Abstract: The position (x) of a hydraulic press or punch press is controlled highly dynamically, by a controller which uses the velocity (v) and the acceleration (a.sub.B) of a piston. While the position (x) and the velocity (v) are sensed by customary measuring devices, the acceleration (a.sub.B) is determined by means of a sensor (B) from the pressure (p) of the hydraulic fluid and the piston velocity (v). Thereby, an expensive acceleration measurement can be dispensed with by utilizing the already existing pressure measuring arrangement. The sensor (B) can further determine an interference quantity signal (f.sub.zB) which can be fed to the control element (SG) for the purpose of generating a compensating interference signal.

Abstract: A method for the detection and regulation of a spring moment and a difference speed in rotationally driven systems in which a drive unit can be viewed as an elastically coupled two-mass system. The spring moment and the difference speed are determined without direct measurement of the actual load speed or the load position. This is done by comparison of the actual motor speed influenced by the spring moment and a simulated actual motor speed. The resulting difference speed and spring moment are directly proportional to the actual difference speed and the actual spring moment and can be supplied to the regulating system of the motor for regulating the intrinsic oscillations of the system.

Abstract: In a method for numerical position control of motordriven shafts whose rotations are to be synchronous with one another under a certain transmission ratio a control loop is provided for each shaft. A speed setpoint, weighted with the corresponding transmission ratio, is applied as a position setpoint per unit of time simultaneously to the control loops of the respective shafts. If the actual speeds of the shafts differ from one another due to a disturbance within the controlled system, the difference between these actual speeds is used to readjust the speed and the position within the speed controlled section of one of the control loops.

Abstract: A method of optimizing drive controls in a computer-controlled machine tool. The method comprises the steps of (a) ascertaining the system parameters of the drive control system from an open-loop system response, (b) computing the control parameters of a control system from the system parameters and a closed-loop target response, (c) simulating a closed-loop control system using the system and control parameters, (d) comparing the target response with a simulated response, (e) varying the control parameters in the simulated control system, (f) repeating steps (d) and (e) until the responses coincide and (g) setting the final control parameters into the control loop of the actual drive control system. The method steps are executed by means of the machine tool computer control.

Abstract: In a computer controlled machine tool, the actual tracks obtained from the reference values are simulated by means of system models of the drive circuits for reducing contour errors, and an excessive deviation between the reference and the actual track is used for changing the operating track velocity.

Abstract: For use with overhead axes of a machine tool or the axes which ride astride one another of a robot, the gravitational effect can be eliminated for controlled drives if a control variable which opposes the gravitational effect is inserted into the control loop of the controller. By this arrangement, a wide control range can be achieved for the overall machine tool or system.

Abstract: In a computer-controlled machine tool, an auxiliary filter is inserted into the reference value channel of the drive control circuit, which filter has a transfer function approximately the inverse of that of the corresponding drive control circuit.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the positional movement of a movable workpiece of a numerically controlled machine tool. The apparatus comprises an incremental linear measuring system arranged along the path of movement of the movable workpiece, a rotary measuring system, mechanically coupled to a drive of the movable workpiece, and means within the computer control of the machine tool to relate the resulting measurements from the two systems to one another. The measuring resolution of the rotary measuring system is substantially greater than that of the incremental linear measuring system such that if the rotary measuring system is subordinated to the incremental linear measuring system, the machine tool can achieve greater control accuracy with respect to stopping and positioning the workpiece. The apparatus can also be configured to measure characteristics of the machine tool such as spindle pitch, spindle pitch error, and backlash and correct any control inaccuracies accordingly.

Abstract: An evaluation arrangement for a digital incremental transmitter of the type wherein two phase-shifted sinusoidal voltages of the same period are produced generates a periodic triangular voltage signal which is subsequently converted to digital values. The digital values are produced in response to an interlinking of linear portions of the sinusoidal voltages. The digital values are used to address a read-only memory in which are stored a plurality of absolute values within a period.