Abstract: The disclosure relates to a system and method for identification of pneumatic drives. The pneumatic actuating drive is controlled by an electro-pneumatic position regulator, which is equipped with a microcontroller, at least one electro-pneumatic transducer for controlling the pressure-medium flow to and from the drive, and a communication interface. After the position regulator has been started up with an initial setting, a nominal value profile and an actual value profile can be analyzed during operation and, if a control error exceeds a predeterminable minimum value, the manipulated variable from the position regulator can be temporarily replaced by a test signal during which operating parameters of the controlled system are recorded from which current regulator parameters are determined.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for commissioning pneumatically operated actuators that are controlled by a positioner. To determine the drive type, a constant flow of pneumatic fluid is applied to the actuator during commissioning while a drive-specific characteristic curve of the fed back position is recorded over time. Then the measured characteristic curve is compared with a given specimen characteristic curve. The drive type is inferred from the level of difference or agreement between the drive-specific characteristic curve and the specimen characteristic curve.

Abstract: The invention relates to a measurement transmitter for operation in a process plant. The enclosure of the measurement transmitter comprises two mutually separate containers (11, 12), where the transducer for converting the process-related, physical variable into an appropriate electrical variable is housed in the one container (11), and an electronic circuit (22) is arranged in the other container (12). The two containers (11, 12) have complimentary screw threads (51, 52) to each other, and are screwed together directly. The screw connection of the two containers (11, 12) comprises a transformer made up of two parts (31, 32), whose parts (31, 32) each comprise a winding (41, 42) connected to the circuitry (21, 22) of the respective container (11, 12).

Abstract: A modular shoe includes an upper with an upper side and a lower side, a chassis releasably arranged in an interior of the upper, and a plurality of studs. Each stud is releasably attached to the chassis through the lower side of the upper. The lower side of the upper is clamped between the chassis and at least one of the attached studs. The invention also relates to the various components used in a modular shoe in accordance with the invention.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for diagnosis of actuators which are operated with the aid of a positioning device as a function of a nominal value preset, which is emitted from a superordinate regulation device and is received via a communication interface. Diagnosis information can be determined from a time profile of the nominal value preset by investigating the profile of the nominal value for one or more known characteristics.

Abstract: A sole for a shoe, in particular a sports shoe, includes a unidirectional bending element. The unidirectional bending element enables a dorsal bending of the sole (bending of the sole in the direction upward and away from the ground) and blocks a plantar bending of the sole (bending of the sole in the direction downward and towards the ground). The unidirectional bending element may be arranged at a first layer of the sole and may vertically project from the first layer.

Abstract: A modular shoe includes an upper with an upper side and a lower side, a chassis releasably arranged in an interior of the upper, and a plurality of studs. Each stud is releasably attached to the chassis through the lower side of the upper. The lower side of the upper is clamped between the chassis and at least one of the attached studs. The invention also relates to the various components used in a modular shoe in accordance with the invention.

Abstract: The diagnostic device that detects a failure of a sensor. The sensor includes memory for repeatedly recording pairs of two absolute pressure values, the absolute pressure values being related to absolute pressures in the first and the second impulse lines, respectively. A processor repeatedly computes, from a prescribable number of pairs of the two absolute pressure values, a correlation value representative of the correlation between the two absolute pressure values. The processor can also compare correlation values to at least one correlation threshold value, and generate a diagnostic output depending on the result of the comparison. It is possible to derive the absolute pressure values from one differential pressure measurement and one absolute pressure measurement.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pressure sensor, the measuring cell of which is provided with at least one membrane for the protection of the pressure-sensitive element and a measuring chamber, filled with pressure medium, in which the pressure-sensitive element is housed. According to the invention, the membrane is monitored for damage, whereby at least one surface wave sensor is arranged in the chamber filled with pressure medium. On damage to the membrane occurring, process medium is mixed with the pressure medium. A substance change in the sensitive region of the surface wave sensor is thus brought about which results in a differing signal run time. Any change in run time is an indictor of damage to the pressure sensor and may be signaled as such.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a differential pressure transducer unit comprising an over-load protection system which is used to measure low differential pressure in liquids and gases under high static pressure load which can be connected to flanges on the working pressure lines. The differential pressure transducer unit consists of a planar multi-layered arrangement comprising layers which are conductive, insulating and which are insulated from each other, whereby the insulating and conductive layers comprises recesses which at least partially cover each other, wherein the measuring mechanism and the measuring value processing means are accommodated. At least one of the layers is a functional component of the over-load protection system.

Abstract: An ECG system is used in ECG signal measurement of intra-cardiac ECG using a catheter. The system includes a lead signal switch for disconnecting an amplifier input terminal from a reference point and reconnecting the input terminal to a patient limb electrode. An ECG signal processor amplifies the difference of a chest lead signal electronically connected to a catheter, and a patient limb signal provided by the reconnecting of the input terminal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a component arrangement comprising: an electronics module (10); a heat sink (20) contacted by the electronics module (10); a printed circuit board (30), and; a fastening means (40) for fastening the electronics module (10) to the printed circuit board (30) and to the heat sink (20). The electronics module (10) has at least one elastic connecting limb (11) for the solder-free contacting of the electronics module (10) with the printed circuit board (30) and has a location (14) for the fastening means (40). The electronics module (10) additionally comprises a decoupling means (12) for decoupling the force of pressure between the connecting limb (11) and the printed circuit board (30) from the contact force between the heat sink (20) and the electronics module (10). Another aspect of the invention concerns an electronics module (10) that can be used in the aforementioned component arrangement.

Abstract: A highly efficient method for generating human antibodies using recall technology is provided. In one aspect, human antibodies which are specific to the anthrax toxin are provided. In one aspect, human peripheral blood cells that have been pre-exposed to anthrax toxin are used in the SCID mouse model. This method results in high human antibody titers which are primarily of the IgG isotype and which contain antibodies of high specificity and affinity to desired antigens. The antibodies generated by this method can be used therapeutically and prophylactically for preventing or treating mammals exposed to anthrax. Thus, in one embodiment, a prophylactic or therapeutic agent used to counter the effects of anthrax toxin, released as a mechanism of bioterrorism, is provided. In one embodiment, a formulation and method for preventing and/or treating anthrax infection comprising a binding agent that prevents the assembly of the PA63 heptamer is also provided.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for detecting the drive type of an actuator, e.g., a pneumatic actuator, having a positioner for operating a final control element in a process engineering plant. The actuator is connected to the positioner by a mounting set, the positioner comprising an electronic control unit, which uses a microcontroller to receive one or more input signals, and to output actuating signals to control the flow of gas to or from the chambers of a single-acting or double-acting pneumatic drive. The position feedback sensors are equipped with a rotational measuring system. During commissioning of the actuator, the relationship between the drive volumes and the position signal is found and compared with transfer characteristics of known drive types. Where there is a match between the transfer characteristic defined by the value pairs of the given actuator and one of the transfer characteristics of the known drive types, the identified drive type is assigned to the given actuator.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for commissioning pneumatically operated actuators that are controlled by a positioner. To determine the drive type, a constant flow of pneumatic fluid is applied to the actuator during commissioning while a drive-specific characteristic curve of the fed back position is recorded over time. Then the measured characteristic curve is compared with a given specimen characteristic curve. The drive type is inferred from the level of difference or agreement between the drive-specific characteristic curve and the specimen characteristic curve.

Abstract: A MCM system board uses a stiffener arrangement to enhance mechanical, thermo and electrical properties by incorporating an LGA compression connector in a computer system. The present designs of large scale computing systems (LSCS) in IBM use a MCM that is attached to a system board and held together by a stiffening frame. Due to the nature of the manufacturing of the system board, there can be significant gaps formed in the mounting area of the MCM between the board and the stiffener. A method is described that not only fills the void, it also, in addition promotes thermo conduction of excess heat away from the MCM and at the same time promotes enhanced electrical properties of the LGA connections of the MCM to the system board.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for identification of the drive type of an actuating drive, e.g., a pneumatic actuating drive, having a position regulator in order to control an actuating member in a process installation. The actuating drive is connected by means of an attachment to the position regulator, with the position regulator having control electronics which receive one or more input signals with the aid of a microcontroller and emit actuating signals in order to ventilate or vent the chambers of a single-acting or double-acting pneumatic drive. The position feedback sensor system is equipped with a rotational measurement system. The actuating range of the actuating drive is passed through completely while setting it up. The angle positions signaled back are recorded. The drive type is determined from the range between the limit angle positions at the actuating range limits of the actuating drive.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pressure sensor, the measuring cell of which is provided with at least one membrane for the protection of the pressure-sensitive element and a measuring chamber, filled with pressure medium, in which the pressure-sensitive element is housed. According to the invention, the membrane is monitored for damage, whereby at least one surface wave sensor is arranged in the chamber filled with pressure medium. On damage to the membrane occurring, process medium is mixed with the pressure medium. A substance change in the sensitive region of the surface wave sensor is thus brought about which results in a differing signal run time. Any change in run time is an indictor of damage to the pressure sensor and may be signaled as such.

Abstract: An exemplary method is disclosed for operation of an actuating drive for control of an actuating element, which has an associated position detection device for detection of an actual position of the actuating element, which detection device is operatively connected to a regulator unit for comparison of the actual position with a predeterminable set position and for production of an actuating signal for driving the actuating drive, with the position detection device having a stationary optical scanning device whose optical axis is directed at an endless pattern which can be scanned optically and has associated numerical equivalents.

Abstract: A modular shoe includes an upper with an upper side and a lower side, a chassis releasably arranged in an interior of the upper, and a plurality of studs. Each stud is releasably attached to the chassis through the lower side of the upper. The lower side of the upper is clamped between the chassis and at least one of the attached studs. The invention also relates to the various components used in a modular shoe in accordance with the invention.