Abstract: To remove phosgene from off-gases, the former is reacted in a washing zone with a liquid which contains or is composed of compounds of the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are identical or different and are each aliphatic or cycloaliphatic alkyl of 1 to 8 carbons, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are --(CH.sub.2).sub.n -- where n is 4 or 5, R.sub.3 is hydrogen or aliphatic or cycloaliphatic alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or R.sub.1 or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are --(CH.sub.2).sub.m -- where m is 3, 4 or 5.The liquid can be regenerated by the addition of water, and the regenerated liquid can be returned to the washing zone.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a carboxylic chloride of the general formula I ##STR1## in which R denotes C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.30 -alkenyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.30 -alkynyl, from a carboxylic acid of the general formula II ##STR2## in which R has the meanings stated, and phosgene COCl.sub.2 (III), in the presence of a catalyst adduct comprising phosgene and N,N-disubstituted formamide of the general formula IV ##STR3## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together form a C.sub.4 - or C.sub.5 -alkylene chain which may or may not be interrupted by an oxygen atom or by a nitrogen atom carrying a C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl group or CHO, the product being isolated by phase separation, wherein the amount of phosgene added to the formamide (IV) is from 20 to 70% molar, based on the formamide.

Abstract: Polychlorinated waste materials such as polychlorinated dibenzodioxines (PCDD), polychlorinated dibenzofuranes (PCDF) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) are subjected to nonpolluting destruction by combusting said materials together with waste sulfuric acids, acid tars and similar sulfur- and carbon-containing waste products of various compositions and consistencies in a multi-stage combustion furnace.

Abstract: A propellent medium for a barreled weapon with electrically-supported liquid propulsion, especially for chemical-electrical hybrid drives with regenerative propellent medium injection. Organic compounds of a combination of carbon and hydrogen are contemplated in a ratio with one or more reactive groups which, with a good exothermic reaction of the propellent medium (hydrocarbon), will facilitate the dissociation of molecules or atoms of lower molecular mass. Hereby, a propellent medium component can be formed from charged hydrocarbon ring systems including reactive groups.

Abstract: In a process for the production of clinkers from sludges containing heavy metals, especially electroplating sludges, river and/or harbor sludges, in which the sludges are mixed with clay, especially brickyard clay, and optionally lean materials and fluxing materials and then are burned to clinkers especially at temperatures between 750.degree. and 1150.degree. C., zeolites are admixed with the sludges and the clay before the burning.

Abstract: In an electron beam generator where the heating current for the cathode is transformed by an insulating transformer 7 disposed on the high-voltage insulator 4 of the beam head, the primary winding of this insulating transformer 7 being connected to ground potential, and where a single-pole high-voltage connection 2 and a single-pole high-voltage cable 2 connect the beam head 3 to a high-voltage generator 1, the high-voltage cable 2, at its terminal ends, has a protective resistor 10 corresponding to the surge impedance of the high-voltage cable 2 in order to reduce the damages to insulating and component parts.

Abstract: In the electron beam generator cooling is provided by the electrical conductors of the incandescent cathode and control electrode which are configured as heat bridges and connected to cooling plates in the interior of the high-voltage insulator which in turn are connected in a heat-conducting manner to a pot-shaped cooling body. The cooling body, configured as part of a capsule for accommodating circuitry for the control of the electron beam generator, is surrounded by a heat exchanger which is connected to a cooling circuit and is at ground potential, and is insulated from the cooling body by a wall of the high-voltage insulator.

Abstract: A propellant igniter for a cartridge including an ignition tube which extends into the propellant; and with a booster charge arranged at one end of the ignition tube having a pyrotechnic igniting composition therein, which leaves the presence of a central passageway. The igniting composition or charge is formed from a tubular, hardened or set layer constituted of a pyrotechnic lacquer or varnish. Preferably, the pyrotechnic layer is cast into the ignition tube while in a pourable state, and then hardened or cured within the tube. The pyrotechnic layer can also be applied onto a combustible conduit tube for gas fumes, hardened thereon and then inserted into the ignition tube.

Abstract: A propulsion mechanism for a subcaliber projectile, wherein the propulsion mechanism possesses a close-fitted zone in common with the projectile for subjecting a gas pressure-receiving surface to a load caused by the propellent gases; for the utilization in a recessed surface, of an incident flow of air subsequent to exiting from a weapon barrel; and a tensioning device for the assumption of tensile stresses, with the device being connected with a central carrier component adjoining the projectile body.

Abstract: An incendiary projectile possessing an incendiary composition arranged locally bonded about the internal casing surface of the projectile wall structure. The projectile has the inner casing surface of its wall structure covered with the incendiary composition in fixed adherence therewith, and the explosive in the inner space of the projectile extends into grid-structured interspaces or scorings for the mutual bounding of covered regions. In this connection, there is also disclosed a particularly advantageous method for the formation of a projectile which is designed in this manner, as well as an expediently employable arrangement for the implementation of the method.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for vacuum coating of materials having a three-dimensional surface structure is disclosed that provides cooling, to prevent heat destruction of those materials during vacuum coating. The web is moved back and forth across the coating area, between rolls. A cooling film is rolled onto each roll with the web. As the web is unrolled, the film is unrolled and recooled before being rolled up again with the web.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for vacuum coating of materials having a three-dimensional surface structure is disclosed that provides cooling, to prevent heat destruction of those materials during vacuum coating. The web is moved back and forth across the coating area, between rolls. A cooling film is rolled onto each roll with the web. As the web is unrolled, the film is unrolled and recooled before being rolled up again with the web.

Abstract: Acrylates or methacrylates I ##STR1## (A and B=C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 -alkylene, R.sup.1 =H, CH.sub.3) are prepared by reacting an acrylate or methacrylate II ##STR2## (R.sup.2 =C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl) with a heterocycle III ##STR3## in the presence of titanium alcoholates chelate compounds of the metals titanium, zirconium, iron and zinc with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel 2-(alkoxymethyl) pentane-1,5-diisocyanates, 2-(alkoxymethyl)-pentane-1,5-diurethanes, and 2-(alkoxymethyl)-pentane 1,5-dicarbamic acid chlorides having the structure: ##STR1## in which R is a straight chain or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl radical, a straight chain or branched C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 -alkenyl radical, a straight chain or branched C.sub.3 -C.sub.20 -oxaalkyl radical, an optionally substituted C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 -cycloalkyl radical, or an optionally substituted C.sub.7 -C.sub.20 -aralkyl radical and X is a --NCO--, --NH--CO.sub.2 R.sup.1 --, --NHCO.sub.2 R.sup.2 -- OR - NHCOCl-group whereby R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 can be the same or different and are a straight chain or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl radical or a C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl radical, as well as a process for their preparation.

Abstract: Nitriles of the general formula IR.sup.1 --CN (I)where R.sup.1 is a saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain, branched or cyclic alkyl radical, an aralkyl radical or an aryl radical, each of which is of not more than 20 carbon atoms and can be unsubstituted or further substituted, and (meth)acrylamide are prepared simultaneously by a process in which an aldoxime of the general formula IIIR.sup.1 --CH.dbd.NOH (III)where R.sup.1 has the above meanings, is heated at from 50.degree. to 180.degree. C. in the presence of a copper(II) carboxylate and of (meth)acrylonitrile.

Abstract: .alpha.-Substituted acrylamides of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is a straight-chain, branched or cyclic alkyl radical of not more than 15 carbon atoms which can be unsubstituted or further substituted, are prepared by a process in which the corresponding .alpha.-substituted acrolein oximes are heated at from 40.degree. to 250.degree. C. in the presence of a copper(II) carboxylate and of an unsubstituted or substituted acrylonitrile as cocatalyst.

Abstract: .alpha.-substituted acrylamides of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is a straight-chain, branched or cyclic alkyl radical of not more than 15 carbon atoms which can be unsubstituted or further substituted, are prepared by a process in which the corresponding .alpha.-substituted acrolein oximes are heated at from 40.degree. to 250.degree. C. in the presence of a copper(II) carboxylate.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of PVP-iodine having an iodine:iodide ratio of about 2:1 and a partition coefficient of 180-250, by reacting PVP with elementary iodine in the presence of formic acid, oxalic acid or an ammonium salt or amide of carbonic acid, formic acid or oxalic acid, in aqueous solution.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an arrangement which are of importance in the polarization of shaped articles from polymers. The shaped articles from polymers, polarized by the method as per invention, are finding effective application in electroacoustic converters, piezoelectric switches and in proving electromagnetic radiation within a broad spectral zone.It is possible to obtain by the method as per invention and, respectively, the arrangement as per invention, above-average values for polarization as well as for the piezoelectrical and pyroelectrical coefficients. The arrangement as described, and respectively, the method as described are characterized by the use of charge-limiting polarization capacitors.

Abstract: Disclosed are a process and apparatus useful for reclaiming sulfur-containing waste materials such as waste or spent sulfuric acid and acid tars.The sulfur-containing waste material is burned in a multi-stage combustion furnace having, in sequence, a rotary furnace containing heated coke, an intermediate combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber. The temperatures, gas flow rates and amount of added air are carefully controlled.A separation gas is produced having a high sulfur dioxide content which can be used in the sulfuric acid contact process. The separation gas is free of nitrous oxides, hydrocarbons and sulfur trioxide.