Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for increasing the productivity of 2?-fucosyllactose through various changes in culture medium composition and culturing on the basis of lactose, which is a substrate, wherein 2-fucosyllactose can be continuously produced in a high-yield at an optimum lactose concentration discovered by a culturing method of the present invention.

Abstract: A method for displaying a message in a messenger service by a user terminal is proposed. The method may include receiving the message from a server. The method may also include receiving a mask command for the message from the server when text information extracted from the message satisfies a preset condition. The method may further include displaying a mask message corresponding to the message in a chat room of the messenger service based on the mask command.

Abstract: An aerosol generating device includes an accommodation portion configured to accommodate an aerosol generating article through an opening, a heater configured to heat the accommodation portion and move along a longitudinal direction of the accommodation portion; and a heater support that supports the heater and move the heater along the longitudinal direction of the accommodation portion, wherein the heater moves between a first position corresponding to a first point of the aerosol generating article and a second position corresponding to a second point of the aerosol generating article, and wherein the first position and the second position differ according to specifications of the aerosol generating article.

Abstract: Provided is a fluorine-doped tin oxide support, a platinum catalyst for a fuel cell having the same, and a method for producing the same. Also described is a high electrical conductivity and electrochemical durability by doping fluorine to the tin oxide-based support through an electrospinning process. Thus, while resolving a degradation issue of the carbon support in the conventional commercially available platinum/carbon (Pt/C) catalyst, what is designed is to minimize an electrochemical elution of dopant or tin, which is a limitation of the tin oxide support itself and has excellent performance as a catalyst for a fuel cell.

Abstract: Disclosed are a separator for fuel cells capable of minimizing the volume of a system and the use of sealants, and a stack for fuel cells, more particularly, a stack for solid oxide fuel cells, including the same. Specifically, by adding a metal sheet having a specific shape, position and size to the separator, the stress applied to the sealant can be uniformized, and thus the oxidizing agent and fuel can be separated and electrically isolated using only a piece of sealant. Therefore, the stack for fuel cells is characterized in that there is no variation in temperature, reactant concentration, power, or the like between respective unit cells, so delamination and microcracks do not occur, the volume is minimized, and the power density per unit volume is very high.

Abstract: An aerosol generating article includes an aerosol generator including a first aerosol generating material which does not include nicotine; a tobacco filler arranged adjacent to an end of the aerosol generator and including a second aerosol generating material including nicotine; a cooler arranged adjacent to an end of the tobacco filler and configured to cool aerosol; and a mouth piece arranged adjacent to an end of the cooler.

Abstract: An image sensing device is provided to include a pixel array having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix shape. Each of the pixels includes: a control node configured to generate a hole current in a substrate; a detection node configured to capture photocharge migrated by the hole current, formed in a shape whose at least part is partially open, and disposed to surround the control node, and a low resistance region including a dielectric layer formed in the substrate, and disposed in the opening on of the detection node. The low resistance region includes an inner low resistance region disposed between the control node and the center of the pixel.

Abstract: An operating method is disclosed for a dehydrogenation reaction system. The method includes providing a system having: an acid aqueous solution tank including an acid aqueous solution; a dehydrogenation reactor including a chemical hydride of a solid state and receiving an acid aqueous solution from the acid aqueous solution tank to react the chemical hydride with the acid aqueous solution to generate hydrogen; and a fuel cell stack receiving hydrogen generated from the dehydrogenation reactor to be reacted with oxygen to generate water and simultaneously to generate electrical energy. The method also includes recycling the water generated from the fuel cell stack to one or all of the acid aqueous solution tank, the dehydrogenation reactor, and a separate water tank. The acid is formic acid and, in in the dehydrogenation reactor, the temperature is in a range of 10° C. to 400° C. and the pressure is in a range of 1 bar to 100 bar.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device includes: forming a trench in an insulating interlayer by etching the insulating interlayer; forming a conductive layer on bottom, side, and upper surfaces of the insulating interlayer where the trench is formed, using a first deposition process, the conductive layer on the bottom surface of the trench being thicker than the conductive layer on the side surface of the trench; forming a sacrificial layer in the trench covering the conductive layer formed on the bottom surface of the trench using a second deposition process different from the first deposition process; selectively removing the conductive layer formed on the upper surface of the insulating interlayer and formed on the side surface of the trench left exposed through the sacrificial layer; and selectively removing the sacrificial layer, to form a conductive line using the conductive layer remaining on the bottom surface of the trench.

Abstract: A display device comprises a pixel electrode disposed on a substrate, light emitting elements disposed on the pixel electrode, a first via layer disposed on the pixel electrode and filled between the light emitting elements, and a common electrode disposed on the first via layer and the light emitting elements, wherein each of the light emitting elements includes a first semiconductor layer including a p-type dopant, an active layer disposed on the first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer disposed on the active layer and including an n-type dopant, and a third semiconductor layer disposed on the second semiconductor layer, and the common electrode is in contact with a side surface of the second semiconductor layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process stop loss reduction system, in which in case that pressure in a trapping apparatus and pressure in a process chamber are increased because of space clogging or the like caused by reaction by-products while the trapping apparatus for trapping of a reaction by-product contained in exhaust gas discharged from the process chamber operates over a long period of time during a semiconductor process, only the trapping apparatus, to which a supply of exhaust gas is cut off, may be quickly replaced while inert gas is received in an idle state and continuously supplied to a vacuum pump through a bypass pipe of the trapping apparatus without stopping an operation of (shutting down) a semiconductor manufacturing process chamber facility, and then the trapping apparatus may be supplied with the exhaust gas again.

Abstract: Proposed is an apparatus and method for manufacturing automotive interior materials. The apparatus includes a first mold unit with a first molding surface and a gate disposed on the first molding surface, and a second mold unit provided with a second molding surface facing the first molding surface, wherein a skin is set on the first molding surface; and the first mold unit and the second mold unit are configured, when combined, to provide a volume-variable injection space between the set skin and the first molding surface, wherein the volume-variable injection space is in a first volume state while molten resin is injected through the gate, and after completing the injection of the molten resin, the volume-variable injection space changes to a second volume state that a volume of the injection space is reduced compared to the first volume state to compress the molten resin.

Abstract: Proposed is an apparatus and method for manufacturing automotive interior materials. The apparatus includes a first mold unit provided with a first molding surface and a gate disposed on the first molding surface, wherein a skin is set on the first molding surface. The apparatus further includes a second mold unit provided with a second molding surface facing the first molding surface, and configured to provide an opening exposing an edge of an edge portion of the set skin along a periphery between the first molding surface and the second molding surface when the second mold unit is combined with the first mold unit, and a sealing block provided with a tip portion disposed along the opening when the first mold unit and the second mold unit are combined.

Abstract: Provided is an aerosol generating system including a holder configured to generate aerosol by heating a cigarette; and a cradle including an inner space into which the holder is inserted. The holder is configured to be tiltable with respect the cradle. The holder is inserted into the inner space of the cradle and then tilted to generate the aerosol.

Abstract: A display device includes: an array substrate including a pixel array disposed on a display area, a first transfer wiring disposed on a peripheral area adjacent to the display area and electrically connected to the pixel array, a second transfer wiring disposed on the peripheral area adjacent to the display area and electrically connected to the pixel array, and a barrier member disposed between the first transfer wiring and the second transfer wiring, the barrier member including an inorganic insulation material; and a sealing member disposed between the array substrate and an encapsulation substrate to combine the array substrate with the encapsulation substrate, the sealing member contacting at least a portion of the first transfer wiring and the second transfer wiring.

Abstract: A group pairing method of a wireless intercommunication system according to an embodiment may comprise the steps of: acquiring information about slave wireless intercommunication devices and generating a pairing list from the acquired information, and sorting the generated list according to a chain connection order; transmitting information about the sorted pairing list and chain connection order to a master wireless intercommunication device; the master wireless intercommunication device receiving the information about the sorted pairing list and chain connection order from the master mobile device and updating the pairing list thereof from the received pairing list, and transmitting information about the updated pairing list and chain connection order to the slave wireless intercommunication devices; and each of the slave wireless intercommunication devices receiving the information about the updated pairing list and chain connection order from the master wireless intercommunication device and updating the

Abstract: Provided is a polyester-based resin composition including: (a) at least one type of dicarboxylic acid component selected from an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and an ester-forming derivative of the aromatic dicarboxylic acid; (b) a bisphenyl fluorene-based diol component; and (c) a tetracyclobutane-based diol component, wherein a content of the bisphenyl fluorene-based diol component is 20 to 90 mol % relative to the total of the diol component and a glass transition temperature (Tg) is greater than or equal to 100° C.

Abstract: According to an exemplary embodiment, provided is an aerosol generation apparatus including: a liquid cartridge comprising a storage unit configured to store an aerosol-generating substrate which is liquid-type and an atomizer configured to generate aerosol by heating the aerosol-generating substrate; a mouth tip located at one end of the aerosol generation apparatus and comprising a filter unit configured to adsorb at least one material included in the generated aerosol; and an aerosol heating unit configured to heat the generated aerosol when the generated aerosol is inhaled by a user through the mouth tip.

Abstract: Provided is an aerosol generating system including a holder configured to generate aerosol by heating a cigarette; and a cradle including an inner space into which the holder is inserted. The holder is configured to be tiltable with respect the cradle. The holder is inserted into the inner space of the cradle and then tilted to generate the aerosol.

Abstract: Provided are methods and apparatuses for controlling traffic signals of traffic lights in a sub-area by using a neural network model. The method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may configure state information of a sub-area by using downstream information obtained in a current cycle time for each of a plurality of intersections included in the sub-area. In addition, the method may input the state information to a trained reinforcement learning model, and obtain action information of the sub-area including green times and offsets, by using an output from the trained reinforcement learning model. Furthermore, the method may generate coordinated signal values for applying the action to traffic lights in the sub-area in a subsequent cycle time.