Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for transmitting and receiving downlink control information and a communication system. The apparatus for transmitting downlink control information (DCI) includes: a first transmitter configured to transmit to a terminal equipment first DCI indicating an interrupted first time-frequency resource used for transmitting uplink data, the first DCI at least comprising a first field indicating a position of the first time-frequency resource.

Abstract: Systems and methods for detecting artificial intelligence (AI) generated computer code. Lines of code can be masked from a candidate code to obtain perturbed codes. Missing code can be generated from the perturbed codes by employing an AI code generator model to obtain machine-filled codes. Probabilities of the candidate code probability and the machine-filled codes as AI-generated can be predicted by employing a surrogate model. The candidate code can be distinguished as AI-generated by comparing the probabilities against a detection threshold to obtain detection results.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for dynamic prompt tuning in image processing, including decomposing a received image into segments sized to balance detail retention and computational efficiency for processing by an embedding algorithm designed for token generation, generating tokenized image data by transforming each of the decomposed segments into a sequence of tokens using an embedding process that includes a convolutional neural network, and dynamically computing parameters for inserting prompts into the sequence of tokens, including a position and length of the prompts, utilizing a one-layer neural network combined with a continuous relaxation of a discrete distribution for optimizing categorical decision-making. Soft prompts are created based on the dynamically computed parameters and the soft prompts are integrated with the tokenized image data. The integrated image data and prompts are processed using a pretrained vision model with a frozen backbone to enhance image feature recognition.

Abstract: Systems and methods for detecting artificial intelligence (AI) generated text. A candidate text can be truncated to obtain a prefix text and a remainder text by employing a truncation module. Regenerated model texts can be regenerated by utilizing the prefix text by employing an AI text generation model. Detection results can be predicted by comparing n-gram similarities of the regenerated model texts and the remainder text. The candidate text can be distinguished as AI generated text by providing explanation texts based on the detection results.

Abstract: The present application provides a UE capability updating method and apparatus, and a device. The method comprises: updating a machine learning model used for performing communication data processing; processing communication data according to the updated machine learning model, and determining at least one performance index related to a UE capability; when determining, according to the at least one performance index, that the UE capability is updated, determining the updated UE capability information; and reporting the updated UE capability information to a network. According to the method provided by the present application, introducing a method for identifying a UE capability change and reporting the updated UE capability solves the problem that after the UE capability is upgraded, a resource is wasted or a service requirement for the upgrading of a UE cannot be satisfied caused due to the fact that a network device still performs scheduling according to an original UE capability.

Abstract: A beam failure recovery method and device and a communication system. The device includes: a receiver configured to, after a period of time upon the terminal equipment receive a beam failure recovery (BFR) response and before activation or reconfiguration signaling, monitor and/or receive a downlink signal in a first cell of the terminal equipment according to an antenna quasi-co-located (QCL) parameter identical to a selected reference signal (q_new) or a reference signal (q_new) indicated by a higher layer.

Abstract: Provided is a model update method in a communication system, including: determining that a communication environment changes, and finding, according to a first mapping relationship set, a machine learning model suitable for a current communication environment from a plurality of machine learning models associated with the first mapping relationship set, to form a first machine learning model set; and deploying the machine learning model of the first machine learning model set on the access network device, and/or transmitting first information to a terminal, where the first information is used to instruct the terminal to deploy the machine learning model of the first machine learning model set.

Abstract: Methods and systems for prompt tuning include training a tuning function to set prompt position, prompt length, or prompt pool based on a language processing task. The tuning function is applied to an input query to generate a combined input, with prompt text having the prompt length, being selected according to the prompt pool, and being added to the input query at the prompt position. The combined input is applied to a language model.

Abstract: A signal reception or transmission method and apparatus and a communication system. The signal reception or transmission method includes: a terminal equipment receives downlink control information, the number of bits of at least one of fields of the downlink control information being less than the number of bits of a corresponding field of regular downlink control information; and the terminal equipment receives or transmits a signal scheduled by the downlink control information according to spatial direction indication of the downlink control information. According to this disclosure, the terminal equipment and the network device may receive or transmit a corresponding signal by using accurate power and spatial direction.

Abstract: A data transmission method, a data transmission apparatus, and a data transmission device are provided, where the method on the terminal side includes: obtaining, by the terminal, an ACK/NACK sequence to be fed back; selecting, by the terminal, a machine learning model applied to the ACK/NACK sequence; compressing, by the terminal, the ACK/NACK sequence through the machine learning model to obtain an indication sequence; and transmitting, by the terminal, the indication sequence to the network device.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting a reference signal and a communication system. The reference signal transmission method includes: a transmitter end generates one or more signals corresponding to the same transport block, the one or more signals including a data channel and a reference signal; and the transmitter end transmits the one or more signals in one or more time-domain resource segments, positions of reference signals being determined based on the one or more time-domain resource segments. The terminal equipment and the network device may be able to determine the positions of the reference signals in an actual repetition according to time-domain resource segments occupied by the actual repetition.

Abstract: A beam failure recovery method and device and a communication system. The device includes: a receiver configured to, after a period of time upon the terminal equipment receive a beam failure recovery (BFR) response and before activation or reconfiguration signaling, monitor and/or receive a downlink signal in a first cell of the terminal equipment according to an antenna quasi-co-located (QCL) parameter identical to a selected reference signal (q_new) or a reference signal (q_new) indicated by a higher layer.

Abstract: A signal reception or transmission method and apparatus and a communication system. The signal reception or transmission method includes: a terminal equipment receives downlink control information, the number of bits of at least one of fields of the downlink control information being less than the number of bits of a corresponding field of regular downlink control information; and the terminal equipment receives or transmits a signal scheduled by the downlink control information according to spatial direction indication of the downlink control information. According to this disclosure, the terminal equipment and the network device may receive or transmit a corresponding signal by using accurate power and spatial direction.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for transmitting and receiving downlink control information and a communication system. The apparatus for transmitting downlink control information (DCI) includes: a first transmitter configured to transmit to a terminal equipment first DCI indicating an interrupted first time-frequency resource used for transmitting uplink data, the first DCI at least comprising a first field indicating a position of the first time-frequency resource.

Abstract: An acknowledgement information feedback apparatus, method and a communication system. The method includes: generating an acknowledgement response vector according to whether data transmitted by a plurality of UEs based on contention are correctly demodulated; generating a measurement vector according to a predetermined compressed sensing measurement matrix and the generated acknowledgement response vector; and broadcasting the measurement vector to the plurality of UEs. The UE recovers the acknowledgement response vector according to a compressed sensing measurement matrix and the measurement vector, and determines whether the transmitted data are correctly demodulated according to the recovered acknowledgement response vector. Hence, it is not only applicable to contention-based data transmission scenarios, but also has relatively low signaling overhead and reliable performance.

Abstract: An acknowledgement information feedback apparatus, method and a communication system. The method includes: generating an acknowledgement response vector according to whether data transmitted by a plurality of UEs based on contention are correctly demodulated; generating a measurement vector according to a predetermined compressed sensing measurement matrix and the generated acknowledgement response vector; and broadcasting the measurement vector to the plurality of UEs. The UE recovers the acknowledgement response vector according to a compressed sensing measurement matrix and the measurement vector, and determines whether the transmitted data are correctly demodulated according to the recovered acknowledgement response vector. Hence, it is not only applicable to contention-based data transmission scenarios, but also has relatively low signaling overhead and reliable performance.

Abstract: An information transmission method, apparatus and communication system suitable for nonorthogonal multiple access. The method includes: modulating data to be transmitted into multiple constellation symbols; rotating the multiple constellation symbols by a first predetermined angle respectively to obtain multiple first symbols; performing real part and imaginary part interleaving on the multiple first symbols to obtain multiple second symbols; rotating the multiple second symbols by a second predetermined angle respectively to obtain multiple third symbols; performing real part and imaginary part interleaving on the multiple third symbols to obtain multiple fourth symbols; and mapping the multiple fourth symbols onto multiple resource elements and transmitting information. Hence, higher diversity gains can be obtained, system performance can further be improved, and more UEs can be multiplexed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for random access and data transmission and a communication system. The method includes: generating data information used for both random access and data transmission by a UE, the data information including a UE ID, data to be transmitted and a pilot signal; selecting one or more resource block for transmitting the data information from predetermined resources; and mapping the data information onto the resource blocks and transmitting the data information. Hence, random access and data transmission can be achieved in one step, which can both lower signaling overhead and increase the number of accessed UEs.

Abstract: A codebook based channel information feedback method, device and system are provided in the present invention. The codebook based channel information feedback method includes: measuring, by a terminal in a communication system, a parameter of a downlink channel between the terminal and a base station of the communication system; selecting a plurality of precoding matrixes from a precoding codebook by using the parameter of the downlink channel, wherein a plurality of the precoding matrixes can be used by both of single-user multi-input multi-output (MIMO) transport mode and multi-user MIMO transport mode, and the precoding codebook is an aggregation of precoding matrixes; and feeding back a first information for indicating a plurality of the precoding matrixes to the base station.

Abstract: The transmission method includes: performing first-time series-parallel conversion on modulation symbols, and allocating the data to different subcarriers, by a sender side; performing second-time series-parallel conversion on the data allocated to each subcarrier, modulating the parallel data to Slepian signals orthogonal to each other; summing up the data modulated to different Slepian signals; further modulating the data to a subcarrier; and summing up the data in all subcarriers to form transmission signals. The demodulation method includes: calculating a pseudo-inverse of a matrix formed by subcarrier signals of a sender side by a receiver side; performing subcarrier demodulation on reception signals by using columns of the calculated pseudo-inverse matrix; and performing matching filtering demodulation on signals in each subcarrier by using Slepian signals orthogonal to each other to obtain estimation values of modulation symbols of the sender side.