Abstract: A system includes a display, and a database including surgical videos, images of organs in a human body obtained from a medical imaging device, and images of disease in a human body obtained from the medical imaging device. A controller including a processor is coupled to memory, the database, and the display, and the memory stores information that when executed by the processor causes the system to perform operations. For example, the processor may determine first organ information from the images of the organs, and first disease information from the images of the disease. The processor my calculate a similarity score between the first organ information and the first disease information and second disease information and second organ information indexed to the surgical videos. The processor selects one or more of the surgical videos based on the similarity score, and displays the surgical videos on the display.

Abstract: A surgical simulator for simulating a surgical scenario comprises a display system, a user interface, and a controller. The controller includes one or more processors coupled to memory that stores instructions that when executed cause the system to perform operations. The operations include generating simulated surgical videos, each representative of the surgical scenario. The operations further include associating simulated ground truth data from the simulation with the simulated surgical videos. The ground truth data corresponds to context information of at least one of a simulated surgical instrument, a simulated anatomical region, a simulated surgical task, or a simulated action. The operations further include annotating features of the simulated surgical videos based, at least in part, on the simulated ground truth data for training a machine learning model.

Abstract: One example method for improving robotic surgical safety via video processing includes identifying, during a robotic surgical procedure, one or more surgical tools using one or more images of the surgical procedure captured by a camera, the robotic surgical procedure employing a robotic surgical device controlling the one or more identified surgical tools; predicting, for at least one of the one or more images, one or more loaded surgical tools that are controlled by the robotic surgical device and should be in a field of view of the camera; comparing the one or more identified surgical tools with the one or more loaded surgical tools; determining that at least one of the one or more loaded surgical tools does not match any of the one or more identified surgical tools; and causing the at least one loaded tool of the robotic surgical device to be disabled.

Abstract: The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of space satellite propulsion, and particularly relates to a digital filter based method for measuring thrust response time of a satellite-borne micro-thruster.

Abstract: A system, method, and apparatus for decreasing harmful emissions is provided. The system includes an aftertreatment system configured to receive exhaust gas from an engine system; a heater coupled to the aftertreatment system and configured to provide heat; and a controller coupled to the heater. The controller is configured to: determine that the engine system is idling; in response to determining that the engine system is idling, determine whether a value regarding operation of the engine system is greater than a threshold value; in response to determining that the value is greater than the threshold value, determine whether a temperature regarding the aftertreatment system is greater than a threshold temperature; and in response to determining that the temperature of the aftertreatment system is greater than the threshold temperature, at least one of disable or partially disable the heater.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and a method for forming the semiconductor device are provided. The method includes the following operations. A semiconductor substrate is provided, the semiconductor substrate includes multiple bit line structures disposed at intervals along a first direction; for each of the multiple bit line structures, surfaces of the bit line structure are filled with a conductive material to form a conductive layer covering the surfaces of the bit line structure. A top surface of the conductive layer is higher than a top surface of the bit line structure; and the conductive layer is etched to form multiple first conductive layers independent of each other and multiple second conductive layers, each of which is located on a respective one of the first conductive layers.

Abstract: A system for robot-assisted surgery includes an image sensor and a display. The system further includes a controller coupled to the image sensor and the display, where the controller includes logic that when executed by the controller causes the system to perform operations. The operations may include acquiring first images of a surgical procedure with the image sensor, and analyzing the first images with the controller to identify a surgical step in the surgical procedure. The operations may further include displaying second images on the display in response to identifying the surgical step; the second images may include at least one of a diagram of human anatomy, a preoperative image, an intraoperative image, or an annotated image of one of the first images.

Abstract: Systems and methods for depth detection and virtual modeling using surgical robots during a surgical procedure are described. The robotic surgical systems include robotic arms with interchangeable surgical tools. An endoscope at the end of one of the robotic arms includes a depth sensor for detecting a distance from the camera to patient anatomy. The depth data and image data are used to generate a feature model of the patient anatomy for reference by a surgeon. The feature model is displayed to the surgeon in an augmented reality view with preoperative and intraoperative images mapped thereon for reference and guidance of a surgical procedure.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure includes a substrate, bit line structures located on the substrate, capacitor contact holes located on each of two opposite sides of the bit line structure, and isolation side walls, each of the isolation side walls is located between a respective bit line structure and the capacitor contact holes on one side of the bit line structure. A gap isolation layer is provided between the isolation side walls located on two opposite sides of the bit line structure. The gap isolation layer is located on the bit line structure, and a first gap is provided inside the gap isolation layer. A second gap is provided between the isolation side wall and the gap isolation layer.

Abstract: Described are oil and water-resistant compositions and methods of making and using such compositions. The compositions can be used to prepare oil and water-resistant articles of manufacturing. Oil and water-resistant compositions can include a fiber, a polysaccharide, an acid, and water; wherein the composition is water and oil resistant when compressed and heated. Other oil and water-resistant compositions can include a fiber, a blocking agent such as a fatty acid, a metal salt of a fatty acid, or combinations thereof, and water, wherein the composition is water and oil resistant when compressed and heated.

Abstract: A system includes an intake heater positioned in or proximate to an air intake of an engine, an aftertreatment system heater positioned downstream of the engine, and a controller coupled to the intake heater and the aftertreatment system heater. The controller is structured to operate the intake heater to heat air entering the engine for a predefined time period. The controller is structured to determine, based on information indicative of a temperature regarding an exhaust aftertreatment system, that the temperature regarding the exhaust aftertreatment system is below a predefined temperature threshold. The controller is structured to continue operating the intake heater after the predefined time period responsive to the temperature regarding the exhaust aftertreatment system being below the predefined temperature threshold.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure manufacturing method includes: providing a substrate; forming a first insulating layer covering the substrate, and patterning the first insulating layer to form a plurality of vias and a plurality of isolation structures that are alternatingly distributed; forming conductive contact plugs in the vias respectively, where the conductive contact plugs cover bottoms of the vias and each includes a first region and a second region adjacent to each other, and the conductive contact plugs located in the first regions cover outer walls of the isolation structures and extend along the outer walls to surfaces of the isolation structures distal from the substrate; and forming a passivation layer covering side walls and surfaces of the conductive contact plugs.

Abstract: Systems and methods for identifying surgery tools of a robotic surgery system in surgery video based on robot kinematics are described. Kinematic data describing a position of a first robotic surgery arm including a surgery tool is used to determine a nominal position of the first robotic surgery arm. A search area within image data obtained during a robotic surgery from an endoscope attached to a second robotic surgery arm is determined based on the kinematic data and a nominal position of the surgery tool. The surgery tool is identified within the search area of the image data using an object detection technique.

Abstract: Examples of systems and methods for detecting delays during a surgical procedure are disclosed. For example, one disclosed method includes receiving, a computing device, video of a robotic surgical procedure; determining, by the computing device, an estimated time-to-complete (“TTC”) the robotic surgical procedure based on the video; and in response to determining a deviation between the estimated TTC and an expected duration of the robotic surgical procedure exceeds a threshold, outputting an indication that the robotic surgical procedure is deviating from the expected duration.

Abstract: A method includes receiving, by a controller, information indicative of a temperature of an aftertreatment system of the vehicle and an exhaust gas characteristic. The method includes comparing, by the controller, the temperature of the aftertreatment system to a temperature threshold, and comparing, by the controller, the exhaust gas characteristic to a characteristic threshold. The method includes, responsive to the comparisons, commanding, by the controller, an aftertreatment system heater to selectively engage or disengage to warm the aftertreatment system of the vehicle.

Abstract: The embodiment of the application provides a semiconductor structure and a method for forming a semiconductor structure. The method includes: a substrate structure is provided, in which the substrate structure at least including bit line structures and a plurality of landing pads, each of the plurality of landing pads is formed around a respective one of the bit line structures and covers a part of the respective one of the bit line structures, and a gap is formed between each two adjacent landing pads of the plurality of landing pads; and capacitive structures are formed on top surfaces of the plurality of landing pads and in the gaps.

Abstract: A system, method, and apparatus for decreasing harmful emissions is provided. The system includes an aftertreatment system comprising an exhaust conduit that directs exhaust gas from an engine system; a heater coupled to the aftertreatment system and configured to provide heat; and a controller coupled to the heater. The controller is configured to: determine whether the engine system is idling; in response to determining that the engine system is idling, determine whether a conversion efficiency of the engine system is greater than a threshold value; in response to determining that the conversion efficiency is greater than the threshold value, determine whether a temperature regarding the aftertreatment system is greater than a threshold temperature; and in response to determining that the temperature of the aftertreatment system is greater than the threshold temperature, at least one of disable or partially disable the heater.

Abstract: A system includes a first heater positioned in or proximate to an exhaust aftertreatment system in exhaust gas-receiving communication with an engine, a second heater positioned downstream of the first heater, and a controller coupled to the first and second heaters. The controller is structured to: determine, based on information indicative of a temperature regarding the exhaust aftertreatment system, that the temperature regarding the exhaust aftertreatment system is below a predefined temperature threshold; determine that the second heater is in or likely in an error state; and control a temperature regarding the exhaust aftertreatment system using the first heater in response to determining that the second heater is in or likely in the error state, wherein the first heater controls the temperature regarding the exhaust aftertreatment system after a temperature regarding an engine intake air is at or above a predefined air intake temperature threshold.

Abstract: A system includes a passive NOx adsorber (PNA) for receiving and treating exhaust gas generated by an engine and a controller. The controller is configured to: while exhaust gas is received by the PNA, detect a torque demand that is greater than a threshold value; responsive to detecting that the torque demand is greater than the threshold value, engage a motor, coupled with a battery system, with a drive shaft of the system to meet at least a portion of the torque demand; and in response to the engagement of the motor with the drive shaft not meeting all of the torque demand, engage the engine with the drive shaft to meet a remainder of the torque demand.

Abstract: Described are oil and water-resistant compositions and methods of making and using such compositions. The compositions can be used to prepare oil and water-resistant articles of manufacturing. Oil and water-resistant compositions can include a fiber, a polysaccharide, an acid, and water; wherein the composition is water and oil resistant when compressed and heated. Other oil and water-resistant compositions can include a fiber, a blocking agent such as a fatty acid, a metal salt of a fatty acid, or combinations thereof, and water, wherein the composition is water and oil resistant when compressed and heated.