Abstract: The present disclosure relates to mode switching methods, data flow splitting methods, and apparatus. One example mode switching method includes generating, by a first device, first indication information, where a packet data control protocol (PDCP) entity in the first device is connected to at least two radio link control (RLC) entities in a second device, and sending, by the first device, the first indication information to the second device, where the first indication information is used to indicate that transmission between a first RLC entity in the at least two RLC entities and the PDCP entity in the first device is to be canceled. The second device stops the transmission between the first RLC entity and the PDCP entity based on the first indication information.

Abstract: A multi-connectivity communication method and an apparatus are provided. The method includes: A terminal device obtains a first rule from a master node; and in response to the terminal device detecting a link problem of the master node, the terminal device determines, according to the first rule, a first secondary node from N secondary nodes configured for the terminal device, where N?2.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to data transmission methods and apparatus to implement quality of service (QoS) flow-based data transmission in an architecture in which a central unit-control plane (CU-CP) and a central unit-user plane (CU-UP) are separated from each other. In one example method, when receiving data of a QoS flow, the CU-UP may send a QoS flow identity (ID) and a protocol data unit (PDU) session ID that are of the data of the QoS flow to the CU-CP, where a PDU session corresponding to the PDU session ID includes the data of the QoS flow.

Abstract: This application provides a minimization of drive tests (MDT) measurement solution, which may be used to implement an MDT measurement of a network device with an architecture in which a central unit (CU) entity and a distributed unit (DU) entity are separated. A centralized unit control plane (CU-CP) determines configuration information, and sends the configuration information to a centralized unit user plane (CU-UP) of the network device. The configuration information is used to perform an MDT measurement on a measurement object. The solution in this application may be applied to a communications system, for example, may be applied to a 5th generation (5G) network.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to delay measurement methods and apparatus. In one example method, a first communications device receives a data unit from a second communications device, where the data unit includes time information, the time information is used to indicate a first moment at which the second communications device sends the data unit, and the time information indicates the first moment based on a part of bits of a frame number. The first communications device determines a delay from the second communications device to the first communications device based on the first moment and a second moment, where the second moment is a moment at which the first communications device receives the data unit.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and apparatus. The method includes: A first access network device receives a first message from a second access network device, where the first message indicates that at least two I-RNTI rules of the second access network device remain valid. The first access network device determines, according to at least one valid I-RNTI rule of the second access network device, an access network device corresponding to an I-RNTI of a terminal device, and obtains context information of the terminal device from at least one of the determined access network devices.

Abstract: This application provides an information transmission method and an apparatus. A core network device obtains second public land mobile network (PLMN) information of a second cell before a cell handover of a terminal device. After the terminal device is handed over to a first cell, the core network device obtains first PLMN information of the first cell. When a second PLMN does not belong to a PLMN list and a first PLMN belongs to the PLMN list, the core network device sends first information to a first access network device corresponding to the first cell, where the first information includes the PLMN list, and the PLMN list includes a PLMN set that allows the terminal device to perform minimization of drive test.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and apparatus. The communication method includes: User equipment performs application layer measurement and access stratum measurement on a first service in an idle state or an inactive state, to obtain a first measurement result and a second measurement result, where the first measurement result includes an application layer measurement result obtained by the user equipment in a first time period, the second measurement result includes an access stratum measurement result obtained by the user equipment in a second time period, and the first time period overlaps the second time period. The user equipment in a connected state sends the first measurement result and the second measurement result to a first network device, where there is a correspondence between the first measurement result and the second measurement result.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a communication method and a communication apparatus. In the method, a terminal device obtains a first RA report that includes information about a random access procedure initiated by the terminal device to a source secondary access network device. After the master access network device of the terminal device changes from a source master access network device to a target access network device, the terminal device sends a first message to the target access network device. The first message includes the first RA report and first identification information, and the first identification information indicates the source master access network device.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and a communication apparatus. The method includes: A first network entity obtains first information, where the first information includes any one of the following: signal measurement results of a terminal device in at least two cells, and a relationship of the signal measurement results of the terminal device in the at least two cells, where the at least two cells include a first cell and a second cell; and the first network entity determines, based on second information, an adjustment manner for adjusting transmit power of the first cell. According to this application, even if signal quality of the first cell cannot be accurately measured, the adjustment manner for adjusting the transmit power of the first cell can be determined.

Abstract: Embodiments of this patent application provide a data transmission method and an apparatus for determining, by a core network (CN) device, a length of a quality of service flow identifier (QFI) used when a protocol data unit (PDU) session is established or modified for a terminal device; and sending, by the CN device, a first message to a radio access network (RAN) device, where the first message includes length information of at least one QFI. After receiving the first message from the core network CN device, the access network RAN sends a second message to the terminal device, where the second message includes the length information of the at least one QFI.

Abstract: This application provides a measurement configuration method and an apparatus. The method includes: determining that a serving cell changes from a first cell to a second cell; and updating or deleting a current measurement window configuration. The measurement window configuration is used to indicate a time domain position at which a terminal device measures a downlink reference signal. According to the solution provided in this application, when the serving cell of the terminal device changes, the current measurement window configuration of the terminal device is updated or deleted, so that a problem that the measurement window configuration of the terminal device is not applicable to measurement can be resolved to some extent.

Abstract: This application provides a quality of experience measurement method and apparatus. A terminal device reports, to a network side, quality of experience measurement configuration related information corresponding to a first user identity or a second user identity that has been configured or negotiated in advance, or specifies that application layer measurement corresponding to different user identities are independent of each other in an upper layer of an access stratum of the terminal device, or when application layer measurement corresponding to the first user identity is interrupted or terminated due to impact of a service corresponding to the second user identity, the terminal device reports the interruption or termination to the network side.

Abstract: This application provides communication methods and apparatuses. One method includes: accessing, by a terminal device, an access network device by performing first random access in a radio resource control inactive (RRC inactive) state, and receiving, by the terminal device by using a first receive beam for downlink transmission of the first random access, downlink control information (DCI) transmitted by the access network device.

Abstract: A communication system and apparatus for measuring quality of experience (QoE) are provided. The communication system includes a source access network device and a target access network device, wherein the source access network device is configured to determine that a terminal device is handed over from the source access network device to the target access network device, and the target access network device is configured to receive first indication information from the source network device, where the first indication information indicates a quality of experience (QoE) measurement that has been started by the terminal device. When load of an access network device is high, the QoE measurement executed by the terminal device is adjusted to reduce the load of the access network device and improve communication efficiency.

Abstract: A method is provided, including: configuring a conditional candidate primary secondary cell group cell PSCell addition or change for a terminal device; and performing, by a master network device, early data transmission oriented to a network device to which a candidate PSCell belongs, and for example, before the terminal device accesses the candidate PSCell, sending a data packet to the network device to which the candidate PSCell belongs, where a form of the data packet is a packet data convergence protocol protocol data unit, and the data packet includes a data packet on an MN terminated secondary cell group bearer and/or a data packet on an MN terminated split bearer. In this way, after the terminal device accesses a candidate network device, the candidate network device may send forwarded data to the terminal device, to reduce a data transmission delay.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a communication method and a communication apparatus. The method includes: A terminal device determines that a connection establishment failure between the terminal device and a first cell occurs, records first connection establishment failure information, and starts a timer; the terminal device determines, depending on whether the timer runs, a manner of processing connection establishment failure information; and the terminal device sends a connection establishment failure report, where the connection establishment failure report indicates that the connection establishment failure occurs between the terminal device and the first cell. In this way, memory usage and power consumption of the terminal device can be reduced.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a communication method and apparatus. The method includes: A terminal receives first application layer measurement configuration information from a first base station; performs quality of experience QoE measurement based on the first application layer measurement configuration information; receives a first message from a second base station, where the first message indicates whether to retain the first application layer measurement configuration information; and continues to perform QoE measurement when the first message indicates to retain the first application layer measurement configuration information; and/or releases the first application layer measurement configuration information when the first message indicates to not retain the first application layer measurement configuration information.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a data transmission method and apparatus. The method includes: A terminal device sends a first data segment and auxiliary information to a first network device, where the first data segment is one of one or more data segments corresponding to data used for machine learning, and the auxiliary information indicates a target device of the first data segment. According to the method, the first network device can determine the target device based on the auxiliary information, so that massive data that is collected by the terminal device and that is used for machine learning is accurately transferred to a device that is in a network and that performs machine learning. This helps the network provide a better communication service based on a machine learning result, to improve network work efficiency.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application disclose a model configuration method and an apparatus. The method includes: sending, to a terminal that is in a first cell, first-part information of a first model used by the terminal to process data, and sending first indication information that indicates second-part information of the first model, where the second-part information is information to be sent to the terminal when the terminal is located in a second cell, and the first cell and the second cell are different cells. Solutions of embodiments of this application may be widely applied to the field of communication technologies, artificial intelligence, the internet of vehicles, the internet of smart home, or the like.