Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus and method for correcting the location of a base station. The apparatus includes a data collection unit for receiving collected data including collection places and scan data acquired from the collection places from a collection-only terminal, and receiving scan data having no collection places from a user service terminal. A determination unit obtains correlations between respective base stations based on a number of times each base station in an identical search group is found in a search using the collected data or the scan data, and determines whether a base station has been moved, deleted or added, based on the correlations between respective base stations. A location specification unit specifies a location of the corresponding base station that has changed due to any one of the movement, deletion, and addition of the base station, based on results of the determination.

Abstract: Provided are a method for determining a moving direction of a terminal and correcting a position thereof, and a positioning apparatus using the same. Relative direction information is estimated based on N pieces of position information of the terminal, and distortion information is removed from the relative direction information to acquire relative direction information without direction integrity. Further, the relative direction information is transmitted into absolute direction information to acquire a moving path direction of the terminal. Next, the position information of the terminal is corrected based on the moving path direction of the terminal.

Abstract: A system for filtering a terminal location by combining WiFi location information and sensor information, the system includes a filter that filters an inaccurate location of a terminal by combining location information calculated from WiFi signals and sensor information, and by using indicators to remove abnormal location information.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for estimating a position of a pedestrian in a virtual reality. A method of estimating a position of a pedestrian walking on a locomotion interface device includes detecting a stance phase based on first sensed data; receiving driving speed information of the locomotion interface device from the locomotion interface device; and estimating a step length of the pedestrian based on second sensed data, in which the step length is estimated in consideration of a driving speed of the locomotion interface device in the stance phase. It is possible to estimate a distance actually traveled by a pedestrian and a position of the pedestrian in a virtual reality.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling virtual training simulation are disclosed herein. The apparatus for controlling virtual training simulation includes a posture recognition unit, a posture information convergence unit, a location recognition processing unit, and a movement device control unit. The posture recognition unit recognizes the posture of a trainee based on the image information of the inside of a virtual training field and motion sensor information. The posture information convergence unit generates converged information by converging the results of the recognition of the posture of the trainee. The location recognition processing unit estimates the current location of the trainee based on the converged information. The movement device control unit controls an omnidirectional movement device in which the trainee is placed using information about the control state of the omnidirectional movement device and the current location of the trainee.

Abstract: Provided are a method for determining a moving direction of a terminal and correcting a position thereof, and a positioning apparatus using the same. Relative direction information is estimated based on N pieces of position information of the terminal, and distortion information is removed from the relative direction information to acquire relative direction information without direction integrity. Further, the relative direction information is transmitted into absolute direction information to acquire a moving path direction of the terminal. Next, the position information of the terminal is corrected based on the moving path direction of the terminal.

Abstract: A system for filtering a terminal location by combining WiFi location information and sensor information, the system includes a filter that filters an inaccurate location of a terminal by combining location information calculated from WiFi signals and sensor information, and by using indicators to remove abnormal location information.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus and method for correcting the location of a base station. The apparatus includes a data collection unit for receiving collected data including collection places and scan data acquired from the collection places from a collection-only terminal, and receiving scan data having no collection places from a user service terminal. A determination unit obtains correlations between respective base stations based on a number of times each base station in an identical search group is found in a search using the collected data or the scan data, and determines whether a base station has been moved, deleted or added, based on the correlations between respective base stations. A location specification unit specifies a location of the corresponding base station that has changed due to any one of the movement, deletion, and addition of the base station, based on results of the determination.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for compensating an estimated location of a wireless network element from information collected by heterogeneous terminals are provided. The method may include receiving information on a received signal strength indication (RSSI) of a wireless network element and location information of a heterogeneous terminal from the heterogeneous terminal by a wireless network element positioning server, compensating the information on the RSSI received from the heterogeneous terminal into information on an RSSI received from a predetermined reference terminal, using a difference value model of the RSSI of the wireless network element between heterogeneous terminals, the difference model generated in advance, and estimating a location of the wireless network element using the compensated information on the RSSI from the reference terminal and the received location information.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for loading a radiomap database (DB) and a terminal device are disclosed. The apparatus for loading a radiomap DB includes a moving information calculation unit, and a loading performance unit. The moving information calculation unit calculates the moving information of a terminal based on the difference between a previous location and estimated final location of the terminal as the terminal moves. The loading performance unit loads a radiomap DB, including information about a neighboring node of each reference point, and a radiomap DB, including information about a neighboring node of a reference point, located in a direction in which the terminal moves, based on the moving information calculated by the moving information calculation unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for recognizing the location of a terminal based on a radio fingerprint map corrects a radio pattern received by a user terminal based on a difference in reception sensitivity between a reference terminal serving as a reference for the creation of a radio fingerprint map and the user terminal, and estimates the location of the user terminal by comparing the corrected radio pattern of the user terminal with the radio patterns in the radio fingerprint map.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a system of estimating a position of a base station comprises a portable collecting device that considers a collection distribution for a plurality of base stations, arbitrarily sets positions of the plurality of base stations, and collects signal strengths transmitted from the plurality of arbitrarily set base stations and a server device that measures the signal strengths received from the portable collecting device, produces a signal attenuation pattern according to a distance between an arbitrarily set base station and the portable collecting device, and estimates a position of the base station according to an error between a signal strength estimated value at a specific point as estimated according to the signal attenuation pattern and an actually measured signal strength measured value at the specific point.

Abstract: A hydraulic circuit for an excavator is provided, which includes at least one first working device control valve having a first traveling control valve and a first boom control valve successively installed along a first center bypass line from a downstream side of a first hydraulic pump, at least one second working device control valve having a second traveling control valve and a second boom control valve successively installed along a second center bypass line from a downstream side of a second hydraulic pump, a third hydraulic pump providing fluid pressure to a swing motor installed on a third center bypass line, a swing control valve installed on a downstream side of the third hydraulic pump and shifted, in accordance with a valve switching signal input from the outside, to supply hydraulic fluid discharged from the third hydraulic pump to the swing motor, and a boom confluence line connected between an output port of the swing control valve and an input port of the boom control value to make the hydrauli

Abstract: A hydraulic system for construction equipment is provided, which can increase the driving speed of a corresponding working device by making hydraulic fluid of a hydraulic pump, which is added to the hydraulic system having two hydraulic pumps in the construction equipment, join hydraulic fluid on the working device side, and can intercept the supply of hydraulic fluid from the working device side to a traveling apparatus side when the working device and the traveling apparatus are simultaneously manipulated.

Abstract: The present inventive concept provides a substrate treating apparatus and an exposing apparatus that a chuck member, a chuck cleaning member including a cleaning tool removing a foreign substance on a substrate loading surface of the chuck member and a tool cleaning member cleaning a cleaning tool are disposed to be adjacent to each other inside a treating room. The present inventive concept also provides a method of cleaning a cleaning tool using a tool cleaning member. According to the above the apparatuses and the method, contamination of a chuck member by a cleaning tool is prevented and a defocus phenomenon caused by a particle on a chuck member during an exposing process can be minimized.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for detecting metal concentration from an area including compounding a solution that includes a metal dissolved by a solvent, and a reagent combined with metal ions dissolved in the solution and referring a difference of absorption rates between a compound of the solvent and reagent and a compound of the solution and reagent.

Abstract: In a composition for etching silicon oxide, and a method of forming a contact hole using the composition, the composition which includes from about 0.01 to about 2 percent by weight of ammonium bifluoride, from about 2 to about 35 percent by weight of an organic acid, from about 0.05 to about 1 percent by weight of an inorganic acid, and a remainder of a low polar organic solvent. The composition may reduce damages to a metal silicide pattern that may be exposed in an etching process performed for forming the contact hole.

Abstract: In a composition for etching silicon oxide, and a method of forming a contact hole using the composition, the composition which includes from about 0.01 to about 2 percent by weight of ammonium bifluoride, from about 2 to about 35 percent by weight of an organic acid, from about 0.05 to about 1 percent by weight of an inorganic acid, and a remainder of a low polar organic solvent. The composition may reduce damages to a metal silicide pattern that may be exposed in an etching process performed for forming the contact hole.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for analyzing contaminants on a wafer. The apparatus includes: a wafer holder for supporting a wafer on which contaminants to be analyzed are located, a laser ablation device for irradiating a laser to the wafer to extract a discrete specimen from the wafer, an analysis cell for collecting a discrete specimen from the surface of the wafer by irradiating the laser, and an analysis device connected to the analysis cell for analyzing contaminants from the collected discrete specimen.

Abstract: A hydraulic circuit for an excavator is provided, which includes at least one first working device control valve having a first traveling control valve and a first boom control valve successively installed along a first center bypass line from a downstream side of a first hydraulic pump, at least one second working device control valve having a second traveling control valve and a second boom control valve successively installed along a second center bypass line from a downstream side of a second hydraulic pump, a third hydraulic pump providing fluid pressure to a swing motor installed on a third center bypass line, a swing control valve installed on a downstream side of the third hydraulic pump and shifted, in accordance with a valve switching signal input from the outside, to supply hydraulic fluid discharged from the third hydraulic pump to the swing motor, and a boom confluence line connected between an output port of the swing control valve and an input port of the boom control value to make the hydrauli