Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses herein provide a handover enhancements for roaming from a source access point (AP) to a target AP. A STA may send a roaming initiation signal to the source AP to indicate a desire to move to a target AP. The STA may receive a roam ready message from the source AP. However, downlink data may have been leaked to the source AP prior to the route switch. The STA may retrieve buffered data from the source AP and new data from the target AP.

Abstract: A communication system is provided in which a Basic Service Set (BSS) privacy enhancement (BPE) access point (AP) communicates with a BPE station (STA). Prior to association, the STA may generate a STA-ID by inputting current addresses of the AP and STA with an AP identity key to a hash algorithm. The STA may use a Pre-Association Security Negotiation (PASN) procedure to discover the AP. The STA may transmit PASN MSG1 including the STA-ID to the AP. The AP may verify that the STA is authorized to receive AP security parameters using the STA-ID. Responsive to successful verification, the AP may transmit PASN MSG2 to the STA. The STA and AP may derive a transient key (TK) using information from the PASN messages and may convey management frames encrypted using the TK. The management frames may be used to associate the STA with the AP.

Abstract: Provided are a heating film, a method for preparing the heating film, a heating tube, and a heating appliance. The heating film has a critical temperature. When a temperature of the heating film is lower than the critical temperature, a resistance of the heating film decreases with an increase in the temperature of the heating film. When the temperature of the heating film is higher than the critical temperature, the resistance of the heating film increases with the increase in the temperature of the heating film.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, components, devices and systems for ranging measurement procedures between two wireless devices that communicate in wide bandwidth networks. Some aspects more specifically relate to null data packet (NDP) transmissions via a 320 megahertz (MHz) bandwidth. In some examples, a first wireless device and a second wireless device may participate in a ranging measurement procedure and may exchange one or more NDPs to facilitate distance measurements and one or both of the first wireless device and the second wireless device may indicate that an associated protocol data unit (PDU) is a 320 MHz ranging NDP (e.g., an NDP of a ranging variant associated with a bandwidth of 320 MHz) via one or more bits of the preamble of the PDU. The one or more bits may be included in a universal signal (U-SIG) field of the preamble of the PDU.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, components, devices and systems for transmission opportunity (TXOP) sharing and resource allocation mechanisms in systems involving multiple peer-to-peer (P2P) sessions. Some aspects more specifically relate to how such mechanisms can facilitate multi-station (STA) TXOP sharing or STA offloading in accordance with relative resource availabilities across a set of access points (APs), or any combination thereof. In some implementations, an AP can allocate respective portions of a resource unit (RU) allocation (during a shared TXOP of the AP) to respective P2P sessions at multiple respective STAs. Additionally, or alternatively, an AP can use transmit power control to facilitate simultaneous TXOP sharing across multiple STAs. Additionally, or alternatively, first AP can offload a STA to a second AP in accordance with relative resource availabilities at the first AP and the second AP. As such, devices may achieve greater scalability for high-density P2P session deployments.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, components, devices, and systems for reconfiguring link characteristics while maintaining links. Some aspects more specifically relate to a first and second wireless communication device establishing a plurality of wireless communication links that are based on or associated with a set of characteristics such as capabilities of the first and second wireless communication devices and association parameters. The first wireless communication device may transmit, to the second wireless communication device, a request to update one of the characteristics while maintaining each wireless communication link of the plurality of wireless communication links. The second wireless communication device may transmit a response to the request that includes an indication about updating the characteristic. Then if the response includes an indication to update the characteristic, the first and second wireless communication devices may communicate according to the updated characteristic.

Abstract: Aspects relate to multi-link communication. In some examples, a communication frame carries a multi-link information element (ML IE). The ML IE includes a bitmap and one or more information sub-elements. In some examples, the bitmap indicates the links of a set of radio links to which the information sub-elements apply. In some examples, a frame may carry multiple ML IEs. In some examples, different ML IEs in the same frame may include the same bitmap, where the different ML IEs may carry different information sub-elements for the radio links indicated by the bitmap. In some examples, an ML IE serves to indicate that information sub-elements that are located in the frame body of the frame at a location that precedes the ML IE in the frame body apply to different radio links than the radio links indicated by the bitmap of the ML IE.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure relate to wireless communications and, more particularly, to multi-link communications. A method that may be performed by an access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) includes establishing a plurality of links for communication with a non-AP MLD, wherein one or more non-AP MLDs, including the non-AP MLD, communicate with the AP on each link of the plurality of links and taking one or more actions designed to ensure that the non-AP MLD is able to receive a group addressed frame. The non-AP MLD is operating in an enhanced multi-link single radio (EMLSR) mode.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide a method for wireless communication at a wireless node, generally including communicating, via a first link, with a first access point (AP) device affiliated with a single mobility domain (SMD) entity, outputting, for transmission to the first AP device, a first message including a first indication that the wireless node is initiating a handover of the wireless node from the first AP device to a second AP device affiliated with the SMD entity, communicating with the second AP device via a second link during the handover after obtaining a second indication that context information has been transferred from the first AP device to the second AP device, and disabling the first link with the first AP device after obtaining a third indication that triggers the wireless node to disable the first link with the first AP device.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A first device may receive signaling associated with a traffic class from a second device. The first device may determine that the traffic class is included in a set of known traffic classes based on a set of features associated with the signaling. In response to determining that the traffic class is included in the set of known traffic classes, the first device may use a machine learning model to obtain a prediction of an application associated with the signaling. The prediction may be based on the set of features. The machine learning model may be trained at the first device or the second device. The first device may receive information associated with the machine learning model from the second device.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, devices and systems for increasing the transmit power of wireless communication devices operating on power spectral density (PSD)-limited wireless channels. Some implementations more specifically relate to signaling in a trigger frame to support distributed transmissions via distributed resource units (dRUs). In some implementations, an access point (AP) may transmit a trigger frame soliciting a trigger-based (TB) physical layer convergence protocol (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU) from a wireless station (STA), where the trigger frame carries RU allocation information identifying a distributed resource unit (dRU) allocated for the STA and carries tone mapping information indicating a selected spreading bandwidth design for the wireless channel or subchannel. The AP can support channel puncturing by selecting a particular spreading bandwidth design that controls how dRUs are mapped to non-contiguous tones spanning respective spreading bandwidths.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, components, devices and systems for coordinated medium access period management for overlapping basic service sets (OBSSs). Some aspects more specifically relate to coordinated medium access between access points (APs) and stations (STAs) of an OBSS. In some examples, a first STA may monitor, over one or more medium access periods, for communications between a neighbor AP and one or more second STAs. The one or more medium access periods may be configured for medium access and resource reservation for communications between the neighbor AP and the one or more second STAs. In some examples, the first STA may transmit to an associated AP, a report indicating the one or more attributes associated with the monitoring over the one or more medium access periods. In some examples, the report may be solicited or unsolicited, and the STA may monitor for communications over one or more measurement windows.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, devices and systems that facilitate mobility of wireless communication devices configured for multi-link operation (MLO). Particular aspects more specifically relate to facilitating fast basic service set (BSS) transitions by wireless communication devices that support MLO. For example, some aspects provide support for station (STA) multi-link device (MLD) roaming between access point (AP) MLDs, from an AP MLD to a non-MLO AP, or from a non-MLO AP to an AP MLD. In some aspects, a STA MLD may be configured to use a medium access control (MAC) service access point address (MAC-SAP address) of the AP MLD when re-associating or communicating with a legacy AP or with an AP MLD. In such aspects, the MAC-SAP address may be used by all STAs of the non-AP MLD for fast BSS transitions.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, devices, and systems for communicating cross-link multi-link signaling (MLS) control signaling in wireless local area networks (WLANs). In various aspects, an apparatus may generate a frame that includes a header including an MLS subfield that includes a set of bits associated with a respective link of a set of links between the first MLD and a second MLD. The apparatus may configure a signaling type (s-type) of the MLS subfield with a value indicating a type of MLS control signaling associated with the MLS subfield, and may configure each bit of a first subset of bits of the MLS subfield with a value indicating that the type of MLS control signaling is applicable to the respective link associated with the bit. Further, the apparatus may output the first frame for transmission to the second MLD on a first link of the set of links.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to methods for performing coordinated beamforming sounding in a wireless local area network. A first access point wireless device can transmit, to a second access point wireless device, an initial control frame that initiates a transmit opportunity for coordinated beamforming sounding. The initial control frame can include an indication of a first duration that is configured for use in determining a network allocation vector. An initial control response that includes an indication of a second duration that is configured for use in determining the network allocation vector can be received from the second access point wireless device. The second duration can be derived from the first duration, for example such that the same network allocation vector can be derived from the indication of the first duration as from the indication of the second duration.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to methods for performing coordinated frame exchange in a wireless local area network. A first access point wireless device and a second access point wireless device can perform announce and response frame exchange for a coordinated data frame exchange. Initial control frame and initial control response exchanges can be performed between the access point wireless devices and associated non-access point wireless devices. A coordinated data frame can be transmitted. One or more block acknowledgement frames can be received in response to the coordinated data frame.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to methods for an enhanced buffer status report (BSR) in a wireless local area network system, e.g., such as an IEEE 802.11 based system in a wireless local area network. A wireless device can determine a queue size of a buffer exceeds a reportable limit via a buffer status report, e.g., that can be reported in a quality of server (QoS) control field and/or a BSR subfield of a medium access control (MAC) header of a frame. In addition, the wireless device can report, e.g., based on the determining, a queue size greater than the reportable limit. The queue size greater than the reportable limit can be reported via the frame, e.g., can be carried in an A-control field of the MAC header of the frame.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, components, devices and systems for channel access techniques in a multi-hop framework for ultra-high reliability (UHR). Some aspects more specifically relate to a transmission opportunity (TXOP) sharing mechanism according to which wireless communication devices can relay data frames along multiple hops within a same TXOP, a coordinated medium access scheme associated with relaying data frames between a root access point (AP) and a wireless station (STA) via multiple service periods, and various signaling mechanisms and frame formats according to which wireless communication devices can exchange or negotiate information associated with a coordinated medium access scheme. In some implementations, a coordinated medium access scheme may be associated with multiple time epochs (each associated with a service period) and differentiated channel access across the multiple time epochs may facilitate the relay with or without TXOP sharing within the associated service periods.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A wireless device that operates in a wireless local area network may include an auxiliary radio and a main radio and may operate in both an auxiliary radio mode and a main radio mode. The auxiliary radio may support both transmitting and receiving or may support receiving only. The wireless device may indicate parameters associated with an auxiliary radio mode and/or with transitioning from the auxiliary radio mode to a main radio mode. The auxiliary radio may perform additional functions while the wireless device communicates with a second wireless device on a wireless link using the main radio. For example, the auxiliary radio may monitor channel metrics of the wireless link, receive and/or transmit control communications with the second wireless device, receive and/or transmit high importance data communications, or scan for and/or initiate connections via other wireless channels.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a first wireless device may transmit, to a second wireless device, a request to configure a target wake time (TWT) schedule for a first link associated with the second wireless device, the request including an indication for TWT alignment with a TWT schedule of a second link associated with a third wireless device, the indication for the TWT alignment indicated within a field that is configured to indicate a TWT start time. The first wireless device may receive, from the second wireless device, a response indicating a TWT start time within the field, the TWT start time based at least in part on the indication for TWT alignment with the TWT schedule of the second link. Numerous other aspects are described.