Abstract: A technique comprising: receiving, at a data analytics function of a core network of a mobile communication system, travel path data from a traffic management entity, wherein the travel path data indicates a travel path for a vehicle comprising a user equipment registered to the mobile communication system; receiving, at the data analytics function, location data for the vehicle transmitted by the user equipment; and in response to detecting an inconsistency between the travel path data for the vehicle and the location data for the vehicle transmitted by the user equipment, outputting a travel path deviation report for the traffic management entity.

Abstract: An apparatus for use by a communication network element or communication network function configured to operate as an analytics entity and having an analytics logical function. The apparatus is caused to: receive a request, from a service consumer, for provision of a custom analytics service, process data retrieved from the request for determining whether a model for providing the requested custom analytics service is prepared, and in case the determination is negative, determine and select a model training entity having a model training logical function which is able to create a model for custom analytics and has access to data required for the requested custom analytics service, request, from the selected model training entity, to obtain a trained model capable of providing the requested custom analytics service and forward the information specifying the custom analytics service to the selected model training entity.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory including computer code for one or more programs, the at least one memory and the computer code configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus at least to: receive one or more rules for storing data or analytics in a storage; determine a storage approach based on the one or more rules for storing data or analytics in the storage; and track data or analytics in the storage and determine whether to store, update or remove all or a portion of the data or analytics in the storage based on the storage approach.

Abstract: There are provided measures for enabling/realizing inference-aware ML (machine learning) model provisioning, e.g. to support network data analytics, in a mobile/wireless communication system. Such measures exemplarily comprise that ML model request information, including model-related information indicating one or more properties of a requested ML model and inference-related information indicating one or more properties of execution of inference based on the requested ML model, is provided from a first network entity (representing a service consumer of a network data analytics service) to a second network entity (representing a service provider of the network data analytics service), the second network entity specifies an ML model to be provisioned based on the ML model request information, and ML model information about the specified ML model is provided from the second network entity to the first network entity.

Abstract: The invention provides for a wireless communications terminal (502), and related system and method, for wirelessly communicating with a network (504, 506). The terminal (502) is arranged to transmit, as part of a wireless connection establishment procedure for forming a wireless connection between the terminal (502) and the network (504, 506), wireless-connection establishment signalling (510) including a small-data indicator to indicate to the network (504) that transmission of an amount of data below a threshold value is required from the terminal (502) by way of the wireless connection to the network (504, 506).

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus comprising means for receiving from a requesting network function, by a network repository function, an access token request, wherein the access token request is related to a network function consumer requesting access to a service provided by a network function producer and comprises an identity of a vendor of the network function consumer requesting access to the service, means for verifying by the network repository function, based at least on the identity of the vendor of the network function consumer, that the network function consumer is allowed to access the service and means for transmitting to the requesting network function, by the network repository function, an access token upon successful verification, wherein the access token generated and signed by the network repository function comprises the identity of the vendor of the network function consumer and an identity of the vendor of the network function produc

Abstract: According to one example embodiment, a method may include receiving, by a repository entity, first information on data related to a network entity. The method may further include storing, by the repository entity, second information related to the network entity based on the first information. The second information may include at least one of an identifier of the network entity and an identifier of a data acquiring entity having acquired the data.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method comprising, receiving, by an intermediary network function, a subscription request from a network function consumer requesting data of a network function producer, wherein the subscription request comprises a client credential assertion of the network function consumer and an access token, authorizing and authenticating, by the intermediary network function, the network function consumer upon successful validation of the access token and the client credential assertion validation and transmitting, by the intermediary network function, an access token request to an authorization server to get another access token, wherein said another access token is to be used to validate the network function consumer to access services of the network function producer, and the access token request comprises the client credential assertion of the network function consumer requesting data of the network function producer.

Abstract: If a first condition for a handover of an analytics calculation for a user equipment by an analytics function is met, the analytics function requests, of at least one other analytics function of the communication network, preparation of the handover of the analytics calculation. If a second condition for the handover of the analytics calculation is met, the analytics function confirms the handover to one of the at least one other analytics function, the analytics calculation for the user equipment at the analytics function being deemed complete.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer program product are provided for enhanced data analytics in multiple network data analytics function (NWDAF) deployments in a communications system. A method can include receiving, from a network function consumer, an analytics request, said analytics request comprising analytics identifications and areas of interest; causing determination of data sources in the communications system that are configured to serve a subset of the areas of interest for the analytics identifications. An analytics information request that includes an aggregation-support indication can be sent to data sources to indicate that the data source should return analytics to the central NWDAF and include metadata to support aggregation of analytics by the central NWDAF. A network repository function (NRF) can be caused to determine which of the multiple NWDAFs in the communications system is the central NWDAF based upon whether NWDAFs have aggregation functionality.

Abstract: A communication system (100) is disclosed which uses system frames of a first and a second type. In a system frame of the first type communication with a mobile telephone (3) is subject to a restriction and in a system frame of the second type communication with said mobile telephone (3) is not subject to said restriction. It is determined whether or not to communicate with said mobile telephone (3), in a current system frame, in dependence on whether the current system frame is a first type of system frame or a second type of system frame.

Abstract: A system is disclosed in which a network entity determines whether a radio bearer should be maintained or released for a communications device. The communications device establishes the radio bearer via a base station of the communications system and communicates data using the established radio bearer. The communications device determines whether any further data is to be sent or received and/or whether a user-plane connection is required. The communications device then provides information to the network entity identifying a result of said determination for use in determining whether the radio bearer should be maintained or released.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product receive a traffic redundancy indication from a user equipment in a communication network or from a policy controller. The method, apparatus and computer program product determine whether traffic redundancy is needed for the radio access network and the user plane function based on the traffic redundancy indication. The method, apparatus and computer program product request the radio access network to not establish redundancy mechanisms in a circumstance where traffic redundancy is not needed for the radio access network. The method, apparatus and computer program product request the user plane function to not establish redundancy mechanisms in a circumstance where traffic redundancy is not needed for the user plane function.

Abstract: A wireless terminal can communicate with a first network of first type and a second network of second different type. The wireless terminal performs a packet-domain attachment to the first network and initiates a ready timer indicating that the wireless terminal is in an attached state and has recently sent data to the first network. The wireless terminal initiates an inter-system change from the first network to the second network whereby the wireless terminal becomes registered to the second network. Advantageously the wireless terminal has means for rendering the ready timer ineffective when the inter-system change is performed. The network apparatus has means for initiating its own ready timer dependent on the attachment occurring, this ready timer also indicating that the wireless terminal is in an attached state and has recently sent data to the first network.

Abstract: A system (1) is disclosed in which a network entity determines whether a radio bearer should be maintained or released for a communications device (2). The communications device (2) establishes the radio bearer via a base station (5) of the communications system (1) and communicates data using the established radio bearer. The communications device (2) determines whether any further data is to be sent or received and/or whether a user-plane connection is required. The communications device (2) then provides information to the network entity identifying a result of said determination for use in determining whether the radio bearer should be maintained or released.

Abstract: A communication system (100) is disclosed which uses system frames of a first and a second type. In a system frame of the first type communication with a mobile telephone (3) is subject to a restriction and in a system frame of the second type communication with said mobile telephone (3) is not subject to said restriction. It is determined whether or not to communicate with said mobile telephone (3), in a current system frame, in dependence on whether the current system frame is a first type of system frame or a second type of system frame.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product receive a traffic redundancy indication from a user equipment in a communication network or from a policy controller. The method, apparatus and computer program product determine whether traffic redundancy is needed for the radio access network and the user plane function based on the traffic redundancy indication. The method, apparatus and computer program product request the radio access network to not establish redundancy mechanisms in a circumstance where traffic redundancy is not needed for the radio access network. The method, apparatus and computer program product request the user plane function to not establish redundancy mechanisms in a circumstance where traffic redundancy is not needed for the user plane function.

Abstract: Preference information is received at a network repository function from a first network function, the preference information indicating one or more optional preferences for a respective second network function or network function service. Information is provided to the first network function about one or more second network functions or network function services, the one or more second network functions or network function services being selected taking into account the preference information.

Abstract: A communication system is disclosed in which a control node generates configuration data for each of a plurality of MMEs operating in overlay networks. The configuration data defines a type of user equipment (UE) or a type of UE traffic to be serviced by each MME. The MME configuration data is provided to a base station and used to control selection of an MME to service a request from a UE. The control node monitors network traffic within and across the overlay networks and can reconfigure one or more MMEs to service different UE traffic types. This allows for improved flexibility in load balancing with overlay networks.

Abstract: The invention provides for a wireless communications terminal (502), and related system and method, for wirelessly communicating with a network (504, 506). The terminal (502) is arranged to transmit, as part of a wireless connection establishment procedure for forming a wireless connection between the terminal (502) and the network (504, 506), wireless-connection establishment signalling (510) including a small-data indicator to indicate to the network (504) that transmission of an amount of data below a threshold value is required from the terminal (502) by way of the wireless connection to the network (504, 506).