Abstract: A piezoelectric element in which a first electrode, a piezoelectric body layer comprised of a composite oxide having a perovskite structure that includes at least Pb, Nb and Ti, and a second electrode are sequentially laminated on a substrate, in which a crystal that configures the piezoelectric body layer has a tetragonal structure, and the crystal is {100} oriented to the substrate, and in which a region having a (100) plane and a region having a (001) plane that are perpendicular with respect to a direction of lamination, are mixed inside a lattice of the crystal.

Abstract: A piezoelectric element includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a piezoelectric layer provided between the first and second electrodes. In the piezoelectric element, the piezoelectric layer is made from a perovskite composite oxide represented by Pb(Ni, Nb, Zr, Ti)O3 and the total of the Ni and Nb contents in the perovskite composite oxide is not less than 1 [mol %] and not more than 5 [mol %] based on a total content of elements contained in a B site.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes a piezoelectric element that is disposed on a flow passage formation substrate, and discharges liquid from nozzle openings through the nozzle openings by pressurizing the liquid which fills the inside of a pressure generating chamber due to the displacement of a vibration film according to driving of the piezoelectric element, the piezoelectric element includes an insulating film formed on the vibration film, a first electrode film formed on the insulating film, a piezoelectric layer formed on the first electrode film, and a second electrode film formed on the piezoelectric layer, and the insulating film includes a lower insulating film formed on the vibration film and an upper insulating film which is formed on the lower insulating film with the same material as that of the lower insulating film, but has a different crystal structure.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid ejecting head including a piezoelectric element which includes a piezoelectric layer and electrodes provided on the piezoelectric layer on an upper portion of a zirconium oxide layer, in which the zirconium oxide layer is formed of granular crystal grains.

Abstract: Provided is a piezoelectric element in which a first electrode, a piezoelectric layer, and a second electrode are sequentially stacked on a substrate, the piezoelectric layer being formed of composite oxide having a perovskite structure which contains at least Pb, Nb, and Ti, in which the piezoelectric layer has a tetragonal crystal structure, the crystal is oriented to {100} against the substrate, and regions are mixed in a crystal lattice, each region including a (100) plane and a (001) plane which are orthogonal to a stacking direction, and the composite oxide of the piezoelectric layer is represented by the following general expression.

Abstract: An electrode is provided with a lanthanum nickelate film which is formed through a chemical solution deposition method using a lanthanum nickelate film forming composition which is obtained by heating a mixed solution obtained by mixing at least lanthanum acetate, nickel acetate, acetic acid, and water, a piezoelectric layer is provided on the lanthanum nickelate film and is formed of a complex oxide having a perovskite structure which contains at least Pb, Ti, and Zr, and a half-width (?) of a peak derived from a (100) plane and/or a peak derived from a (001) plane measured using an X-ray rocking curve method is 6.0 degrees or less.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid ejecting head including a piezoelectric element which includes a piezoelectric layer and electrodes provided on the piezoelectric layer on an upper portion of a zirconium oxide layer, in which the zirconium oxide layer is formed of granular crystal grains.