Abstract: An electronic device includes: a flexible substrate, a device portion supported on the flexible substrate, and a driver circuit portion; and a flexible tube having a water vapor transmission rate of less than 10?3 g/(m2·24 h) and an oxygen transmission rate of less than 10?2 ml/(m2·24 h·MPa), wherein: the flexible tube forms a first seal structure and a second seal structure at both ends thereof, and has a sealed space therein; a part of the flexible substrate and the device portion are inside the sealed space; and a rest of the flexible substrate, other than the part, is outside the sealed space.

Abstract: An electronic device includes: a flexible substrate, a device portion supported on the flexible substrate, and a driver circuit portion; and a flexible tube having a water vapor transmission rate of less than 10?3 g/(m2·24 h) and an oxygen transmission rate of less than 10?2 ml/(m2·24 h·MPa), wherein: the flexible tube forms a first seal structure and a second seal structure at both ends thereof, and has a sealed space therein; a part of the flexible substrate and the device portion are inside the sealed space; and a rest of the flexible substrate, other than the part, is outside the sealed space.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is provided that has favorable display characteristics in a display mode using a vertical electric field and a horizontal electric field. This liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate and a second substrate arranged facing each other, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate. The liquid crystal layer has liquid crystal molecules having a negative dielectric anisotropy, and the first substrate has a plate-shaped first common electrode and a pixel electrode formed in a separate layer from the first common electrode with an insulating film therebetween. The pixel electrode has a comb-shaped structure, and the second substrate has a second common electrode with a liquid crystal orientation structure that is linear in a plan view.

Abstract: This liquid crystal display device (100) includes: a vertical alignment liquid crystal layer (30); first and second substrates (10, 20); first and second electrodes (11, 21) arranged on the first and second substrates to face the liquid crystal layer; and two photo-alignment films (12, 22). Each pixel region includes first and second liquid crystal domains, of which the reference alignment directions defined by the two photo-alignment films are a first direction and a second direction different from the first direction, respectively. The first electrode has a slit cut region (11R1), through which a slit (11s) has been cut to run substantially parallel to the reference alignment direction, in a part of a region allocated to each of the first and second liquid crystal domains. The width (W) of the slit is set so that when the highest grayscale voltage is applied to the first electrode, an effective applied voltage decreases by at least 0.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is provided that has favorable display characteristics in a display mode using a vertical electric field and a horizontal electric field. This liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate and a second substrate arranged facing each other, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate. The liquid crystal layer has liquid crystal molecules having a negative dielectric anisotropy, and the first substrate has a plate-shaped first common electrode and a pixel electrode formed in a separate layer from the first common electrode with an insulating film therebetween. The pixel electrode has a comb-shaped structure, and the second substrate has a second common electrode with a liquid crystal orientation structure that is linear in a plan view.

Abstract: This liquid crystal display device (100) includes: a vertical alignment liquid crystal layer (30); first and second substrates (10, 20); first and second electrodes (11, 21) arranged on the first and second substrates to face the liquid crystal layer; and two photo-alignment films (12, 22). Each pixel region includes first and second liquid crystal domains, of which the reference alignment directions defined by the two photo-alignment films are a first direction and a second direction different from the first direction, respectively. The first electrode has a slit cut region (11R1), through which a slit (11s) has been cut to run substantially parallel to the reference alignment direction, in a part of a region allocated to each of the first and second liquid crystal domains. The width (W) of the slit is set so that when the highest grayscale voltage is applied to the first electrode, an effective applied voltage decreases by at least 0.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display apparatus that features sufficiently fast response and are excellent in transmittance performance. The liquid crystal display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate. Each of the first substrate and the second substrate includes electrodes. The electrodes of the second substrate include a pair of comb substrates and a planar electrode. The liquid crystal display panel is configured to align liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer in a direction horizontal to a substrate main surface in response to an electric field generated between the pair of comb electrodes or an electric field generated between the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal driving method and a liquid crystal display apparatus that achieve a sufficiently fast response, and a sufficiently high transmittance, and reduces transmittance greatly during black image displaying. The liquid crystal driving method includes performing a driving operation to cause a potential difference between a first pair of electrodes during a subframe period, a driving operation to cause a potential difference between a second pair of electrodes, and a driving operation to cause no difference between all the electrodes of the first pairs of electrodes and the second pair of electrodes.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel (2) comprises a liquid crystal layer (30) sandwiched between two substrates (10 and 20) and alignment films (15 and 22) in contact with a liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal panel (2) is of a vertical alignment type which drives the liquid crystal layer (30) by a transverse electric field which is generated between an upper electrode (14) and an lower layer electrode (12). A polar anchoring strength of each of the alignment films (15 and 22) falls within a range from more than 5×10?6 J/m2 to not more than 1×10?4 J/m2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display provided with an electrostatic protection element and an object of the present invention is to provide the liquid crystal display provided with superior redundancy and at the same time a sufficient protection function against static electricity in which relatively low voltage generates for a long period of time.

Abstract: The invention relates to an active matrix type liquid crystal display device and its driving method and provides a liquid crystal display device capable of omitting frame memory in image averaging processing among pixels for improving the smoothness of display and its driving method. For example, by providing an accumulated-charge-averaging TFT circuit which executes averaging of accumulated charges of a sub-pixel among a plurality of sub-pixels constructed within a pixel and adjacent sub-pixels within pixels adjacent thereto, thereby realizing smoothing processing of the display image without using a frame memory.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display provided with an electrostatic protection element and an object of the present invention is to provide the liquid crystal display provided with superior redundancy and at the same time a sufficient protection function against static electricity in which relatively low voltage generates for a long period of time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display provided with an electrostatic protection element and an object of the present invention is to provide the liquid crystal display provided with superior redundancy and at the same time a sufficient protection function against static electricity in which relatively low voltage generates for a long period of time.

Abstract: A thin film transistor matrix device comprises a transparent insulating substrate, a thin film transistor unit, a picture element unit, a storage capacitance unit, a gate terminal unit, and a drain terminal unit, the storage capacitance unit including a storage capacitance electrode formed on the transparent insulating substrate and formed of a metal layer of the same material as the gate electrode; a dielectric film formed on the storage capacitance electrode and formed of an insulating film common with the gate insulating film and a non-doped semiconductor layer of the same material as the semiconductor active layer; and a counter electrode formed on the dielectric film and formed of a doped semiconductor layer of the same material as the semiconductor contact layer and a metal layer of the same material as the source electrode and the drain electrode, the counter electrode being connected to the picture element electrode through a contact hole opened in a protecting film common with the passivation film.

Abstract: A first sheet of photomask is used when a gate electrode and a gate bus line are formed, a second sheet of photomask is used when patterning is applied to a semiconductor film which becomes an active layer of a transistor on the gate electrode, a third sheet of photomask is used when a pixel electrode, a source electrode, a drain electrode, a drain bus line and a drain bus terminal portion are formed, and a fourth sheet of photomask is used when a film on the drain bus terminal portion, the gate bus terminal portion and pixel portion is removed, thereby to form thin film transistors arranged in a matrix form.

Abstract: A first sheet of photomask is used when a gate electrode and a gate bus line are formed, a second sheet of photomask is used when patterning is applied to a semiconductor film which becomes an active layer of a transistor on the gate electrode, a third sheet of photomask is used when a pixel electrode, a source electrode, a drain electrode, a drain bus line and a drain bus terminal portion are formed, and a fourth sheet of photomask is used when a film on the drain bus terminal portion, the gate bus terminal .portion and pixel portion is removed, thereby to form thin film transistors arranged in a matrix form.

Abstract: A thin film transistor matrix device comprises a transparent insulating substrate, a thin film transistor unit, a picture element unit, a storage capacitance unit, a gate terminal unit, and a drain terminal unit, the storage capacitance unit including a storage capacitance electrode formed on the transparent insulating substrate and formed of a metal layer of the same material as the gate electrode; a dielectric film formed on the storage capacitance electrode and formed of an insulating film common with the gate insulating film and a non-doped semiconductor layer of the same material as the semiconductor active layer; and a counter electrode formed on the dielectric film and formed of a doped semiconductor layer of the same material as the semiconductor contact layer and a metal layer of the same material as the source electrode and the drain electrode, the counter electrode being connected to the picture element electrode through a contact hole opened in a protecting film common with the passivation film.

Abstract: A first sheet of photomask is used when a gate electrode and a gate bus line are formed, a second sheet of photomask is used when patterning is applied to a semiconductor film which becomes an active layer of a transistor on the gate electrode, a third sheet of photomask is used when a pixel electrode, a source electrode, a drain electrode, a drain bus line and a drain bus terminal portion are formed, and a fourth sheet of photomask is used when a film on the drain bus terminal portion, the gate bus terminal portion and pixel portion is removed, thereby to form thin film transistors arranged in a matrix form.

Abstract: A first sheet of photomask is used when a gate electrode and a gate bus line are formed, a second sheet of photomask is used when patterning is applied to a semiconductor film which becomes an active layer of a transistor on the gate electrode, a third sheet of photomask is used when a pixel electrode, a source electrode, a drain electrode, a drain bus line and a drain bus terminal portion are formed, and a fourth sheet of photomask is used when a film on the drain bus terminal portion, the gate bus terminal portion and pixel portion is removed, thereby to form thin film transistors arranged in a matrix form.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an active matrix display device, in which particular emphases are laid on the forming step of an insulation layer by the ALE method and the precedent and subsequent steps thereof, thereby insulation layer being anyone among gate insulation layer, inter-busline insulation layer, protection layer and auxiliary capacitor insulation layer comprised in the display device. The method of forming the insulation layer comprises the predetermined number of repeated cycles of the steps of subjecting a substrate to the vapor of a metal inorganic/organic compound, which can react with H.sub.2 O and/or O.sub.2 and form the metal oxide, under molecular flow condition for duration of depositing almost a single atomic layer, and next subjecting the surface of thus formed metal inorganic/organic compound layer to the H.sub.2 O vapor and/or O.sub.2 gas under molecular flow condition for duration of replacing the metal inorganic/organic compound layer to the metal oxide layer.