Abstract: 1

Abstract: A plurality of cells (1a to 1j) are abutted against each other and electrically connected on the short sides of rectangular battery housings (2), and binding plates (14, 14) disposed on both long sides are tied together with binding bands (13) to integrally link the cells (1a to 1j). Because the heat radiation conditions are equalized among the cells (1a to 1j), there is an extremely small temperature differential between the cells, charging efficiency, which varies with temperature conditions, is consistent, and there is no variance in battery capacity, so none of the cells are over-discharged, and battery life is extended.

Abstract: A plurality of cells (1a to 1j) are abutted against each other and electrically connected on the short sides of rectangular battery housings (2), and binding plates (14, 14) disposed on both long sides are tied together with binding bands (13) to integrally link the cells (1a to 1j). Because the heat radiation conditions are equalized among the cells (1a to 1j), there is an extremely small temperature differential between the cells, charging efficiency, which varies with temperature conditions, is consistent, and there is no variance in battery capacity, so none of the cells are over-discharged, and battery life is extended.

Abstract: An ionic current detection apparatus for an internal combustion engine does not generate a false ionic current, and hence it does not generate a false knock component signal either, thereby avoiding an incorrect combustion determination or an incorrect knock determination. The apparatus detects an ionic current generated in spark plugs connected with secondary sides of a plurality of ignition coils, respectively, each of which generates a high ignition voltage immediately after firing of a corresponding combustion chamber. The ignition coils are arranged in such a manner that at least the directions of adjacent ignition coils do not coincide with one another. In addition, the ignition coils are fixed by a fixture, which has arrangement positions for the ignition coils predetermined according to the mounting directions thereof, in such a manner that the directions of adjacent ignition coils do not coincide with one another, the ignition coils being installed on the engine through the fixture.

Abstract: An alkaline storage battery having excellent self-discharge characteristics even after a number of charge-discharge cycles is provided. The alkaline storage battery is provided with a case and an electrode group enclosed in the case, and a separator that is included in the electrode group retains at least 15 mg/cm2 of an electrolyte at least in a period after assembling the battery, from the time the separator is impregnated with the electrolyte to the time the battery is activated.

Abstract: An alkaline storage battery of the present invention includes a battery case and a group of electrodes. The battery case is provided with a resin case and a coating layer made of a resin formed on at least one surface selected from an inner surface and an outer surface of the resin case. The hydrogen permeability coefficient of the resin that is the material of the coating layer is 1×10−15 mol·m/m2·sec·Pa or less.

Abstract: A circuit breaker includes a fixed contact; a movable contact disposed in a rotary-type contact holder; a switching device; an operation handle; and an over-current tripping device. The operation handle is operated to open and close main-circuit contact points through the switching device. The switching device includes a handle lever connected to the operation handle; a toggle linkage having an upper toggle link and a lower toggle link; a switching spring placed between the handle lever and an arm connecting point of the toggle linkage; and a side plate for holding the components. The circuit breaker further includes a device for preventing the operation handle from moving to an off position when the contact points are stuck together. The device includes first stoppers formed on a cross bar of the contact holder and the handle lever facing the cross bar, and a second stopper formed on the side plate.

Abstract: A data processing method is provided whereby, even if communication delay occurs between computer game devices connected through a communication network, data is processed practically simultaneously between the respective computer game devices. When a computer game contest is carried out through a network having communication delay, before the game is started, the delay times between the game devices are found and, using these, synchronization of the time counted by the individual game devices is obtained. Then, during the progress of the game, the operating data signal is processed after the lapse of the longest delay time of the delay times between the game devices measured beforehand after it is generated. In this way, the operating data signal can be processed simultaneously in a plurality of game devices.

Abstract: A data processing method is provided whereby, even if communication delay occurs between computer game devices connected through a communication network, data is processed practically simultaneously between the respective computer game devices. When a computer game contest is carried out through a network having communication delay, before the game is started, the delay times between the game devices are found and, using these, synchronization of the time counted by the individual game devices is obtained. Then, during the progress of the game, the operating data signal is processed after the lapse of the longest delay time of the delay times between the game devices measured beforehand after it is generated. In this way, the operating data signal can be processed simultaneously in a plurality of game devices.

Abstract: Based on an ionic current intensity determined by ionic current intensity learning means for determining the ionic current intensity based on an output from an ionic current detection circuit, at least one of a comparison reference value of a comparison reference value setting means and a control parameter correction amount of control parameter correction request amount setting means is corrected, so that, even in a case where fuel is mixed with additives, and a case where a non-standard spark plug is mounted, the ionic current amount fluctuation is accurately determined even if the amplitude of a knock signal varies due to ionic current intensity fluctuation, and correction of the comparison reference value corresponding to the ionic current intensity, or correction of the control parameter, is performed, to thereby prevent erroneous control based on erroneous knock detection, and securely achieve an excellent knock detection status and knock control status.

Abstract: A circuit breaker includes a movable contact, a fixed contact, a switching device, a switching operation handle, and an over-current tripping device. The switching device has a switching lever connected to the handle, a toggle linkage having an upper link and a lower link for connecting to the movable contact, a tripping mechanism for activating the toggle linkage in response to over-current, and an operation spring tightly stretched between the switching lever and the toggle linkage. A locking member is provided in the switching device for interconnecting the toggle linkage and the switching lever and for restricting a movement range of the switching lever according to an operational position of the toggle linkage. When main-circuit contact points are stuck, the locking member restricts the movement of the switching lever and prevents the handle from moving to the OFF position.

Abstract: A receiver-tank for use in a refrigeration cycle of this invention is provided with a filtering layer 435 formed so that an upper space 402 is formed above the filtering layer 435 in a tank main body 401. An upper end of a refrigerant outlet 441 in a tank bottom wall 421 is opened toward the upper space 402. The refrigerant flowed into the tank main body 401 from the refrigerant inlet 431 passes through the filtering layer 435 upwardly, and forms liquid-stagnation R in the upper space 402. The liquefied refrigerant of liquid-stagnation R flows out of the refrigerant outlet 441. Thereby, only the stable liquefied refrigerant can be extracted more assuredly.

Abstract: A combustion condition detecting apparatus for an internal combustion engine has a current distributor that distributes an ion current, a band pass filter which extracts a knock vibration component from a current distributor output, a knock determination section which outputs a knock pulse if the extracted knock vibration component is larger than a knock detection threshold value, a combustion determination section which outputs a combustion pulse when an current distributor output is larger than a combustion pulse threshold value, an ignition signal determination section which makes a determination on the basis of an ignition signal as to whether energization of an ignition coil for ignition in another cylinder is started, and an ion current limiting section which limits its ion current output to the current distributor during a predetermined time period after the start of energization of the ignition coil for ignition in the another cylinder.

Abstract: This refrigeration system is an orifice-tube system constituting a refrigeration cycle in which a refrigerant passes through a compressor 1, a condenser 10, an orifice-tube 3, an evaporator 4, and an accumulator 5 in this order and then returns to the compressor 1. The condenser 10 is constituted by the so-called multi-flow type heat exchanger having a plurality of passes P1-P3. The intermediate pass P2 is constituted as a decompression pass for decompressing the refrigerant. After condensing the refrigerant by the first pass P1, the condensed refrigerant is decompressed and evaporated by the decompression pass P2, and then the evaporated refrigerant is re-condensed by the third pass P3. This refrigeration system is excellent in response characteristic to thermal load fluctuations and in refrigeration performance.

Abstract: A free space optics communication apparatus which achieves high use efficiency of light and enables free control of the divergent angle of a light beam and the like is disclosed. The free space optics communication apparatus of the present invention has a light source which emits a light beam for performing wireless communication of information, and a minute mirror array unit which consists of a plurality of minute mirrors arranged in a matrix-like form and reflects the light beam emitted from the light source toward another apparatus. The apparatus also has a control unit which controls the directions of the individual minute mirrors constituting the minute mirror array unit independently. The control unit may be used to variably control the number of a plurality of mirror groups formed of a plurality of the minute mirrors in the minute mirror array unit.

Abstract: According to the invention, an inward collar is integrally shaped on the inner periphery of a cylindrical boss portion. The inward collar is raisedly shaped in the axial direction on the inner periphery of the cylindrical boss portion by a top pattern tool having an ironing punch, and a bottom pattern tool having an ironing punch. The ironing process of forming the inward collar is repeated several times by using plural dies to finish the final shape.

Abstract: A misfire detection apparatus of an internal combustion engine. The misfire detection apparatus includes an angle sensor for detecting rotation angle of the internal combustion engine, an ECU for performing fuel injection and ignition control based on rotation information of the angle sensor, an ignition coil for generating a high voltage for ignition based on a drive signal from the ECU, and an spark plug, as the high voltage for ignition of the ignition coil is applied, for generating an ignition spark and igniting an air fuel mixture. The misfire detection apparatus applies a bias voltage to the spark plug, detects an ion current, makes a misfire determination based on the ion current detection, and makes a failure determination based on time change of rotation information of the internal combustion engine when misfires occur successively in a specific cylinder of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: Ion current detection signal output section for outputting an ion current detection signal including a failure determination signal of an ignition operation is provided, and a failure determination as well as a combustion state can be performed based on this ion current detection signal.

Abstract: Based on an ionic current intensity determined by ionic current intensity learning means for determining the ionic current intensity based on an output from an ionic current detection circuit, at least one of a comparison reference value of a comparison reference value setting means and a control parameter correction amount of control parameter correction request amount setting means is corrected, so that, even in a case where fuel is mixed with additives, and a case where a non-standard spark plug is mounted, the ionic current amount fluctuation is accurately determined even if the amplitude of a knock signal varies due to ionic current intensity fluctuation, and correction of the comparison reference value corresponding to the ionic current intensity, or correction of the control parameter, is performed, to thereby prevent erroneous control based on erroneous knock detection, and securely achieve an excellent knock detection status and knock control status.

Abstract: A bidirectional optical space transmission system is made up of a pair of optical transmission apparatus. Each optical transmission apparatus comprises a signal generating circuit for generating a pilot signal, a multiplexing section for multiplexing the pilot signal and a main signal to be transmitted, an electrooptic converter section for emitting an optical signal on the basis of the signal produced by the multiplexing process, a light receiving element for receiving an optical signal transmitted from the partner optical transmission apparatus and detecting a pilot signal contained therein, and a demodulation circuit for demodulating the pilot signal detected by the light receiving element. Pilot signals multiplexed with main signals to be transmitted through the bidirectional optical transmission system are subjected to spreading modulation and demodulated for spreading by the demodulation circuit.