Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring a minute linear or rotational displacement of a linearly movable or rotary member relative to a stationary member, wherein the stationary member is provided with a plurality of photodetectors arranged at regular linear or angular intervals along a predetermined linear or circular length D, and the linearly movable or rotary member is provided with a plurality of narrow slots arranged at regular linear or angular intervals along the same linear or circular length as the above-mentioned linear or circular length. The length D on the stationary member is equally divided by n, which is a positive integer, and each of the photodetectors is positioned at one of the dividing points or positions. The length D on the linearly movable or rotary member is equally divided by n.+-.m, where m is a positive number sufficiently smaller than n, and each of the slots is positioned at one of the dividing points or positions.

Abstract: A glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composition comprising 50 to 85% by weight of a crystalline ethylene-propylene block copolymer which has been graft-modified with itaconic anhydride, 5 to 45% by weight of a glass fiber and 3 to 20% by weight of a polyolefin rubber which has been graft-modified with an unsaturated carboxylic acid (100% by weight in total).

Abstract: A vehicle brake controller provided with an electronic data processor to keep uniform the relationship between the pedal effort and the effectiveness of the brake independently of the change in various driving conditions. Data processor stores an optimum relationship, processes the signals from the sensors, computes a desired deceleration and gives a control signal to the control valve so that the actual deceleration will be equal to the desired deceleration.

Abstract: A wind turbine to convert wind energy into hydraulic energy by a positive displacement hydraulic pump driven by a wind mill. To the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump, a thermo-sensitive control element is attached, which functions when the oil temperature exceeds a certain limit. By the control element, the oil outlet is closed, suppressed, or opened to ensure safety of equipment and for effective use of energy.

Abstract: This invention provides a hydraulic elevator installation in which a variable hydraulic pump supplies pressure fluid to a hydraulic actuator connected to an elevator cage. The hydraulic pump functions to operate as a hydraulic motor with the pressure fluid discharged from the hydraulic actuator when the elevator is descending. The hydraulic pump is driven by an induction motor. The induction motor begins to function as an induction generator, recovering potential energy on the high speed rotation of the hydraulic motor while it is generating electricity. When the hydraulic pump has started its function as the hydraulic motor.

Abstract: A floating type of disc brake is constructed with a fixed member which slidably supports a floating caliper member. The fixed member has two pairs of arm portions which span a rotatable disc and are displaced about the periphery thereof on either side of the floating caliper member. The floating caliper member is provided with a hole for receiving a bolt extending in the axial direction of the disc from one pair of the arm portions and a pin slidingly fitted in a guide slot running in the axial direction of the disc in the other pair of arm portions. The pin and guide slot are provided outside the circumference of the disc so that the floating caliper member can be rotated thereabout when the bolt is removed to facilitate replacement of the friction brake pads. The range of sliding movement of the bolt relative to the hole is displaced in the axial direction of the disc from the range of sliding movement of the pin relative to the guide slot.

Abstract: A hydraulically operated disk brake apparatus for a motor vehicle comprises a brake disk, a caliper-like brake housing disposed to straddle over the brake disk and having a pair of arms, and a pair of brake pad assemblies disposed in the brake housing in opposition to each other with the brake disk being interposed therebetween. The brake pad assemblies are movable toward and from the brake disk. A cylinder chamber is formed in one of the caliper arms and accommodates therein a first piston for pressing the adjacent brake pad assembly to the brake disk and a second piston positioned with a distance from the first piston. The second piston is operated by an externally provided actuator member to produce a hydraulic pressure in the cylinder chamber for moving the first piston and the associated brake pad assembly toward the brake disk. A reservoir for hydraulic fluid is formed in the brake housing to supply supplementary fluid into the cylinder chamber.

Abstract: This invention provides a piston pump in which a cylinder block is provided with a plurality of cylindrical apertures arranged radially with a tilt angle and a plurality of pistons are slidably inserted into each cylindrical aperture of the cylinder block and are held between the cylinder block and a cylindrical holder which is in contact with the outer end face of each piston. The cylinder block is rotatably fitted on the conical periphery of a slidable truncated conical pintle which is held eccentrically from the center of a driven shaft for rotating the cylinder block and the cylindrical holder together therewith. Thus, each piston can be reciprocated for pumping action by rotating the cylinder block together with the cylindrical holder around the conical periphery of the pintle so that each piston can suction up fluid through an arcuate groove formed on the conical periphery of the pintle and communicates with an inlet passage.

Abstract: This invention provides a hydraulic motor with a mechanical brake device in which a brake means is always pressed in position between the case body of the brake device and the brake operating member by the pressing force of plural spring members, and the brake operating member pressing the brake means is slid in the axial direction resisting against the spring members through cam means in response to a driving torque from a drive shaft of a hydraulic motor assembly so that the brake device always can be restrained from rotation of a free rotatable drive shaft during the non-operation of the hydraulic motor assembly and capable to be taken off restraint in response to a driving torque from the drive shaft of a hydraulic motor assembly.

Abstract: A heating system comprises a hydraulic pump, a heat generating chamber, and a driving means for said hydraulic pump, and besides some pipes provided therebetween for connecting them into a closed loop. An orifice is provided at the inlet of said heat generating chamber. Said pipes are filled with a kind of liquid such as oil etc. in advance. Said liquid is forced to be circulated in said pipes through each component, being driven by means of said hydraulic pump wherein the pressed liquid is jetted out into said heat generating chamber through said orifice. Thus, the loss hydraulic energy due to jetting out of the hydraulic liquid will be converted into heat energy which can be utilized as the heat source of said heating system.

Abstract: In a hydraulic motor or pump comprising a casing, a shaft, means journalling said shaft in said casing, an eccentric on said shaft, a bearing block within said casing and about said eccentric and having a bore permitting relative rotation between said bearing block and said eccentric, a plurality of hydraulic cylinders formed and grouped in said bearing block radially about said eccentric in a common plane normal to the axis of said shaft, a plunger slidable in each of said cylinders, said plunger having an outer end face, flat faces of abutments formed in said casing at its internal surface for engagement with said outer end faces of said plungers, respectively, means urging said plunger in the direction of said face abutment of said casing during the operation of said motor or pump, and said bearing block having a port communicating between its bore and the interior of each of said cylinder interior, whereby pressure liquid is admitted to the cylinders in turn one after another during the operation of said