Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst base material and a catalyst which have high strength, high porosity or high activity and methods of producing the catalyst base material and catalyst. The present invention relates to a method of producing a catalyst base material, the method comprising dispersing or dissolving a hydrophilic polymer coagulant as a first component, a water-soluble thickener as a second component, a colloidal inorganic binder as a third component and an inorganic fiber as a fourth component in water to form a catalytic slurry or paste, supporting the catalytic slurry or paste on a net-like substrate such that the meshes of the net-like substrate are filled up with the slurry or paste, by drying and/or calcinating the substrate.

Abstract: A particulate matter-removing filter being resistant to clogging and ash blocking, requiring no special means such as back-washing and heating combustion, and being formed of inexpensive materials; and exhaust emission controlling method and device using this. (1) A particulate-matter-containing exhaust emission controlling filter which uses as a basic unit a pair of porous corrugated sheet and a porous flat sheet that support an exhaust emission controlling catalyst, has a molding formed by laminating the porous corrugated sheets so that their ridge lines alternately cross perpendicularly, has one of side surfaces, perpendicularly crossing the corrugated sheet ridge lines, of the molding or mutually-adjoining two surfaces that are the perpendicularly-crossing side surfaces sealed, and has exhaust gas in-flow passage and out-flow passage respectively formed between porous corrugated sheets via a porous flat sheet.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing of traces of toxic substances from exhaust gas, comprising, disposed in sequence from the upstream side in a flow channel of exhaust gas emitted from combustion equipment, a denitration unit including a denitration catalyst layer capable of removing nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas and capable of oxidizing metallic mercury; an air preheater adapted for heat exchange between air for combustion in the combustion equipment and the exhaust gas; a dust removal unit having a bag filter containing a catalyst for metallic mercury oxidation; and a desulfurization unit for removing sulfur oxide from the exhaust gas. The bag filter may be disposed in advance of the desulfurization unit. Thus, there can be provided an apparatus for removing of traces of toxic substances from exhaust gas that is stable over a prolonged period of time and is highly reliable; and provided a method of operating the same.

Abstract: A catalyst is provided having higher mercury oxidation performance than a conventional catalyst without increasing catalyst quantity or enhancing SO2 oxidation performance and constitutes an oxidation catalyst for metal mercury, which contains a molybdenum and vanadium complex oxide, for example, MoV2O8, as a main component having a catalytic activity and is formed by placing the molybdenum and vanadium complex oxide in layers only on the surface of a plate-like or honeycomb-like porous carrier. The porous carrier contains Ti and W and has a function of an NOx removal catalyst as a whole.

Abstract: A porous material having fine holes with controlled diameters and a catalyst having an active ingredient supported in the fine holes in the porous material are used. According to a first embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the plurality of fine holes is within a range of 8 to 9 ?. The fine hole diameter is preferably from 8 to 9 ? when the diameter is measured in a gas adsorption method in which fine holes with diameters of 3.4 to 14 ? can be measured. The fine hole diameter is also preferably from 8 to 9 ? when the fine hole diameter is calculated from a crystal structure. According to a second embodiment of the invention, the porous material is mesoporous silica. The primary particle diameter of the mesoporous silica is preferably within a range of 150 to 300 nm.

Abstract: The invention realizes a catalyst which is hardly deteriorated even when volatile catalyst-poisoning compounds such as P and As are accumulated and which can reduce the rate of oxidation of SO2 to a level as low as a fraction of that of the catalyst in the prior art, and provides an exhaust gas purification catalyst which can maintain a high activity and a low rate of oxidation of SO2 for a long time even with any diversified coal, a method of producing the same, and an exhaust gas purification method using the same. Disclosed is an exhaust gas purification catalyst having a composition comprising oxides of titanium (Ti), molybdenum (Mo) and/or tungsten (W), vanadium (V) and bismuth (Bi), wherein the atomic ratio of Ti:(Mo and/or W):V is 75 to 98.9:1 to 0.1 to 10 and the atomic ratio of Bi/(Mo and/or W) is 0.1 to 0.8.

Abstract: A method for treating an ammonia (NH3)-containing gas, which comprises causing the NH3-containing gas to pass through a catalyst tower (9) firstly with a pre-treatment catalyst layer (1) having, in parallel, a flow path involving a catalyst layer having the function of oxidizing NH3 to form NO and a flow path involving a catalyst layer not having the above function, and then, contacting the resultant gas with a catalyst layer (2) having in combination, the denitration function and the function of oxidizing NH3 to form NO; and an apparatus for practicing the method.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for producing a NOx catalyst which includes dispersing a hydrated titanium dioxide or dried material, tungstic acid or a salt, and a sol-like material. The sol-like material is formed by dispersing cerium dioxide in a dispersion medium to form a catalyst slurry or paste. Supporting the catalyst slurry or paste is a catalyst carrier.

Abstract: A catalyst mainly containing silicon oxide and vanadium oxide and having an Si/V atomic ratio within the range from 99.5/0.5 to 85/15 is obtained by gelatinizing a liquid mixture of a colloidal silica and a vanadium compound in advance, then mixing the thus-obtained slurry by heating, and finally drying and/or firing the resulting mixture. As a catalyst for oxidizing mercury metal, this catalyst is brought into contact with an exhaust gas containing mercury metal, thereby oxidizing mercury metal.

Abstract: To reduce pressure loss on a heat-exchanger fluid while downsizing a heat exchange and reducing the production cost of the heat exchanger without impairment of the heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger by forming a fluid channel in surfaces of thin metal plates such as stainless steel plates through the use of an etching technique or the like and by improving the shape of the fluid channel. In a heat exchanger in which a plurality of heat exchanger fins are provided in thin metal plates by using an etching technique or the like and a fluid channel for a heat-exchanger fluid is formed between the two opposed thin metal plates by alternately stacking the thin metal plates, the area of the fluid channel, through which the fluid flows between the heat exchanger fins, is made substantially uniform by forming the heat exchanger fins so as to have a curved cross-sectional shape from the front end thereof to the rear end.

Abstract: (1) A particulate material removing filter for an exhaust gas from a diesel engine, which has a laminate manufactured by laminating metal lath plates having an oxidation catalyst layer containing a noble metal for oxidizing NO in an exhaust gas into NO2, in such a manner that drawing directions in the preparation of respective said metal lath plates are alternately different by 90 degrees; (2) a method for treating an exhaust gas which comprises allowing a gas to be treated to flow into the above filter parallel with the metal lath plane of the laminate or in the direction intercepting to the metal lath plane of the laminate, to thereby clarify the exhaust gas from a diesel engine; and (3) an apparatus for treating an exhaust gas which has the above filter disposed at an outlet for an exhaust gas from an diesel engine.

Abstract: A particulate matter-removing filter being resistant to clogging and ash blocking, requiring no special means such as back-washing and heating combustion, and being formed of inexpensive materials; and exhaust emission controlling method and device using this. (1) A particulate-matter-containing exhaust emission controlling filter which uses as a basic unit a pair of porous corrugated sheet and a porous flat sheet that support an exhaust emission controlling catalyst, has a molding formed by laminating the porous corrugated sheets so that their ridge lines alternately cross perpendicularly, has one of side surfaces, perpendicularly crossing the corrugated sheet ridge lines, of the molding or mutually-adjoining two surfaces that are the perpendicularly-crossing side surfaces sealed, and has exhaust gas in-flow passage and out-flow passage respectively formed between porous corrugated sheets via a porous flat sheet.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for treating an effluent containing ammonia in which method and apparatus N2O concentration in the gas at the outlet of a catalyst tower does not rise to a high level even when the NH3 concentration in the effluent was reduced and the amount of hazardous substances formed is small; in the method and apparatus, an NH3-containing effluent A and a carrier gas (steam C and combustion gas F) are contacted in stripping tower 7 to transfer the NH3 from the NH3-containing effluent to a gas phase, the gas containing the generated NH3 is heated with pre-heater 19 and then contacted with catalyst layer 13 placed in catalyst tower 12 to decompose the NH3 into nitrogen and water; and at that time, the oxygen concentration in the gas to be introduced into catalyst tower 12 and the N2O concentration in the gas discharged from catalyst tower 12 are determined by measuring instruments 21 and 22, respectively, and the oxygen concentration in the gas to be introduced into catalyst tower 1

Abstract: To reduce pressure loss on a heat-exchanger fluid while downsizing a heat exchange and reducing the production cost of the heat exchanger without impairment of the heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger by forming a fluid channel in surfaces of thin metal plates such as stainless steel plates through the use of an etching technique or the like and by improving the shape of the fluid channel. In a heat exchanger in which a plurality of heat exchanger fins are provided in thin metal plates by using an etching technique or the like and a fluid channel for a heat-exchanger fluid is formed between the two opposed thin metal plates by alternately stacking the thin metal plates, the area of the fluid channel, through which the fluid flows between the heat exchanger fins, is made substantially uniform by forming the heat exchanger fins so as to have a curved cross-sectional shape from the front end thereof to the rear end.

Abstract: The invention is to provide (i) a catalyst which does not require an activation of catalyst components by means of a calcination which has become a hindrance in the way of obtaining a catalyst having a high activity through a conventional technology and in which catalyst the compositing of vanadium with molybdenum is contemplated more than enough; ii) a method for producing the catalyst; (iii) a catalyst having an activity, especially having an activity at low temperatures and a durability both greatly increased; (iv) a catalyst compound for purifying an exhaust gas, in which compound the ratio of vanadium atom to molybdenum atom (V/Mo) is 3/2 or close thereto and which compound is expressed by the rational formula (NH4)xMo2VxO(3x+6) wherein x is 2.8 to 3.2; and (v) a method for producing the catalyst compound through a step for reacting molybdenum oxide (MoO3) with ammonium metavanadate (NH4VO3) in the co-presence of water for a prescribed period of time.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides which comprises dispersing a hydrated titanium (Ti) oxide or dried material thereof, tungstic acid or a salt thereof, and cerium (Ce) dioxide in a dispersion medium to form a sol-like material, mixing the sol-like material with an aqueous medium to form a catalyst slurry or paste, supporting the catalyst slurry or paste on a catalyst carrier, and then calcinating the carrier; in which catalyst the Ce dioxide is prevented from being embedded in the Ti oxide to realize such a high degree of dispersion of the Ce dioxide on the surface of the Ti oxide as comparable with the case wherein cerium ions are dispersed in micro voids of a zeolite by ion exchange; and the catalyst is free from the occurrence of such phenomena as sintering of the Ti oxide, and deterioration of zeolite with steam when a zeolite is used as carrier.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and apparatuses for treating an ammonia-containing effluent in which the amount of hazardous substances such as NOx formed at the time of starting the operation of the apparatus or even at the time when the concentration of ammonia (NH3) in the gas to be subjected to an NH3 decomposing step (described below) was changed is extremely small; in which method an NH3-containing effluent A and vapor (carrier gas) C are contacted in stripping tower 7 to transfer the NH3 from the effluent to a gas phase, a gas containing the NH3 stripped in the tower is heated with pre-heater 1 and then contacted with catalyst 13 to decompose the NH3 into nitrogen and water, the concentration of the NOx (or N2O) contained in the gas resulted at the NH3 decomposing step is determined, and one or more of parameters (a) the amount of the effluent to be supplied to the stripping step, (b) the concentration of the NH3 contained in the effluent, and (c) the flow rate of the NH3-containing gas contacted with the cataly

Abstract: A reactor core cooling structure of the present invention comprises cooling gas flow-in slits for making a cooling gas flow in a circular reactor core, which slits are provided at an outer graphite cylinder for covering an outside of the circular reactor core; cooling gas flow-out slits for making the cooling gas flow in a circular reactor core, which slits are provided at an inner graphite cylinder for covering an inside of the circular reactor core; a circular cooling gas flow path that is provided at an outside of the outer graphite cylinder, and is connected to an inlet piping of the cooling gas at a foot of the outer graphite cylinder; and an inner cooling gas flow path that is provided at an inside of the inner graphite cylinder, and is connected to an outlet piping of the cooling gas at a foot of the inner graphite cylinder.

Abstract: The catalyst structure of the present invention for purifying an exhaust gas is preferable for increasing the contact of an exhaust gas, to be treated, with a catalyst by disturbing the flow of the exhaust gas in a gas flow passage thereby obtain a highly efficient and compact apparatus for treating the exhaust gas. Such catalyst structure is produced by forming two or more catalyst elements each supporting a catalyst component on its surface and having flat plate portions and level-changing portions formed alternately therein with the angle formed between the flat plate portion and the level-changing portion being in a specific range, and then stacking the catalyst elements in a frame. A catalyst structure is also obtained by stacking a large number of the catalyst elements described above through metallic, ceramic, or glass netlike members interposed therebetween and each having a large number of perforated holes.

Abstract: In a condenser of a steam turbine facility, which conventionally releases exhaust heat thereof into the ocean or the air, liquid carbon dioxide (approximately 20° C., approximately 5.7 MPa), instead of the ocean water or air as conventionally used, is used as a cooling medium, and heat recovery is carried out utilizing boiling heat transfer having high heat-removing performance. Gaseous carbon dioxide resultantly generated is directly used as an operational heat medium of a heat pump, and a pressure thereof is raised to 12 MPa or so, thereby a temperature thereof is raised to recover heat of 80° C. or so, which is provided for heating, etc. Thereafter, the pressure is lowered to condense the carbon dioxide into liquid phase (approximately 20° C., approximately 5.7 MPa), and is used for cooling in the condenser again. Accordingly, exhaust heat can be recovered and recycled economically, and restricted from being released to an outside environment.