Abstract: A microelectromechanical (MEMS) device includes a substrate, a movable element over the substrate, and an actuation electrode above the movable element. The movable element includes a deformable layer and a reflective element. The deformable layer is spaced from the reflective element.

Abstract: A device is provided, having an anode, a cathode, and two adjacent organic layers disposed between the anode and the cathode. One organic layer is a phosphorescent emissive material. The other organic layer may comprise an aromatic hydrocarbon material, comprising an aromatic non-heterocyclic hydrocarbon core optionally substituted, and wherein the substituents are the same or different, and each is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroalkyl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl and heterocyclic groups. The second organic layer may comprise a material having a molecular dipole moment less than about 2.0 debyes, such that the device has an unmodified external quantum efficiency of at least about 3% and a lifetime of at least about 1000 hours at an initial luminance of about 100 to about 1000 cd/m2.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus to facilitate edge routing among a plurality of microelectromechanical devices arranged in a mosaic or array. In one aspect, the disclosed implementations modify the construction of a movable layer, such that portions of the movable layer, in addition to serving their original functions, also facilitate routing from a single edge of the device. In some implementations, portions of the movable layer are re-oriented to achieve edge routing, while in others, the orientation remains the same but electrical connections are altered.

Abstract: A device is provided, having an anode, a cathode, and two adjacent organic layers disposed between the anode and the cathode. One organic layer is a phosphorescent emissive material. The other organic layer may comprise an aromatic hydrocarbon material, comprising an aromatic non-heterocyclic hydrocarbon core optionally substituted, and wherein the substituents are the same or different, and each is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroalkyl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl and heterocyclic groups. The second organic layer may comprise a material having a molecular dipole moment less than about 2.0 debyes, such that the device has an unmodified external quantum efficiency of at least about 3% and a lifetime of at least about 1000 hours at an initial luminance of about 100 to about 1000 cd m2.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical (MEMS) device includes a substrate, a movable element over the substrate, and an actuation electrode above the movable element. The movable element includes a deformable layer and a reflective element. The deformable layer is spaced from the reflective element.

Abstract: Interferometric modulators and methods of making the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, an interferometric display includes a sub-pixel having a membrane layer with a void formed therein. The void can be configured to increase the flexibility of the membrane layer. The sub-pixel can further include an optical mask configured to hide the void from a viewer. In another embodiment, an interferometric display can include at least two movable reflectors wherein each movable reflector has a different stiffness but each movable reflector has substantially the same effective coefficient of thermal expansion.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical (MEMS) device includes a substrate, a movable element over the substrate, and an actuation electrode above the movable element. The movable element includes a deformable layer and a reflective element. The deformable layer is spaced from the reflective element.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the mitigation of stiction in MEMS devices. In some embodiments, a MEMS device may be provided with one or more restoration features that provide an assisting mechanical force for mitigating stiction. The restoration feature may be implemented as one or more deflectable elements, where the deflectable elements may have various configurations or shapes, such as a chevron, cross, and the like. For example, the restoration feature can be a cantilever that deflects when at least one component comes into contact or proximity with another component. Multiple restoration features also may be employed and placed strategically within the MEMS device to maximize their effectiveness in mitigating stiction.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the mitigation of stiction in MEMS devices. In some embodiments, a MEMS device may be provided with one or more restoration features that provide an assisting mechanical force for mitigating stiction. The restoration feature may be implemented as one or more deflectable elements, where the deflectable elements may have various configurations or shapes, such as a chevron, cross, and the like. For example, the restoration feature can be a cantilever that deflects when at least one component comes into contact or proximity with another component. Multiple restoration features also may be employed and placed strategically within the MEMS device to maximize their effectiveness in mitigating stiction.

Abstract: Method and apparatus to reduce or eliminate stiction and image retention in interferometric display devices are disclosed. In some embodiments, a display element comprises a plurality of interferometric modulator devices configured in a matrix, each interferometric modulator device having a movable reflective layer and a plurality of supporting posts, the plurality of posts defining a post spacing distance in at least one direction that is greater for one or more interferometric modulator devices disposed adjacent to an edge of the display element than one or more interferometric modulator devices disposed nonadjacent to an edge of the display element.

Abstract: Disclosed is a conventional organic light emitting diode (OLED) having one reflective electrode in combination with at least one transparent OLED in stacked configuration functioning as backlighting in a transflective display apparatus such as a liquid crystal display (LCD). Preferably, at least two transparent OLEDs are arranged in a stacked configuration with one conventional OLED, each of the three OLEDs emitting light of a different bandwidth. The reflective electrode located behind the backlight also serves as a reflecting plate for the display. This arrangement enhances reflectivity and permits color sequencing in the transmissive mode, allowing all the components of a full color display (i.e. red, green, blue) to emit through the same pixel without the need for a color filter.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the mitigation of stiction in MEMS devices. In some embodiments, a MEMS device may be provided with one or more restoration features that provide an assisting mechanical force for mitigating stiction. The restoration feature may be implemented as one or more deflectable elements, where the deflectable elements may have various configurations or shapes, such as a chevron, cross, and the like. For example, the restoration feature can be a cantilever that deflects when at least one component comes into contact or proximity with another component. Multiple restoration features also may be employed and placed strategically within the MEMS device to maximize their effectiveness in mitigating stiction.

Abstract: MEMS devices such as interferometric modulators are described having movable layers that are mechanically isolated. The movable layers are electrically attractable such that they can be selectively moved between a top and bottom electrode through application of a voltage. In interferometric modulators, the movable layers are reflective such that an optically resonant cavity is formed between the layer and a partially reflective layer, thereby providing a display pixel that can be turned on or off depending on the distance between the reflective layers in the resonant cavity.

Abstract: Method and apparatus to reduce or eliminate stiction and image retention in interferometric display devices are disclosed. In some embodiments, a display element comprises a plurality of interferometric modulator devices configured in a matrix, each interferometric modulator device having a movable reflective layer and a plurality of supporting posts, the plurality of posts defining a post spacing distance in at least one direction that is greater for one or more interferometric modulator devices disposed adjacent to an edge of the display element than one or more interferometric modulator devices disposed nonadjacent to an edge of the display element.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical (MEMS) device includes a first reflective layer, a movable element, and an actuation electrode. The movable element is over the first reflective layer. The movable element includes a deformable layer and a reflective element. The actuation electrode is between the deformable layer and the reflective element.

Abstract: A plurality of dichroic filters are included in multifunction photovoltaic cells to increase efficiency. For example, in a multi-junction photovoltaic cell comprising blue, green, and red active layers, blue, green, and red dichroic filters that reflect blue, green, and red light, respectively, may be disposed proximal to the blue, green, and red active layers to reflect back light not absorbed on the first past. The dichroic filters may be used to demultiplex white light incident on the PV cell and deliver suitable wavelengths to the appropriate active layer, e.g., blue wavelengths to the blue active layer, green wavelengths to the green active layer, red wavelengths to the red active layer. The PV cell may additionally be interferometrically tuned to increase absorption efficiency. Accordingly, optical resonant layers and cavities may be employed in certain embodiments.

Abstract: MEMS devices such as interferometric modulators are described having movable layers that are mechanically isolated. The movable layers are electrically attractable such that they can be selectively moved between a top and bottom electrode through application of a voltage. In interferometric modulators, the movable layers are reflective such that an optically resonant cavity is formed between the layer and a partially reflective layer, thereby providing a display pixel that can be turned on or off depending on the distance between the reflective layers in the resonant cavity.

Abstract: A device is provided, having an anode, a cathode, and two adjacent organic layers disposed between the anode and the cathode. One organic layer is a phosphorescent emissive material. The other organic layer may comprise an aromatic hydrocarbon material, comprising an aromatic non-heterocyclic hydrocarbon core optionally substituted, and wherein the substituents are the same or different, and each is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroalkyl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl and heterocyclic groups. The second organic layer may comprise a material having a molecular dipole moment less than about 2.0 debyes, such that the device has an unmodified external quantum efficiency of at least about 3% and a lifetime of at least about 1000 hours at an initial luminance of about 100 to about 1000 cd m2.

Abstract: An organic light emitting device is provided. The device has an anode, a cathode, and an emissive layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The emissive layer further comprising an emissive material having the structure: M is a metal having an atomic weight greater than 40. R5 is an aromatic group. The emissive material itself is also provided. The emissive material provides an improved stability and efficiency.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical (MEMS) device includes a first reflective layer, a movable element, and an actuation electrode. The movable element is over the first reflective layer. The movable element includes a deformable layer and a reflective element. The actuation electrode is between the deformable layer and the reflective element.