Abstract: An apparatus for a vehicle includes a cooling fan installed in an engine compartment of the vehicle. A fan motor is connected with the cooling fan to drive the cooling fan. A state detector is configured to detect state data, and a controller is configured to control the cooling fan based on the state data when an intake temperature is within a predetermined range, to determine whether the state data satisfies a decision reference condition, and to lock the fan motor according to a change rate of air conditioner refrigerant pressure during a measurement time when the state data satisfies the decision reference condition.

Abstract: A compressor control apparatus for a vehicle includes: a compressor configured to compress coolant of an air conditioner; a coolant temperature measurement unit configured to measure a coolant temperature; a data detector configured to detect state data for controlling the compressor; and a controller configured to determine an operation rate of the compressor based on the coolant temperature and the state data, and operate the compressor based on the operation rate of the compressor.

Abstract: The disclosure herein relates to a vehicle compressor control apparatus and control method, and more particularly to a vehicle compressor control apparatus for controlling compressor operating rate to allow braking according to brake negative pressure, while maintaining a minimum level of operation of the compressor. By preventing compressor deactivation during braking, the control apparatus assists in preventing moisture build-up of moisture on a windshield that decreases visibility for a driver and increases safety concerns. The apparatus includes: a compressor that reduces a temperature by compressing an air conditioner coolant; a data sensor that detects status data; and a controller that determines whether a brake negative pressure margin rate meets a first reference value when the status data satisfy a predetermined condition, and sets a compressor operating accordingly when the brake negative pressure margin rate meets a first reference value.

Abstract: An apparatus for a vehicle includes a cooling fan installed in an engine compartment of the vehicle. A fan motor is connected with the cooling fan to drive the cooling fan. A state detector is configured to detect state data, and a controller is configured to control the cooling fan based on the state data when an intake temperature is within a predetermined range, to determine whether the state data satisfies a decision reference condition, and to lock the fan motor according to a change rate of air conditioner refrigerant pressure during a measurement time when the state data satisfies the decision reference condition.

Abstract: The disclosure herein relates to a vehicle compressor control apparatus and control method, and more particularly to a vehicle compressor control apparatus for controlling compressor operating rate to allow braking according to brake negative pressure, while maintaining a minimum level of operation of the compressor. By preventing compressor deactivation during braking, the control apparatus assists in preventing moisture build-up of moisture on a windshield that decreases visibility for a driver and increases safety concerns. The apparatus includes: a compressor that reduces a temperature by compressing an air conditioner coolant; a data sensor that detects status data; and a controller that determines whether a brake negative pressure margin rate meets a first reference value when the status data satisfy a predetermined condition, and sets a compressor operating accordingly when the brake negative pressure margin rate meets a first reference value.

Abstract: A method for forming a PN junction in graphene includes: forming a graphene layer, and forming a DNA molecule layer on a partial region of the graphene layer, the DNA molecule layer having a nucleotide sequence structure designed to provide the graphene layer with a predetermined doping property upon adsorption on the graphene layer. The DNA molecule has a nucleotide sequence structure designed for doping of graphene so that doped graphene has a specific semiconductor property. The DNA molecule is coated on the surface of the graphene layer of which the partial region is exposed by micro patterning, and thereby, PN junctions of various structures may be formed by a region coated with the DNA molecule and a non-coated region in the graphene layer.

Abstract: A compressor control apparatus for a vehicle includes: a compressor configured to compress coolant of an air conditioner; a coolant temperature measurement unit configured to measure a coolant temperature; a data detector configured to detect state data for controlling the compressor; and a controller configured to determine an operation rate of the compressor based on the coolant temperature and the state data, and operate the compressor based on the operation rate of the compressor.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a compressor of a vehicle capable of turning-on/off a compressor based on coolant pressure of an air conditioner in the winter and a method thereof are provided. The control apparatus includes a compressor that is configured to reduce a temperature by compressing a coolant of an air conditioner and a controller that is configured to operate the compressor, to confirm an operation coolant pressure of the air conditioner after operating the compressor. The controller also operates the compressor based on the operation coolant pressure of a measured coolant pressure of the air conditioner when an ambient temperature of the vehicle is less than a reference temperature.

Abstract: A method for forming a PN junction in graphene includes: forming a graphene layer, and forming a DNA molecule layer on a partial region of the graphene layer, the DNA molecule layer having a nucleotide sequence structure designed to provide the graphene layer with a predetermined doping property upon adsorption on the graphene layer. The DNA molecule has a nucleotide sequence structure designed for doping of graphene so that doped graphene has a specific semiconductor property. The DNA molecule is coated on the surface of the graphene layer of which the partial region is exposed by micro patterning, and thereby, PN junctions of various structures may be formed by a region coated with the DNA molecule and a non-coated region in the graphene layer.

Abstract: Disclosed are a device for detecting a single photon available at a room temperature, which includes: a signal transmitting unit including a first electrode and a second electrode spaced apart from each other and at least one nanostructure disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first electrode receiving a signal from the signal generating unit; a photonic crystal lattice structure for receiving a photon, the photonic crystal lattice structure having an optical waveguide for guiding the received photon to the first electrode, the optical waveguide being formed by a plurality of dielectric structures; and a single photon detector for detecting a photon by analyzing a signal output to the second electrode, and a method for detecting a single photon using the device.

Abstract: Provided is a home appliance storage virtualization apparatus including a recognizer to recognize a plurality of home appliances that is disposed in a home network and includes storages, a file system to manage the storages of the plurality of home appliances as a single storage space, and a storage manager to control the plurality of home appliances to access the single storage space using the file system.

Abstract: Provided is a handover method of a wireless communication system using a hierarchical cellular scheme. In the method, signal quality of a serving node is measured, so that whether to start scanning for a handover is determined. When the scanning for the handover starts, signal qualities of a serving cell including the serving node and one or more neighbor cells are measured through a first preamble including a first identifier for distinguishing a cell. An intra-cell handover or an inter-cell handover is selected using the signal qualities of the serving cell and the neighbor cells. Therefore, a terminal can easily distinguish between the inter-cell handover and the intra-cell handover, and an overhead during a handover can be reduced because an intra-cell handover procedure is simplified.

Abstract: Provided is a handover method of a wireless communication system using a hierarchical cellular scheme. In the method, signal quality of a serving node is measured, so that whether to start scanning for a handover is determined. When the scanning for the handover starts, signal qualities of a serving cell including the serving node and one or more neighbor cells are measured through a first preamble including a first identifier for distinguishing a cell. An intra-cell handover or an inter-cell handover is selected using the signal qualities of the serving cell and the neighbor cells. Therefore, a terminal can easily distinguish between the inter-cell handover and the intra-cell handover, and an overhead during a handover can be reduced because an intra-cell handover procedure is simplified.