Abstract: A system for battery charging includes at least one processor; and at least one memory including instructions which when executed causes the at least one processor to a least: determine, based on a first output from a charging source and a second output from a pressure sensor, a differential pressure with respect to charge. Such systems are applicable to methods of charging batteries and can be used in charging batteries in electric cars and mobile devices.

Abstract: In rechargeable batteries having an Mn2+/MnO2 electrode and have an aqueous electrolyte, we discovered that by tuning the operating temperature of battery cycling we can manipulate the deposited phase from ?-MnO2 with low conductivity to ?-MnO2 with two orders of magnitude increase in electronic conductivity. We demonstrated that the highly conductive ?-MnO2 could be effectively exploited for ultrahigh areal loading electrode, and a normalized areal loading of 33 mAh cm?2 was achieved within 3 hours. At a mild temperature of 50° C., cells were cycled with an ultrahigh areal loading of 20 mAh cm?2 (1-2 orders of magnitude higher than previous studies) for over 200 cycles with only 13% capacity loss.

Abstract: A method of regulating a temperature of a human body includes: (1) providing an article of clothing including a textile, wherein the textile includes at least one porous layer including a polyolefin; and (2) placing the article of clothing adjacent to the human body. The porous layer has pores having an average pore size in a range of 50 nm and 1000 nm.

Abstract: A free-radical in-situ polymerization semi-solid-state battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a semi-solid electrolyte. The semi-solid electrolyte is formed through in-situ polymerization by adding a polymerizable monomer, a plasticizer and an initiator into a liquid electrolyte. The polymerizable monomer is a combination of vinylene carbonate (VC) and trimethylene carbonate (TMC) with a mass ratio of 20 to 35:0.1 to 1.5. By optimizing the components of the gel electrolyte, the impedance of the battery is reduced, the performance of the battery is improved, the hardness of the gel electrolyte is enhanced, the solid-solid interface in the battery is benefited, and the safety of the battery is improved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a secondary battery electrolyte, which includes a composite electrolyte salt; the composite electrolyte salt comprises lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium difluorosulfonate, and lithium sulfide salts; the lithium sulfide salts include substituted sulfates (R1—SO3—Li) and/or sulfonate structure lithium salts (R2—O—SO3—Li). The present invention employs a combination of LiPF6, lithium sulfide salts, and LiFSI, where LiFSI exhibits better hydrolysis stability, superior thermal stability, and higher lithium migration capability, significantly enhancing the battery's kinetics and high-temperature performance. Lithium sulfates and sulfonate structure lithium salts also possess high lithium migration capabilities. Moreover, their anion groups rich in S and O form films that improve the composition of the SEI film and reduce membrane impedance, thereby enhancing the battery's kinetic and high-temperature performance.

Abstract: A current collector assembly includes an insulating substrate having a first main surface and a second main surface on the opposite side to the first main surface, a cathode current collector provided on the first main surface, and an anode current collector provided on the second main surface, in which the insulating substrate, the cathode current collector, and the anode current collector are porous bodies.

Abstract: A secondary battery is provided and including a positive electrode and a negative electrode. A negative electrode includes: a negative electrode current collector; a first negative electrode layer provided on the negative electrode current collector and containing graphene; a lithium metal layer provided on the first negative electrode layer, containing lithium metal, and not including graphene; and a second negative electrode layer provided on the lithium metal layer and containing graphene. In a state in which the potential of the negative electrode is 0 V (vs Li/Li+), the first negative electrode layer includes lithium alloy particles containing lithium and a metal that forms an alloy with lithium, and a mass fraction of the lithium alloy particles in the first negative electrode layer is larger than a mass fraction of the lithium alloy particles in the second negative electrode layer.

Abstract: Provided herein are solvents for an electrolyte of a battery comprising fluorinated compounds of the present disclosure, batteries comprising: an anode structure including an anode current collector, a cathode structure including a cathode current collector and a cathode material disposed on the cathode current collector, and the electrolyte of the disclosure. Also provided herein are layers of a battery, comprising a fluorinated polymer compounds of the present disclosure.

Abstract: Described here is an air filter comprising a substrate and a network of polymeric nanofibers deposited on the substrate, wherein the air filter a removal efficiency for PM2.5 of at least 70% when a light transmittance is below 50%. Also described here is an electric air filter comprising a first layer adapted to receive a first electric voltage, wherein the first layer comprises an organic fiber coated with a conductive material. Further described is an air filter for high temperature filtration, comprising a substrate and a network of polymeric nanofibers deposited on the substrate, wherein the air filter has a removal efficiency for PM2.5 of at least 70% at a temperature of a least 70° C.

Abstract: Example implementations include a current collector device with a first substantially planar metallic layer including a foil material, and a core layer including a polymer and phosphate fire retardant and disposed by a first planar surface thereof on a first planar surface of the first metallic layer. Example implementations also include a method of manufacturing a core layer for a current collector device, by combining benzene and oxy dianiline at a first ratio in a solvent to form a solution, adding dianhydride to the solution at a second ratio, adding triphenyl phosphate to the solution, polymerizing the solution by heating the solution to form a polymerized solution; and forming a polymer film from the polymerized solution. Example implementations also include a temperature modulating layer including a temperature modulating material and disposed by a first planar surface thereof on a second planar surface of the first core layer.

Abstract: A real-time audio stream associated with a user is segmented into one or more chunks of audio. The one or more segmented chunks of audio are provided to an audio understanding model. It is determined that the user is finished with their turn in a conversation. In response to determining that the user has finished with their turn in the conversation, a response is provided based on the real-time audio stream.

Abstract: The present embodiments relate generally to stable cycling of metallic lithium under high current densities and realistic cell conditions based on a flower-like nanostructured hard carbon host (CF). In embodiments, CF is both intercalated with lithium ions and plated with lithium metal to render a hybrid lithium-ion/lithium-metal anode capacity. The hybrid cells showed >99% CE up to 12 mA/cm2 (4 mAh/cm2) and >99.5% CE up to 16 mA/cm2 (2.5 mAh/cm2) with commercial carbonate electrolyte. The stability of the hybrid anodes was attributed to uniform lithium plating morphology and fast ion diffusion pathways enabled by the open-pore nanostructures of CF.

Abstract: A method including: receiving, from an application executing on a computing device and by an authentication process executing on the computing device, data representative of user credentials corresponding to the application, the authentication process being isolated from the application; packaging, by the authentication process, the data representative of user credentials with a device identification assigned to the computing device and an indication that the user credentials correspond to the application, the device identification being hidden from the application; outputting for transmission, by the authentication process and to an authentication server, an authentication request containing the packaged user credentials and device identification; receiving, by the authentication process and from the authentication server, an indication of authentication of the user credentials; and forwarding the received indication from the authentication process to the application.

Abstract: A salt-philic solvent-phobic (SP2) polymer coating on a lithium anode, sodium anode, or a silicon anode selectively transports salt over solvent and is configured to promote salt-derived SEI formation on the anode. The SP2 coating can include a polymer backbone, a first side chain comprising a first moiety having salt affinity, and a second side chain comprising a second moiety immiscible with polar aprotic solvents.

Abstract: This application is a 371 National Stage of International Application No. PCT/US2020/028141, filed Apr. 14, 2020, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/835,954, filed Apr. 18, 2019, each of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.

Abstract: The present embodiments relate generally to electrolytes for energy storage devices and more particularly to a family of fluorinated acetal molecules as the solvent component for the electrolytes. The present embodiments are directed to electrolytes comprising one or more fluorinated acetal molecules as solvents, and one or more salts, wherein the salts are soluble in the solvents. The electrolytes can be formulated with or without any additional solvents, diluents, or additives. The fluorinated acetal molecules comprise molecular formula of R1-O-CH2-O-R2, wherein R1 and R2 are hydrocarbon, fluorocarbon, or hydrofluorocarbon chains. The products of some embodiments include di(2-fluoroethoxy)methane (F1DEM) and bis(2,2-difluoroethoxy)methane (F2DEM). The obtained electrolytes enable high Coulombic efficiency, quick stabilization of electrodes, good compatibility with high-voltage cathodes, fast ion transport, and low overpotential.

Abstract: Provided are a standing coke-making furnace, a coke-making system and a method thereof.

Abstract: A piston pin hole friction and wear test and torque measurement device in power machinery field, comprising a driving system, a torque measurement system, a loading system, a temperature control system, an oil supply system and a central controller. The driving system simulates the oscillation of the connecting rod. The loading system simulates the time-varying cylinder pressure load. The oil supply system and the oil channels of the connecting rod, bushing, and piston pin simulate the oil supply state. The torque measurement system comprises a total friction torque measurement device and a small head bushing hole friction torque measurement device, and measures the friction torque at the piston pin seat hole and the piston pin small head hole in real time. The temperature control system simulates the thermal load. The present application carries out tests based on actual components and realizes real-time measurement of friction torques.

Abstract: A piston pin hole friction and wear test and torque measurement device in power machinery field, comprising a driving system, a torque measurement system, a loading system, a temperature control system, an oil supply system and a central controller. The driving system simulates the oscillation of the connecting rod. The loading system simulates the time-varying cylinder pressure load. The oil supply system and the oil channels of the connecting rod, bushing, and piston pin simulate the oil supply state. The torque measurement system comprises a total friction torque measurement device and a small head bushing hole friction torque measurement device, and measures the friction torque at the piston pin seat hole and the piston pin small head hole in real time. The temperature control system simulates the thermal load. The present application carries out tests based on actual components and realizes real-time measurement of friction torques.

Abstract: A real-time audio stream associated with a user is segmented into one or more chunks of audio. The one or more segmented chunks of audio are provided to an audio understanding model. It is determined that the user is finished with their turn in a conversation. In response to determining that the user has finished with their turn in the conversation, a response is provided based on the real-time audio stream.