Abstract: Provided herein are solvents for an electrolyte of a battery comprising fluorinated compounds of the present disclosure, batteries comprising: an anode structure including an anode current collector, a cathode structure including a cathode current collector and a cathode material disposed on the cathode current collector, and the electrolyte of the disclosure. Also provided herein are layers of a battery, comprising a fluorinated polymer compounds of the present disclosure.

Abstract: Described here is an air filter comprising a substrate and a network of polymeric nanofibers deposited on the substrate, wherein the air filter a removal efficiency for PM2.5 of at least 70% when a light transmittance is below 50%. Also described here is an electric air filter comprising a first layer adapted to receive a first electric voltage, wherein the first layer comprises an organic fiber coated with a conductive material. Further described is an air filter for high temperature filtration, comprising a substrate and a network of polymeric nanofibers deposited on the substrate, wherein the air filter has a removal efficiency for PM2.5 of at least 70% at a temperature of a least 70° C.

Abstract: Example implementations include a current collector device with a first substantially planar metallic layer including a foil material, and a core layer including a polymer and phosphate fire retardant and disposed by a first planar surface thereof on a first planar surface of the first metallic layer. Example implementations also include a method of manufacturing a core layer for a current collector device, by combining benzene and oxy dianiline at a first ratio in a solvent to form a solution, adding dianhydride to the solution at a second ratio, adding triphenyl phosphate to the solution, polymerizing the solution by heating the solution to form a polymerized solution; and forming a polymer film from the polymerized solution. Example implementations also include a temperature modulating layer including a temperature modulating material and disposed by a first planar surface thereof on a second planar surface of the first core layer.

Abstract: A real-time audio stream associated with a user is segmented into one or more chunks of audio. The one or more segmented chunks of audio are provided to an audio understanding model. It is determined that the user is finished with their turn in a conversation. In response to determining that the user has finished with their turn in the conversation, a response is provided based on the real-time audio stream.

Abstract: The present embodiments relate generally to stable cycling of metallic lithium under high current densities and realistic cell conditions based on a flower-like nanostructured hard carbon host (CF). In embodiments, CF is both intercalated with lithium ions and plated with lithium metal to render a hybrid lithium-ion/lithium-metal anode capacity. The hybrid cells showed >99% CE up to 12 mA/cm2 (4 mAh/cm2) and >99.5% CE up to 16 mA/cm2 (2.5 mAh/cm2) with commercial carbonate electrolyte. The stability of the hybrid anodes was attributed to uniform lithium plating morphology and fast ion diffusion pathways enabled by the open-pore nanostructures of CF.

Abstract: A method including: receiving, from an application executing on a computing device and by an authentication process executing on the computing device, data representative of user credentials corresponding to the application, the authentication process being isolated from the application; packaging, by the authentication process, the data representative of user credentials with a device identification assigned to the computing device and an indication that the user credentials correspond to the application, the device identification being hidden from the application; outputting for transmission, by the authentication process and to an authentication server, an authentication request containing the packaged user credentials and device identification; receiving, by the authentication process and from the authentication server, an indication of authentication of the user credentials; and forwarding the received indication from the authentication process to the application.

Abstract: A salt-philic solvent-phobic (SP2) polymer coating on a lithium anode, sodium anode, or a silicon anode selectively transports salt over solvent and is configured to promote salt-derived SEI formation on the anode. The SP2 coating can include a polymer backbone, a first side chain comprising a first moiety having salt affinity, and a second side chain comprising a second moiety immiscible with polar aprotic solvents.

Abstract: This application is a 371 National Stage of International Application No. PCT/US2020/028141, filed Apr. 14, 2020, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/835,954, filed Apr. 18, 2019, each of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.

Abstract: The present embodiments relate generally to electrolytes for energy storage devices and more particularly to a family of fluorinated acetal molecules as the solvent component for the electrolytes. The present embodiments are directed to electrolytes comprising one or more fluorinated acetal molecules as solvents, and one or more salts, wherein the salts are soluble in the solvents. The electrolytes can be formulated with or without any additional solvents, diluents, or additives. The fluorinated acetal molecules comprise molecular formula of R1-O-CH2-O-R2, wherein R1 and R2 are hydrocarbon, fluorocarbon, or hydrofluorocarbon chains. The products of some embodiments include di(2-fluoroethoxy)methane (F1DEM) and bis(2,2-difluoroethoxy)methane (F2DEM). The obtained electrolytes enable high Coulombic efficiency, quick stabilization of electrodes, good compatibility with high-voltage cathodes, fast ion transport, and low overpotential.

Abstract: Provided are a standing coke-making furnace, a coke-making system and a method thereof.

Abstract: A piston pin hole friction and wear test and torque measurement device in power machinery field, comprising a driving system, a torque measurement system, a loading system, a temperature control system, an oil supply system and a central controller. The driving system simulates the oscillation of the connecting rod. The loading system simulates the time-varying cylinder pressure load. The oil supply system and the oil channels of the connecting rod, bushing, and piston pin simulate the oil supply state. The torque measurement system comprises a total friction torque measurement device and a small head bushing hole friction torque measurement device, and measures the friction torque at the piston pin seat hole and the piston pin small head hole in real time. The temperature control system simulates the thermal load. The present application carries out tests based on actual components and realizes real-time measurement of friction torques.

Abstract: A piston pin hole friction and wear test and torque measurement device in power machinery field, comprising a driving system, a torque measurement system, a loading system, a temperature control system, an oil supply system and a central controller. The driving system simulates the oscillation of the connecting rod. The loading system simulates the time-varying cylinder pressure load. The oil supply system and the oil channels of the connecting rod, bushing, and piston pin simulate the oil supply state. The torque measurement system comprises a total friction torque measurement device and a small head bushing hole friction torque measurement device, and measures the friction torque at the piston pin seat hole and the piston pin small head hole in real time. The temperature control system simulates the thermal load. The present application carries out tests based on actual components and realizes real-time measurement of friction torques.

Abstract: A real-time audio stream associated with a user is segmented into one or more chunks of audio. The one or more segmented chunks of audio are provided to an audio understanding model. It is determined that the user is finished with their turn in a conversation. In response to determining that the user has finished with their turn in the conversation, a response is provided based on the real-time audio stream.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for a watermark-based message queue. One of the methods includes receiving a first connection request for messages associated with a user device. A first connection session is established with the user device. A message queue of messages associated with the user device is identified, each message in the message queue is associated with a respective timestamp, and the message queue is associated with a current watermark that identifies a first timestamp. An oldest message in the message queue at the time the first connection session was established is identified. An updated watermark that identifies a second timestamp associated with the oldest message is associated with the message queue. One or more messages that have a timestamp newer than or equal to the first timestamp identified by the current watermark is provided to the user device.

Abstract: Example implementations include a textile apparatus for transporting perspiration and heat, the textile apparatus including a substantially planar and heat-conducting substrate including at least one recess, and a textile film including one or more fibers disposed in contact with at least one substantially planar surface of the substrate and at least one surface of the recess. Example implementations also include a method of manufacturing a textile apparatus for transporting perspiration and heat, the method including forming a nanofiber solution, extruding one or more nanofibers from the nanofiber solution, forming one or more recesses in a substantially planar surface of a substrate, and integrating one or more of the nanofibers with the substantially planar surface of the substrate and at least one surface of the recesses.

Abstract: A device for measuring a diameter error of a roller for threaded pair transmission in the technical field of power machinery, comprising a roller fixing device, a laser measuring device, a screw driving device, and a roller to be measured. The roller fixing device comprises a fixing rod, a supporting structure, guide rails, nut-bolt pairs and a fixing beam, to fix the roller. The laser measuring device comprises pressing columns, laser sensors, laser receiving plates, laser sensor placement plates and moving structures, which ensure the verticality of the roller. The screw driving device comprises ball screw pairs, bearings, nuts, nut connecting bolts and cranks, to drive the moving structures to ensure the distance between the laser measuring device and the roller. The roller diameter error measuring device of the present disclosure is simple to operate, has fewer human influence factors, and has high measurement accuracy.

Abstract: A molecular design principle utilizes a steric hindrance effect to tune the solvation structures of Li+ ions. By substituting the methoxy groups on DME with larger-sized ethoxy groups, the resulting 1,2-diethoxyethane (DEE) has weaker solvation ability and consequently more anion-rich inner solvation shells, both of which enhance interfacial stability at cathode and anode. According to certain additional aspects, the present embodiments relate to a family of fluorinated-1,2-diethyoxyethane (fluorinated-DEE) molecules that are readily synthesized in large scales to use as the electrolyte solvents. Selected positions on 1,2-diethyoxyethane (DEE, distinct from the diethyl ether are functionalized with various numbers of fluorine atoms through iterative tuning, to reach a balance between CE, oxidative stability, and ionic conduction. Paired with 1.2 M lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI), these fluorinated-DEE-based, single-salt single-solvent electrolytes are thoroughly characterized.

Abstract: A conformal graphene-encapsulated battery electrode material is formed by: (1) coating a battery electrode material with a metal catalyst to form a metal catalyst-coated battery electrode material; (2) growing graphene on the metal catalyst-coated battery electrode material to form a graphene cage encapsulating the metal catalyst-coated battery electrode material; and (3) at least partially removing the metal catalyst to form a void inside the graphene cage.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for methods of post-treating an etch stop or a passivation layer in a thin film transistor to increase the stability behavior of the thin film transistor.

Abstract: A semi-solid state battery includes a cell and a gel electrolyte. The cell includes a cathode plate and an anode plate, in which a three-dimensional network structure coating is set on the cathode plate and/or the anode plate. Raw materials for preparing the three-dimensional network structure coating include a fiber material and an initiator. The gel electrolyte is condensed by a reaction of electrolyte precursor solution and the initiator. The electrolyte precursor solution includes a monomer and a cross-linking agent. A semi-solid state battery of this type has low resistance, high specific capacity, and good electrical performance and safety performance.