Abstract: In some embodiments, the present disclosure relates to an integrated chip. The integrated chip includes a lower electrode structure disposed over one or more interconnects. The one or more interconnects are arranged within a lower inter-level dielectric (ILD) structure over a substrate. A barrier is arranged along a lower surface of the lower electrode structure. The barrier separates the lower electrode structure from the one or more interconnects. An amorphous initiation layer is over the lower electrode structure and a ferroelectric material is on the amorphous initiation layer. The ferroelectric material has a substantially uniform orthorhombic crystalline phase. An upper electrode is over the ferroelectric material.

Abstract: A control system includes a plurality of driving circuits coupled in series, which include a first driving circuit and a second driving circuit. The first driving circuit includes a first receiver, a first transmitter and a first flag signal selector. The first transmitter is coupled to the first receiver, and the first flag signal selector is coupled between the first receiver and the first transmitter. The second driving circuit, coupled to the first driving circuit, includes a second receiver, a second transmitter and a second flag signal selector. The second transmitter is coupled to the second receiver, and the second flag signal selector is coupled between the second receiver and the second transmitter.

Abstract: In some embodiments, the present disclosure relates to an integrated chip. The integrated chip includes a first interconnect dielectric layer over a substrate and surrounding a first interconnect. A second interconnect dielectric layer is over the first interconnect dielectric layer and surrounds at least a part of a second interconnect. A bottom electrode is over the substrate, a top electrode is over the bottom electrode, and a ferroelectric layer is between the bottom electrode and the top electrode. The ferroelectric layer includes a lower horizontally extending portion, an upper horizontally extending portion arranged above the lower horizontally extending portion, and a vertically extending portion coupling the lower horizontally extending portion and the upper horizontally extending portion. The vertically extending portion extends through the first interconnect dielectric layer and the second interconnect dielectric layer.

Abstract: Systems and methods of automatically extracting summaries of video content are described herein. A data processing system can access, from a video database, a first video content element including a first plurality of frame. The data processing system can select an intervallic subset of the first plurality of frames of the first video content element. The data processing system can calculate, for each of a plurality of further subsets comprising a predetermined number of frames from the intervallic subset, a score for the further subset. The data processing system can identify, from the plurality of further subsets, a further subset having a highest score. The data processing system can select a portion of the first video content element comprising the frames of the further subset having the highest score. The data processing system can generate a second video content element comprising the selected portion of the first video content element.

Abstract: A method of scanning a display panel having a plurality of rows of pixels includes steps of: generating a first accumulated number; calculating a first scan number according to the first accumulated number; scanning a present row of pixels having the first scan number among the plurality of rows of pixels; accumulating the first accumulated number to generate a second accumulated number; calculating a second scan number according to the second accumulated number; and scanning a next row of pixels having the second scan number among the plurality of rows of pixels after scanning the present row of pixels. Wherein, the plurality of rows of pixels are scanned in a scan order different from a numbering order of the plurality of rows of pixels.

Abstract: A composite optical film comprises a first optical film and a second optical film disposed on the first optical film, wherein the first optical film comprises a first substrate; a plurality of reversed prisms disposed on a bottom surface of the first substrate; and a first diffusion film disposed over a top surface of the first substrate; and the second optical film comprises a first PET film thereon having a first set of prisms and a second PET film having a second set of prisms thereon, wherein the first PET film and the second PET film are laminated together.

Abstract: In some embodiments, the present disclosure relates to an integrated chip that includes one or more interconnect dielectric layers arranged over a substrate. A bottom electrode is disposed over a conductive structure and extends through the one or more interconnect dielectric layers. A top electrode is disposed over the bottom electrode. A ferroelectric layer is disposed between and contacts the bottom electrode and the top electrode. The ferroelectric layer includes a first lower horizontal portion, a first upper horizontal portion arranged above the first lower horizontal portion, and a first sidewall portion coupling the first lower horizontal portion to the first upper horizontal portion.

Abstract: A touch event processing circuit includes receiving circuits and an average circuit. Each of the receiving circuits includes an operation amplifier, a current processing circuit, and a touch event detection circuit. The operation amplifier receives an input signal from a touch panel, and outputs a first current signal and a second current signal. The current processing circuit processes the first current signal and the second current signal according to a first current average signal and a second current average signal, to generate a processed current signal. The touch event detection circuit detects a touch event according to the processed current signal. The average circuit receives first current signals and second current signals from the receiving circuits; performs an average operation upon the first current signals, to generate the first current average signal; and performs an average operation upon the second current signals, to generate the second current average signal.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a control method of a display driver. The control method includes receiving address information and defining an IC address according to the address information. The IC address includes n bits representing k zones, and n and k are positive integers. The control method further includes receiving the IC address, a black frame data signal and a pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal, and turning on or off the plurality of LEDs in the corresponding zone according to toggle of bit in the black frame data signal. Each bit in the black frame data signal indicates that a plurality of LEDs in a zone among the k zones are turned on or off.

Abstract: A touch event processing circuit includes receiving circuits and an average circuit. Each of the receiving circuits includes an operation amplifier, a current processing circuit, and a touch event detection circuit. The operation amplifier receives an input signal from a touch panel, and outputs a first current signal and a second current signal. The current processing circuit processes the first current signal and the second current signal according to a first current average signal and a second current average signal, to generate a processed current signal. The touch event detection circuit detects a touch event according to the processed current signal. The average circuit receives first current signals and second current signals from the receiving circuits; performs an average operation upon the first current signals, to generate the first current average signal; and performs an average operation upon the second current signals, to generate the second current average signal.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a control method of a display driver. The control method includes receiving address information and defining an IC address according to the address information. The IC address includes n bits representing k zones, and n and k are positive integers. The control method further includes receiving the IC address, a black frame data signal and a pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal, and turning on or off the plurality of LEDs in the corresponding zone according to toggle of bit in the black frame data signal. Each bit in the black frame data signal indicates that a plurality of LEDs in a zone among the k zones are turned on or off.

Abstract: A display driving integrated circuit (IC) and a driving parameter adjustment method thereof are provided. The display driving IC includes a control circuit and a driving parameter determination circuit. The control circuit controls a current driving circuit and a scanning circuit according to a driving parameter, wherein the current driving circuit is suitable for driving multiple driving lines of a light emitting diode (LED) array, and the scanning circuit is suitable for driving multiple scanning lines of the LED array. The driving parameter determination circuit is coupled to the control circuit to provide the driving parameter. The driving parameter determination circuit dynamically adjusts the driving parameter for a target LED in the LED array according to a grayscale value of the target LED.

Abstract: A touch event processing circuit includes receiving circuits and an average circuit. Each of the receiving circuits includes an operation amplifier, a current processing circuit, and a touch event detection circuit. The operation amplifier receives an input signal from a touch panel, and outputs a first current signal and a second current signal. The current processing circuit processes the first current signal and the second current signal according to a first current average signal and a second current average signal, to generate a processed current signal. The touch event detection circuit detects a touch event according to the processed current signal. The average circuit receives first current signals and second current signals from the receiving circuits; performs an average operation upon the first current signals, to generate the first current average signal; and performs an average operation upon the second current signals, to generate the second current average signal.

Abstract: A display driving integrated circuit (IC) and a driving parameter adjustment method thereof are provided. The display driving IC includes a control circuit and a driving parameter determination circuit. The control circuit controls a current driving circuit and a scanning circuit according to a driving parameter, wherein the current driving circuit is suitable for driving multiple driving lines of a light emitting diode (LED) array, and the scanning circuit is suitable for driving multiple scanning lines of the LED array. The driving parameter determination circuit is coupled to the control circuit to provide the driving parameter. The driving parameter determination circuit dynamically adjusts the driving parameter for a target LED in the LED array according to a grayscale value of the target LED.

Abstract: A touch event processing circuit includes a plurality of receiving circuits and an average circuit. Each of the plurality of receiving circuits includes a first integrator circuit, a resistor, and a touch event detection circuit. The first integrator circuit is arranged to receive an input signal that includes a voltage sensing signal from a touch panel, and output a first integrated voltage signal. The resistor has a first terminal coupled to an output terminal of the first integrator circuit and a second terminal. The touch event detection circuit is arranged to detect a touch event according to the output from the second terminal of the resistor and a voltage average signal. The average circuit is arranged to: receive a plurality of first integrated voltage signals from the plurality of receiving circuits; and perform an average operation upon the plurality of first integrated voltage signals, to generate the voltage average signal.

Abstract: A touch controller coupled to a touch sensor panel and arranged to detect touch events on the touch sensor panel includes a sensing circuit. The sensing circuit includes an integrator circuit and a reference voltage controlling circuit. The integrator circuit includes a first input node coupled to a sensing node for receiving a sensing signal, a second input node coupled to a guard trace disposed adjacent to the touch sensor panel and an output node outputting an integrated signal. The reference voltage controlling circuit includes a switch coupled between the second input node of the integrator circuit and a voltage source providing a reference voltage. The switch is closed during a pre-charge period to charge a voltage on the guard trace to the reference voltage in beginning of a sensing period and is opened after the pre-charge period.

Abstract: A control system includes a plurality of driving circuits coupled in series, which include a first driving circuit and a second driving circuit. The first driving circuit includes a first receiver, a first transmitter and a first flag signal selector. The first transmitter is coupled to the first receiver, and the first flag signal selector is coupled between the first receiver and the first transmitter. The second driving circuit, coupled to the first driving circuit, includes a second receiver, a second transmitter and a second flag signal selector. The second transmitter is coupled to the second receiver, and the second flag signal selector is coupled between the second receiver and the second transmitter.

Abstract: A touch controller coupled to a touch sensor panel and arranged to detect touch events on the touch sensor panel includes a sensing circuit. The sensing circuit includes an integrator circuit and a reference voltage controlling circuit. The integrator circuit includes a first input node coupled to a sensing node for receiving a sensing signal, a second input node coupled to a guard trace disposed adjacent to the touch sensor panel and an output node outputting an integrated signal. The reference voltage controlling circuit includes a switch coupled between the second input node of the integrator circuit and a voltage source providing a reference voltage. The switch is closed during a pre-charge period to charge a voltage on the guard trace to the reference voltage in beginning of a sensing period and is opened after the pre-charge period.

Abstract: A control system includes a plurality of driving circuits coupled in series, which includes a first driving circuit and a second driving circuit. The first driving circuit includes a first receiver, a first transmitter and a replica receiver. The first transmitter is coupled to the first receiver, and the replica receiver is coupled to an output terminal of the first transmitter. The second driving circuit, coupled to the first driving circuit, includes a second receiver and a second transmitter. The second receiver is coupled to the first transmitter, and the second transmitter is coupled to the second receiver.

Abstract: A driving device and a driving method of a display panel are provided. The driving device includes a current source and a control circuit. The current source makes a driving current flow through a light-emitting element path of a sub-pixel circuit of the display panel. During a display line period, the driving current has a normal current amount, and the control circuit controls a first switch in the light-emitting element path to adjust a duty cycle of the driving current in the light-emitting element path. During a sensing period, the driving current has a sensing current amount less than the normal current amount, the control circuit turns on the first switch, and the control circuit checks a voltage in the light-emitting element path to determine whether a light-emitting element in the light-emitting element path is open (or whether the light-emitting element is provided in the light-emitting element path).