Abstract: A pixel is included, the pixel including a photoelectric conversion portion configured to convert incident light to a charge by photoelectric conversion and accumulate the charge, a charge transfer unit configured to transfer the charge generated in the photoelectric conversion portion, a diffusion layer to which the charge is transferred through the charge transfer unit, the diffusion layer having a predetermined storage capacitance, a conversion unit configured to convert the charge transferred to the diffusion layer to a pixel signal, and connection wiring configured to connect the diffusion layer and the conversion unit. The connection wiring is connected to the diffusion layer and the conversion unit through contact wiring extending in a vertical direction with respect to a semiconductor substrate on which the diffusion layer is formed and is formed closer to the semiconductor substrate than other wiring provided in the pixel.

Abstract: An active matrix substrate includes a thin film transistor including an oxide semiconductor layer, an interlayer insulating layer covering the thin film transistor, a pixel electrode provided above the interlayer insulating layer and electrically connected to the thin film transistor, a common electrode provided between the pixel electrode and the interlayer insulating layer, a first dielectric layer provided between the common electrode and the pixel electrode, and an alignment film covering the pixel electrode. The first dielectric layer includes a plurality of openings each of which exposes a part of the common electrode and includes the alignment film positioned therein.

Abstract: In the image forming apparatus, a controller applies a collection voltage to a cleaning roller by a voltage application part in image formation process. After making a toner image formed on an outer circumferential surface of an image carrier and transferred to a transfer-objective member, the controller predicts a toner charging level of after-transfer remaining toner which results after the transfer of the toner image, and changes at least either one of absolute value or polarity of the collection voltage applied to the cleaning roller in response to the toner charging level.

Abstract: In the image forming apparatus, a controller applies a collection voltage to a cleaning roller by a voltage application part in image formation process. The controller adjusts the collection voltage applied to the cleaning roller on bases of uncollected toner quantity of a toner image and residual charge of an image carrier, the uncollected toner being part of after-transfer remaining toner which results after formation of the toner image on an outer circumferential surface of the image carrier and transfer of the toner image onto a transfer-objective member, and which has missed being collected by the cleaning roller so as to remain even after one-round rotation of the image carrier.

Abstract: In the image forming apparatus, a controller makes a reference image formed on an outer circumferential surface of an image carrier and transferred to a belt. Then, uncollected toner of the reference image, which is part of after-transfer remaining toner of the reference image that has missed being collected so as to remain even after one-round rotation of the image carrier, is transferred to the belt. The controller measures a collectable toner quantity corresponding to an applied voltage of the cleaning roller on a basis of an uncollected toner quantity estimated based on a toner concentration of the uncollected toner, and executes such adjustment that the collectable toner quantity becomes equal to or larger than a maximum value of the after-transfer remaining toner quantity and moreover the applied voltage becomes equal to or lower than a maximum applicable voltage.

Abstract: An active matrix substrate includes a pixel TFT provided corresponding to each pixel region, a pixel electrode electrically connected to the pixel TFT, a plurality of gate wirings extending in a row direction, and a plurality of source wirings extending in a column direction. Each gate wiring has a multilayer structure including a lower gate wiring electrically connected to a lower gate electrode included in the pixel TFT and an upper gate wiring electrically connected to an upper gate electrode included in the pixel TFT. In a case where the number of the gate wirings is defined as m and the number of the source wirings is defined as n, each gate wiring has 3 or more and less than n contact portions, each contact portion is positioned in any of n intersection regions, and the number of the contact portions overlapping each source wiring is less than m.

Abstract: A vinyl alcohol-based polymer according to one embodiment of the present invention has an integral value (e) of 0.8 to 20 in the case when a sum of the following integral value (a) to (e) is 100 in a 1H-NMR spectrum (a) integral value of peak confirmed at 5.70 to 5.96 ppm (b) integral value of peak confirmed at 5.97 to 6.63 ppm (c) integral value of peak confirmed at 6.64 to 7.55 ppm (d) integral value of peak confirmed at 7.56 to 7.81 ppm (e) integral value of peak confirmed at 7.82 to 8.04 ppm.

Abstract: A polyvinyl alcohol film comprising a vinyl alcohol-based polymer, wherein, when the polyvinyl alcohol film is measured by a solid echo method using pulse NMR at 80° C. for waveform separation of a free induction decay curve of 1H spin-spin relaxation into three curves derived from three components a component A, a component B, and a component C in order of short relaxation time, the component A has a resulting relaxation time of 0.0083 milliseconds or more and 0.0093 milliseconds or less, and a resulting component ratio of 10% or more and 35% or less.

Abstract: An active matrix substrate includes a pixel TFT provided corresponding to each pixel region, a pixel electrode electrically connected to the pixel TFT, a plurality of gate wirings extending in a row direction, and a plurality of source wirings extending in a column direction. Each gate wiring has a multilayer structure including a lower gate wiring electrically connected to a lower gate electrode included in the pixel TFT and an upper gate wiring electrically connected to an upper gate electrode included in the pixel TFT. In a case where the number of the gate wirings is defined as m and the number of the source wirings is defined as n, each gate wiring has 3 or more and less than n contact portions, each contact portion is positioned in any of n intersection regions, and the number of the contact portions overlapping each source wiring is less than m.

Abstract: A method of differentiating a primordial germ cell into a primordial follicle in vitro includes culturing a primordial germ cell and a supporting cell adjacent to the primordial germ cell under a pressurized condition or a low oxygen concentration condition.

Abstract: A set circuit in a unit circuit in a gate driver of a display device includes a setting transistor, a first auxiliary transistor, and a second auxiliary transistor. The setting transistor includes a source terminal connected to an internal node, a gate terminal connected to a set input terminal, and a drain terminal connected to the set input terminal via the first auxiliary transistor and also connected to an input terminal via the second auxiliary transistor in a diode-connected form. Each transistor is controlled to be in an on state and an off state during normal drive and is controlled to be in the off state and the on state during a pause period by a control signal supplied to the input terminal.

Abstract: A pixel is included, the pixel including a photoelectric conversion portion configured to convert incident light to a charge by photoelectric conversion and accumulate the charge, a charge transfer unit configured to transfer the charge generated in the photoelectric conversion portion, a diffusion layer to which the charge is transferred through the charge transfer unit, the diffusion layer having a predetermined storage capacitance, a conversion unit configured to convert the charge transferred to the diffusion layer to a pixel signal, and connection wiring configured to connect the diffusion layer and the conversion unit. The connection wiring is connected to the diffusion layer and the conversion unit through contact wiring extending in a vertical direction with respect to a semiconductor substrate on which the diffusion layer is formed and is formed closer to the semiconductor substrate than other wiring provided in the pixel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyvinyl alcohol film comprising a vinyl alcohol-based polymer, wherein, when the polyvinyl alcohol film is measured by a solid echo method using pulse NMR at 60° C. for waveform separation of a free induction decay curve of 1H spin-spin relaxation into three curves derived from three components a component A, a component B, and a component C in order of short relaxation time, the component B has a resulting relaxation time of 0.03 milliseconds or more and 0.05 milliseconds or less, and a resulting component ratio of 30% or more and 50% or less. From the polyvinyl alcohol film according to the present invention, a polarizing film having good polarization performance can be manufactured without the occurrence of unevenness of dyeing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyvinyl alcohol film comprising a vinyl alcohol-based polymer, the polyvinyl alcohol film having an NMR signal intensity at 0.10 milliseconds of 78% or less of the initial intensity, when the polyvinyl alcohol film after immersing in water at 60° C. for 2 hours is measured as a measurement sample by a solid echo method using pulse NMR at 60° C. According to the polyvinyl alcohol film of the present invention, a polarizing film having good polarization performance, which is unlikely to decrease even under high humidity, can be manufactured.

Abstract: A polyvinyl alcohol film comprises a vinyl alcohol-based polymer, wherein, when the polyvinyl alcohol film being measured by a solid echo method using pulse NMR at 60° C. for waveform separation of a free induction decay curve of 1H spin-spin relaxation into three curves derived from three components a component A, a component B, and a component C in order of short relaxation time, the component A has a resulting relaxation time of 0.0070 milliseconds or more and 0.0092 milliseconds or less, and a resulting component ratio of 20% or more and 50% or less.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vinyl alcohol-amino acid ester copolymer that is excellent in properties such as cell culture properties, biocompatibility, antibacterial properties, and solubility in organic solvents, and is applicable to the medical field, the biomaterial field, and the agricultural field (medical and life science fields). Provided is a vinyl alcohol-amino acid ester copolymer including a unit represented by the following formula (1) and a unit represented by the following formula (2): where, in the formula (2), R1 represents a hydrocarbon group that may optionally have a substituent, R2 and R3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group, and R1 and R2, or R2 and R3, may optionally be bonded together to form a cyclic structure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate copolymer having excellent solubility and capable of providing a film having high flexibility, high mechanical strength, and high adhesion, and a method for producing a vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate copolymer. Provided is a vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate copolymer including a unit of vinyl alcohol and a unit of vinyl acetate, the vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate copolymer having a triad unit chain ratio TOO of 7.5 or less, where the triad unit chain ratio TOO is obtained using the following formula (1): [ Math .

Abstract: A vinyl alcohol-based polymer according to one embodiment of the present invention has an integral value (e) of 0.8 to 20 in the case when a sum of the following integral value (a) to (e) is 100 in a 1H-NMR spectrum. (a) integral value of peak confirmed at 5.70 to 5.96 ppm (b) integral value of peak confirmed at 5.97 to 6.63 ppm (c) integral value of peak confirmed at 6.64 to 7.55 ppm (d) integral value of peak confirmed at 7.56 to 7.81 ppm (e) integral value of peak confirmed at 7.82 to 8.

Abstract: A method of differentiating a primordial germ cell into a primordial follicle in vitro includes culturing a primordial germ cell and a supporting cell adjacent to the primordial germ cell under a pressurized condition or a low oxygen concentration condition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyvinyl alcohol film comprising a vinyl alcohol-based polymer, the polyvinyl alcohol film having an NMR signal intensity at 0.10 milliseconds of 78% or less of the initial intensity, when the polyvinyl alcohol film after immersing in water at 60° C. for 2 hours is measured as a measurement sample by a solid echo method using pulse NMR at 60° C. According to the polyvinyl alcohol film of the present invention, a polarizing film having good polarization performance, which is unlikely to decrease even under high humidity, can be manufactured.