Abstract: Dispersing agents useful in a suspension polymerization process may be formed based on polyvinyl alcohols and processes discloses herein. The dispersing agent may include, for example: a polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of hydrolysis in the range from 60 to 80 mol %; an absorbance of not less than 0.3 measured at a wavelength of 320 nm with respect to a 0.1 wt % aqueous solution of the polyvinyl alcohol; a block character of remaining ester groups in the range from 0.4 to 0.5; and a cloud point in the range from 35° C. to 50° C. measured with respect to a 1 wt % aqueous solution of the polyvinyl alcohol. Carbonyl groups are theorized to be present along the polymer chain, which may be quantified by 1-H NMR spectra peaks.

Abstract: The disclosure discloses a printer including a memory. The memory stores computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the printer to perform a first process, a second process, and a third process. In the first process, an N-th determination target value is calculated, from an N-th pulse count index value and an (N+1)th pulse count index value. In the second process, a mean value of a plurality of consecutive pulse count index values within a predetermined range is calculated. In the third process, a comparison value is calculated by comparing (N?1)th the determination target value with the mean value. The first process to the third process are performed while increasing N one by one. A first determination step includes determining whether the elongated medium has reached a consumption completion status or not, on the basis of a magnitude relation between the comparison value and a first threshold value.

Abstract: A packaging device includes a conveyance mechanism, a guide portion and a control portion. The control portion is configured to cause a first section of a film to be bonded to a base, cause the conveyance mechanism to convey the base toward a downstream side in a conveyance direction, move the guide portion along a movement path, cause the conveyance mechanism to convey the base toward the upstream side, cause a second section of the film to be bonded to the base, and cause the film to be moved in an opposite direction to a feeding direction at any time during a period after the first section is bonded to the base and before the second section is bonded to the base, the feeding direction being a direction in which the film is fed out when the base is conveyed.

Abstract: A water soluble polyvinyl alcohol copolymer having a diad syndiotacticity of greater than about 60% and less than about 70%. In some embodiments, the water soluble polyvinyl alcohol copolymer is soluble in water at a concentration of at least 1 wt % at a temperature of less than 100° C. In other embodiments, the composition is soluble in water at a concentration of at least 5 wt % at a temperature in the range from about 90° C. to less than 100° C. The high solubility of the high syndiotactic poly vinyl alcohols disclosed herein may provide various advantages as described herein, including ease of processing and decreased use of harmful solvents.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming unit including a photosensitive drum configured to rotate about a rotation axis of the photosensitive drum, a resin frame configured to support a first end of the image forming unit in an axial direction of the photosensitive drum, a sub frame supported by the resin frame, a board supported by the sub frame and configured to supply a high voltage to the image forming unit, and a springy electrode disposed on the board and apart from edges of the board such that the springy electrode is compressed between the image forming unit and the board. The sub frame includes a plurality of first support portions disposed to support the board at at least three support points and a plurality of second support portions disposed to be supported by the frame at at least three support points.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including an image forming unit having a photosensitive drum and a developer device; a first frame, made of a resin, formed in an approximate shape of a rectangle plate having shorter sides and longer sides, and arranged on one end, along an axial direction of a rotation axis of the photosensitive drum, of the image forming unit; a first beam formed in an elongated shape, arranged along and fixed to a planar face of the first frame, is provided. The first beam is arranged to partly overlap the image forming unit, when viewed along a facing direction to face the planar face of the first frame orthogonally, and is fixed to end parts on the longer sides of the first frame at longitudinal ends thereof at least along the facing direction.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including an image forming unit comprising a photosensitive drum configured to be rotatable about a rotation axis and a developer device configured to supply a developer agent to the photosensitive drum; a first frame made of a resin and formed in a shape of a plate, while the first frame is arranged on one end, along an axial direction of the rotation axis of the photosensitive drum, of the image forming unit; and a first beam made of a metal and formed in an elongated shape, while the first beam is arranged along and fixed to a planar face of the first frame, is provided. The first beam is arranged to overlap the image forming unit at a longitudinal central part thereof, when projected along the axial direction, while longitudinal ends of the first beam are arranged on outer sides of the image forming unit.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including an image forming unit with a photosensitive drum and a developer device; a first frame made of a resin, formed in a shape of a plate, arranged on one end, along an axial direction of the rotation axis of the photosensitive drum, of the image forming unit; and a first beam formed in an elongated shape, arranged along and fixed to a planar face of the first frame, is provided. The first beam is made of a material different from the first frame and includes a first attachment portion, at which the first beam is immovably fixed to the first frame, and a second attachment portion, at which the first beam is attached to the first frame movably with respect to the first frame along a longitudinal direction of the first beam.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including an image forming unit having a photosensitive drum and a developer device; a first frame made of a resin, formed in a shape of a plate, and arranged on one end, along an axial direction of the rotation axis of the photosensitive drum, of the image forming unit; a first beam formed in an elongated shape, arranged along and fixed to a planar face of the first frame; and a second beam formed in an elongated shape, arranged along the planar face of the first frame to intersect with the first beam, and fixed to the first frame, is provided. The first beam and the second beam are unfixed to each other at a mutually intersecting part thereof.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including an image forming unit containing a photosensitive drum and a developer device; a resin-made first frame formed in a shape of a plate and arranged on one end, along an axial direction of the rotation axis of the photosensitive drum, of the image forming unit; an enhancing member formed in an elongated shape, arranged along a planar face of the first frame on one side of the first frame and fixed to the first frame; and a metal-made first beam formed in an elongated shape, arranged along the planar face of the first frame to intersect with the enhancing member and fixed to the first frame, is provided. The first beam is fixed to the enhancing member at one end thereof in a position between longitudinal ends of the enhancing member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including at least three image forming units, a substrate, a frame to support the image forming units and the substrate, and a plurality of spring electrodes, is provided. The plurality of spring electrodes includes a first spring electrode, a second spring electrode, and a third spring electrode configured to serve a common function and arranged to align along an aligning direction, which is orthogonal to rotation axes of photosensitive drums in the image forming units. The frame includes a pair of supporting parts arranged along the aligning direction to support the substrate. A distance between the second spring electrode and the third spring electrode is greater than a distance between the first spring electrode and the second spring electrode. A center between the pair of supporting parts is located in a position between the second spring electrode and the third spring electrode.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including an image forming unit, a first frame, and a first beam, is provided. The image forming unit includes a photosensitive drum which is rotatable about a rotation axis and a developer device which supplies developer agent to the photosensitive drum. The first frame is made of resin and formed in a shape of a plate. The first frame is arranged on one end, along an axial direction of the rotation axis of the photosensitive drum, of the image forming unit. The first beam is formed in an elongated shape. The first beam is arranged along and fixed to a planar face of the first frame. The first beam includes a resilient part configured to be resiliently deformable in a direction orthogonal to the planar face of the first frame.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including an image forming unit, a first frame, and a first beam, is provided. The image forming unit includes a photosensitive drum which is rotatable about a rotation axis and a developer device which supplies a developer agent to the photosensitive drum. The first frame is made of resin and formed in a shape of a plate. The first frame is arranged on one end, along an axial direction of the rotation axis of the photosensitive drum, of the image forming unit. The first beam is formed in an elongated shape. The first beam is arranged along and fixed to a planar face of the first frame. The first beam includes a resilient part configured to be resiliently deformable in a direction orthogonal to the planar face of the first frame.

Abstract: A packaging device includes a conveyance mechanism, a guide portion and a control portion. The control portion is configured to cause a first section of a film to be bonded to a base, cause the conveyance mechanism to convey the base toward a downstream side in a conveyance direction, move the guide portion along a movement path, cause the conveyance mechanism to convey the base toward the upstream side, cause a second section of the film to be bonded to the base, and cause the film to be moved in an opposite direction to a feeding direction at any time during a period after the first section is bonded to the base and before the second section is bonded to the base, the feeding direction being a direction in which the film is fed out when the base is conveyed.

Abstract: There is provided an image forming apparatus including: a sheet feeding unit; photoconductors; a transfer belt unit; a first and second frame units; and a bridging member bridging the first and second frame units. Each of the photoconductors is held by the first and second frame units. The transfer belt unit is biased to the one end side in the width direction to abut on the first frame unit and the bridging member, to thereby be positioned with respect to the first frame unit and the bridging member. The sheet feeding unit abuts on at least two places, of the bridging member, in the width direction from a perpendicular direction, to thereby be positioned with respect to the bridging member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including an image forming unit having a photosensitive drum and a developer device; a first frame, made of a resin, formed in an approximate shape of a rectangle plate having shorter sides and longer sides, and arranged on one end, along an axial direction of a rotation axis of the photosensitive drum, of the image forming unit; a first beam formed in an elongated shape, arranged along and fixed to a planar face of the first frame, is provided. The first beam is arranged to partly overlap the image forming unit, when viewed along a facing direction to face the planar face of the first frame orthogonally, and is fixed to end parts on the longer sides of the first frame at longitudinal ends thereof at least along the facing direction.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including an image forming unit having a photosensitive drum and a developer device; a first frame made of a resin, formed in a shape of a plate, and arranged on one end, along an axial direction of the rotation axis of the photosensitive drum, of the image forming unit; a first beam formed in an elongated shape, arranged along and fixed to a planar face of the first frame; and a second beam formed in an elongated shape, arranged along the planar face of the first frame to intersect with the first beam, and fixed to the first frame, is provided. The first beam and the second beam are unfixed to each other at a mutually intersecting part thereof.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming unit including a photosensitive drum configured to rotate about a rotation axis of the photosensitive drum, a resin frame configured to support a first end of the image forming unit in an axial direction of the photosensitive drum, a sub frame supported by the resin frame, a board supported by the sub frame and configured to supply a high voltage to the image forming unit, springy electrode disposed on the board and apart from edges of the board such that the springy electrode is compressed between the image forming unit and the board. The sub frame includes a plurality of first support portions disposed to support the board at at least three support points and a plurality of second support portions disposed to be supported by the frame at at least three support points.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including an image forming unit containing a photosensitive drum and a developer device; a resin-made first frame formed in a shape of a plate and arranged on one end, along an axial direction of the rotation axis of the photosensitive drum, of the image forming unit; an enhancing member formed in an elongated shape, arranged along a planar face of the first frame on one side of the first frame and fixed to the first frame; and a metal-made first beam formed in an elongated shape, arranged along the planar face of the first frame to intersect with the enhancing member and fixed to the first frame, is provided. The first beam is fixed to the enhancing member at one end thereof in a position between longitudinal ends of the enhancing member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including an image forming unit with a photosensitive drum and a developer device; a first frame made of a resin, formed in a shape of a plate, arranged on one end, along an axial direction of the rotation axis of the photosensitive drum, of the image forming unit; and a first beam formed in an elongated shape, arranged along and fixed to a planar face of the first frame, is provided. The first beam is made of a material different from the first frame and includes a first attachment portion, at which the first beam is immovably fixed to the first frame, and a second attachment portion, at which the first beam is attached to the first frame movably with respect to the first frame along a longitudinal direction of the first beam.