Abstract: The invention is directed toward anionic polymerization employing lithio amines mixed with an organic alkali metal compound and optionally, a chelating reagent. The lithio amines have the general formula (A)Li(SOL).sub.y, where SOL is a solubilizing component, A is an alkyl, dialkyl, cycloalkyl or dicycloalkyl amine radical or a cyclic amine, and y is 0 or is from about 0.5 to about 3. The invention is also directed toward polymers and other products made using the initiator, and methods therefor. Further, the invention contemplates a polymer, a polymer composition and products therefrom, which include a functional group from the reaction product of an amine and an organolithium compound. The resulting polymers may be terminated with a terminating, coupling or linking agent, which may provide the polymer with a multifunctionality.

Abstract: An acyclic alkane soluble anionic polymerization initiator includes a mixture of from about 90 to about 10 parts by weight of a lithio amine having the general formula A.sub.1 Li and from about 10 to about 90 parts by weight of at least one other lithio amine having the general formula A.sub.2 Li. A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 are selected from the dialkyl, alkyl, cycloalkyl and dicycloalkyl amine radicals and cyclic amine radicals. There is also provided a method of forming a mixture of anionic polymerization initiators, a functionalized polymer and a method of forming a functionalized polymer.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polymer comprises polymerizing a conjugated diene monomer and/or a vinylaromatic hydrocarbon monomer in a hydrocarbon solvent in the presence of or in the absence of a randomizer by using a lithium polymerization initiator which is formed by bringing an organolithium compound and at least one secondary amine compound into contact with each other in the polymerization system in the presence of at least said monomer, wherein the polymerization conversion at the time of contact is less than 5%. The secondary amine is an amine compound having two hydrocarbon groups bonded to N or an imine compound in which an NH group and a saturated or unsaturated cyclic structure group form a cyclic structure. The cyclic structure group comprises a hydrocarbon group as the ring member and may also comprise N or O.

Abstract: A block copolymer comprises block A containing as a main component thereof a homopolymer consisting of units of a vinylaromatic hydrocarbon (VAH), block B consisting of units of a conjugated diene (CD), and block C consisting of VAH and CD, is represented by General Formulae (I) or (II), and has a structure in which blocks A, B, and C are repeated in the order shown in the General Formulae (I) or (II). The block copolymer contains 15 to 98% by weight of a block consisting of 20 to less than 200 VAH, 10% or less by weight of a block consisting of 200 or more VAH, 1 to 70% by weight of an isolated single VAH, and a block consisting of 2 to less than 20 VAH in an amount to make up the rest, each based on total VAH; 15 to 65% by weight of total VAH; 85 to 35% by weight of total CD; and a number-average molecular weight of 5.times.10.sup.4 to 150.times.10.sup.4.

Abstract: An acyclic alkane soluble anionic polymerization initiator includes a mixture of from about 90 to about 10 parts by weight of a lithio amine having the general formula A.sub.1 Li and from about 10 to about 90 parts by weight of at least one other lithio amine having the general formula A.sub.2 Li. A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 are selected from the dialkyl, alkyl, cycloalkyl and dicycloalkyl amine radicals and cyclic amine radicals. There is also provided a method of forming a mixture of anionic polymerization initiators, a functionalized polymer and a method of forming a functionalized polymer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward anionic polymerization employing lithio amines mixed with an organic alkali metal compound and optionally, a chelating reagent. The lithio amines have the general formula (A)Li(SOL).sub.y, where SOL is a solubilizing component, A is an alkyl, dialkyl, cycloalkyl or dicycloalkyl amine radical or a cyclic amine, and y is 0 or is from about 0.5 to about 3. The invention is also directed toward polymers and other products made using the initiator, and methods therefor. Further, the invention contemplates a polymer, a polymer composition and products therefrom, which include a functional group from the reaction product of an amine and an organolithium compound. The resulting polymers may be terminated with a terminating, coupling or linking agent, which may provide the polymer with a multifunctionality.

Abstract: A plurality of glass plates 10 are stacked in a block form without forming gaps between adjacent glass plates while the stacked glass plates are separable; the stacked glass plates are cut off in a circular shape or a doughnut-like shape in a block; and then, the processed glass plates are separated. According to this method, tipping which may result when glass plates are processed individually can be prevented whereby processing is easy, and productivity is improved.

Abstract: A block copolymer containing a non-polar polymer block and a polar polymer block was prepared by using an anionic polymerization initiator, by reacting an organic compound which can form an ate complex at the active end of the non-polar polymer block, the compound which contains a main group element of II or III group, before the addition of the polar monomer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward artionic polymerization employing lithio amines mixed with an organic alkali metal compound and optionally, a chelating reagent. The lithio amines have the general formula (A)Li(SOL)y, where SOL is a solubilizing component, A is an alkyl, dialkyl, cycloalkyl or dicycloalkyl amine radical or a cyclic amine, and y is 0 or is from about 0.5 to about 3. The invention is also directed toward polymers and other products made using the initiator, and methods therefor. Further, the invention contemplates a polymer, a polymer composition and products therefrom, which include a functional group from the reaction product of an amine and an organolithium compound. The resulting polymers may be terminated with a terminating, coupling or linking agent, which may provide the polymer with a multifunctionality.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward anionic polymerization initiators which are soluble in hydrocarbon solvents. The initiators include a lithio amine having the general formula ALi. The component A is a dialkyl or dicycloalkyl amine radical or a cyclic amine. The invention is also directed toward polymers and other products made using the initiator, and methods therefor. Further, the invention contemplates a polymer, a polymer composition and products therefrom, which include a functional group from the reaction product of an amine and an organolithium compound. The resulting polymers may be terminated with a terminating, coupling or linking agent, which may provide the polymer with a multifunctionality.

Abstract: A method of preparing .alpha.-L-phenylalanine methyl ester and its hydrochloride, which comprises dissolving .alpha.-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine .beta.-methyl ester in a methanol/hydrochloric acid mixture solvent which contains, when hydrochloric acid is expressed in terms of concentrated hydrochloric acid and water, 0 to 20% by volume of methanol, 8 to 55% by volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid and water (balance) in a concentration from 0.01 mol/dl to 0.3 mol/dl; holding the solution at 0.degree. to 60.degree. C. to effect intramolecular ester exchange reaction and crystallize out the formed .alpha.-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester as its hydrochloride; isolating the hydrochloride; and obtaining, when required, the free ester by neutralization with an alkali, is disclosed.

Abstract: A method for preparing .alpha.-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester and its hydrochloride which comprises dissolving .alpha.-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine dimethyl ester in a mixture of 0-10% (v/v) methanol, 8-55% (v/v) of concentrated hydrochloric acid, and water (remainder) to a concentration of 0.01 mol/dl to 0.30 mol/dl; holding the resulting solution at one or more temperatures between 0.degree. and 60.degree. C. for a time sufficient for crystals of .alpha.-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride to precipitate out, and isolating the crystals. The hydrochloride may then be treated with alkali to yield .alpha.-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester.