Abstract: A facsimile apparatus capable of performing the closed communication with specific calling offices by the setting in a called office. The called office previously registers identification data of predetermined calling offices. When a call is received from a calling office, the called office detects the identification data of the calling office from a control signal for standardized transmission control procedures received from the calling office, and compares the detected identification data with the registered identification data. When coincidence between the both identification data is detected, the communication is enabled between these offices.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing riboflavin by fermentation, a method for providing microorganisms having an improved riboflavin-producing capability, and strains of microorganisms having improved riboflavin-producing ability. The strains of the present invention belong to the genus Bacillus, have reduced activity of hydrolysing phosphoric acid from 5'-guanylic acid, and have the ability of producing riboflavin. Mutants used in the processes of this invention have an improved ability of producing riboflavin and are capable of producing or accumulating a large amount of riboflavin in the culture medium. The processes of this invention are therefore suitable for producing riboflavin in an effective manner at a low cost.

Abstract: The improved toner is produced by supplying a spheroidizing treatment under mechanical impact force to resin particles that contain at least magnetic particles in a resin and said magnetic particles are substantially spherical in shape.

Abstract: A magnetic toner comprising at least a binder resin, a magnetic powder and polyolefine is disclosed. The magnetic toner comprises a Wadel's globularity ranging from 0.4 to 0.8, and polyolefine comprises a content ranging from 10 to 40 weight % on a surface of the toner.

Abstract: In a method of developing an electrostatic latent image formed on an electrostatic latent image-carrying member with a developer comprising a magnetic carrier and a toner in a non-contact manner under application of an oscillating electric field to a development region, the improvement comprising the surface of said magnetic carrier is covered with an insulating material, and magnetization (M) of said magnetic carrier when measured under application of a magnetic field of 1000 Oersted and weight average diameter (R) of the same expressed in terms of micro meter satisfy the following relation:30.ltoreq.M.ltoreq.-0.8 R+150(wherein 10.ltoreq.R.ltoreq.150).

Abstract: A pattern defect detecting system for an integrated semiconductor circuit or the like, utilizing the phenomenon that in the case of a test pattern having regularity, the intensity of diffracted light appearing on a back-focal plane of a lens is high, while defects or foreign matters not having regularity are low in the intensity of diffracted light. As a concrete example, an optical space modulator is used to record only an intense light portion in real time. The recorded diffraction pattern can be erased easily by, for example, application of voltage and radiation of light. A spatial filter can be prepared in real time in 1:1 correspondence to a test sample. Besides, even in the case of change of test pattern, an immediate action can be taken for continuous detection of defects, thus permitting test on-line.

Abstract: A method for developing an electrostatic latent image comprising, a step of supplying a developer containing a carrier and a toner, said toner consisting of fine toner particles of which not less than 95% by weight have a particle size of from 1/1.7 to 1.7 times as large as the weight average size of the toner particles (D.sub.50), to the outer circumfence of a cylinder-shaped sleeve member of a developer transporting means, a step of forming a thin layer of said developer on the surface of said sleeve member by the use of a layer thickness regulating member so that the maximum thickness of the developer layer is smaller than the minimum distance between the surface of said sleeve member and the surface of said electrostatic latent image carrying member, a step of carrying said developer to close proximity of the electrostatic latent image formed on said electrostatic larent image carrying member, and a step of forming a toner image on said electrostatic latent image carrying member is disclosed.

Abstract: In a process for forming an image comprising;(i) forming a latent image on a latent image bearing member comprising an organic photoconductive photosensitive member;(ii) forming a magnetic brush with a two-component developer comprising a toner and a carrier on a developer carrying member arranged as opposed to said latent image bearing member; and(iii) developing said latent image by brushing it with said magnetic brush in developing region;the improvement wherein said latent image bearing member and said developer carrying member move in the same direction in the developing region, and the ratio V.sub.S /V.sub.P of the linear velocity of said developer carrying member V.sub.S to the linear velocity of said latent image bearing member V.sub.P is within the range of 1.9.ltoreq.V.sub.S /V.sub.P .ltoreq.4.According to this process, an image which is free from fog, yet high in image density and stable for repeated copying can be obtained.

Abstract: In a process for forming an image comprising;(i) forming a latent image on a latent image bearing member comprising an organic photoconductive photosensitive member;(ii) forming a magnetic brush with a two-component developer comprising a toner and a carrier on a developer conveying support arranged as opposed to the latent image bearing member; and(iii) developing the latent image by brushing it with the magnetic brush in a developing region;the improvement wherein an absolute value of a maximum potential (V) of a charge for forming the latent image is from 400 to 700, a minimum value of a gap between the photosensitive member and the developer conveying support is from 0.30 to 0.65 mm, the carrier comprises a core material and a polymer comprising a monomer component represented by the followng formula (I), (II) or (III): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; each of n and p represents an integer of 1 to 8; each of m and q represents an integer of 1 to 19; X.