Abstract: An air conditioning device for a vehicle includes: a housing having an inside divided into an inflow space, a heat exchange space, and an outflow space, which are straightly arranged, and having a plurality of discharge ports, which communicates with an interior, at the inflow space; a blowing unit disposed at the inflow space of the housing and configured to blow air; a heat exchange unit disposed at the heat exchange space of the housing and configured to adjust a temperature of conditioned air by exchanging heat with air; and an opening-closing door disposed at the outflow space of the housing and configured to open and close the plurality of discharge ports such that conditioned air at an adjusted temperature selectively flows to the plurality of discharge ports. The air conditioning device adjusts the temperature of conditioned air for respective modes and reduces a flow resistance of air.

Abstract: A display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure includes a light emitting diode and a pixel driving circuit which drives the light emitting diode, the pixel driving circuit includes a driving transistor which applies a driving current to the light emitting diode, a first transistor which applies a first reference voltage to a gate electrode of the driving transistor, a second transistor which applies a data voltage to the gate electrode of the driving transistor, a third transistor which applies a second reference voltage to a source electrode of the driving transistor, and a storage capacitor connected to the gate electrode and the source electrode of the driving transistor. According to the present disclosure, the threshold voltage Vth and the mobility of the driving transistors are internally compensated to improve an image quality.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a display device, which may be fabricated using a described method. The display device includes a glass substrate including a first surface, a second surface opposite the first surface, and a side surface between the first surface and the second surface, an outermost structure on the first surface of the glass substrate and located adjacent to an edge of one side of the glass substrate, and a display area including a plurality of light emitting areas on the first surface of the glass substrate and located farther from the edge of the one side of the glass substrate than the outermost structure is. A minimum distance from the side surface of the glass substrate to the outermost structure is equal to 130 ?m or less.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a video signal decoding method for adding an intra prediction mode as a sub-macroblock type to prediction of a macroblock in coding a video signal. Some implementations may include obtaining a macroblock type, when a macroblock includes the intra prediction coded sub-macroblock and the inter prediction coded sub-macroblock based on the macroblock type, obtaining prediction mode flag information indicating whether the sub-macroblock is the intra prediction coded or the inter prediction coded, and obtaining a prediction value of the sub-macroblock. Accordingly, implementations disclosed herein may raise coding efficiency of video signal by adding an intra prediction mode as a sub-macroblock type in predicting a macroblock.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a video signal decoding method for adding an intra prediction mode as a sub-macroblock type to prediction of a macroblock in coding a video signal. Some implementations may include obtaining a macroblock type, when a macroblock includes the intra prediction coded sub-macroblock and the inter prediction coded sub-macroblock based on the macroblock type, obtaining prediction mode flag information indicating whether the sub-macroblock is the intra prediction coded or the inter prediction coded, and obtaining a prediction value of the sub-macroblock. Accordingly, implementations disclosed herein may raise coding efficiency of video signal by adding an intra prediction mode as a sub-macroblock type in predicting a macroblock.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a video signal decoding method for adding an intra prediction mode as a sub-macroblock type to prediction of a macroblock in coding a video signal. Some implementations may include obtaining a macroblock type, when a macroblock includes the intra prediction coded sub-macroblock and the inter prediction coded sub-macroblock based on the macroblock type, obtaining prediction mode flag information indicating whether the sub-macroblock is the intra prediction coded or the inter prediction coded, and obtaining a prediction value of the sub-macroblock. Accordingly, implementations disclosed herein may raise coding efficiency of video signal by adding an intra prediction mode as a sub-macroblock type in predicting a macroblock.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a video signal decoding method for adding an intra prediction mode as a sub-macroblock type to prediction of a macroblock in coding a video signal. Some implementations may include obtaining a macroblock type, when a macroblock includes the intra prediction coded sub-macroblock and the inter prediction coded sub-macroblock based on the macroblock type, obtaining prediction mode flag information indicating whether the sub-macroblock is the intra prediction coded or the inter prediction coded, and obtaining a prediction value of the sub-macroblock. Accordingly, implementations disclosed herein may raise coding efficiency of video signal by adding an intra prediction mode as a sub-macroblock type in predicting a macroblock.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an entropy encoding method, an entropy decoding method and to an apparatus using same. The entropy decoding method includes: a step of decoding a bin of a syntax element; and a step of acquiring information on the syntax element based on the decoded bin. In the step of decoding the bin, context-based decoding or bypass decoding is performed for each bin of the syntax element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a video signal decoding method for adding an intra prediction mode as a sub-macroblock type to prediction of a macroblock in coding a video signal. Some implementations may include obtaining a macroblock type, when a macroblock includes the intra prediction coded sub-macroblock and the inter prediction coded sub-macroblock based on the macroblock type, obtaining prediction mode flag information indicating whether the sub-macroblock is the intra prediction coded or the inter prediction coded, and obtaining a prediction value of the sub-macroblock. Accordingly, implementations disclosed herein may raise coding efficiency of video signal by adding an intra prediction mode as a sub-macroblock type in predicting a macroblock.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a video signal decoding method for adding an intra prediction mode as a sub-macroblock type to prediction of a macroblock in coding a video signal. Some implementations may include obtaining a macroblock type, when a macroblock includes the intra prediction coded sub-macroblock and the inter prediction coded sub-macroblock based on the macroblock type, obtaining prediction mode flag information indicating whether the sub-macroblock is the intra prediction coded or the inter prediction coded, and obtaining a prediction value of the sub-macroblock. Accordingly, implementations disclosed herein may raise coding efficiency of video signal by adding an intra prediction mode as a sub-macroblock type in predicting a macroblock.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a video signal decoding method for adding an intra prediction mode as a sub-macroblock type to prediction of a macroblock in coding a video signal. Some implementations may include obtaining a macroblock type, when a macroblock includes the intra prediction coded sub-macroblock and the inter prediction coded sub-macroblock based on the macroblock type, obtaining prediction mode flag information indicating whether the sub-macroblock is the intra prediction coded or the inter prediction coded, and obtaining a prediction value of the sub-macroblock. Accordingly, implementations disclosed herein may raise coding efficiency of video signal by adding an intra prediction mode as a sub-macroblock type in predicting a macroblock.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a video signal decoding method for adding an intra prediction mode as a sub-macroblock type to prediction of a macroblock in coding a video signal. Some implementations may include obtaining a macroblock type, when a macroblock includes the intra prediction coded sub-macroblock and the inter prediction coded sub-macroblock based on the macroblock type, obtaining prediction mode flag information indicating whether the sub-macroblock is the intra prediction coded or the inter prediction coded, and obtaining a prediction value of the sub-macroblock. Accordingly, implementations disclosed herein may raise coding efficiency of video signal by adding an intra prediction mode as a sub-macroblock type in predicting a macroblock.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a video signal decoding method for adding an intra prediction mode as a sub-macroblock type to prediction of a macroblock in coding a video signal. Some implementations may include obtaining a macroblock type, when a macroblock includes the intra prediction coded sub-macroblock and the inter prediction coded sub-macroblock based on the macroblock type, obtaining prediction mode flag information indicating whether the sub-macroblock is the intra prediction coded or the inter prediction coded, and obtaining a prediction value of the sub-macroblock. Accordingly, implementations disclosed herein may raise coding efficiency of video signal by adding an intra prediction mode as a sub-macroblock type in predicting a macroblock.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include a semiconductor substrate and a plurality of first capacitor electrodes arranged in a plurality of parallel lines on the semiconductor substrate with each of the first capacitor electrodes extending away from the semiconductor substrate. A plurality of capacitor support pads may be provided with each capacitor support pad being connected to first capacitor electrodes of at least two adjacent parallel lines of the first capacitor electrodes and with adjacent capacitor support pads being spaced apart. A dielectric layer may be provided on each of the first capacitor electrodes, and a second capacitor electrode may be provided on the dielectric layer so that the dielectric layer is between the second capacitor electrode and each of the first capacitor electrodes. Related methods are also discussed.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include a semiconductor substrate and a plurality of first capacitor electrodes arranged in a plurality of parallel lines on the semiconductor substrate with each of the first capacitor electrodes extending away from the semiconductor substrate. A plurality of capacitor support pads may be provided with each capacitor support pad being connected to first capacitor electrodes of at least two adjacent parallel lines of the first capacitor electrodes and with adjacent capacitor support pads being spaced apart. A dielectric layer may be provided on each of the first capacitor electrodes, and a second capacitor electrode may be provided on the dielectric layer so that the dielectric layer is between the second capacitor electrode and each of the first capacitor electrodes. Related methods are also discussed.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include a semiconductor substrate and a plurality of first capacitor electrodes arranged in a plurality of parallel lines on the semiconductor substrate with each of the first capacitor electrodes extending away from the semiconductor substrate. A plurality of capacitor support pads may be provided with each capacitor support pad being connected to first capacitor electrodes of at least two adjacent parallel lines of the first capacitor electrodes and with adjacent capacitor support pads being spaced apart. A dielectric layer may be provided on each of the first capacitor electrodes, and a second capacitor electrode may be provided on the dielectric layer so that the dielectric layer is between the second capacitor electrode and each of the first capacitor electrodes. Related methods are also discussed.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include a semiconductor substrate and a plurality of first capacitor electrodes arranged in a plurality of parallel lines on the semiconductor substrate with each of the first capacitor electrodes extending away from the semiconductor substrate. A plurality of capacitor support pads may be provided with each capacitor support pad being connected to first capacitor electrodes of at least two adjacent parallel lines of the first capacitor electrodes and with adjacent capacitor support pads being spaced apart. A dielectric layer may be provided on each of the first capacitor electrodes, and a second capacitor electrode may be provided on the dielectric layer so that the dielectric layer is between the second capacitor electrode and each of the first capacitor electrodes. Related methods are also discussed.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include a semiconductor substrate and a plurality of first capacitor electrodes arranged in a plurality of parallel lines on the semiconductor substrate with each of the first capacitor electrodes extending away from the semiconductor substrate. A plurality of capacitor support pads may be provided with each capacitor support pad being connected to first capacitor electrodes of at least two adjacent parallel lines of the first capacitor electrodes and with adjacent capacitor support pads being spaced apart. A dielectric layer may be provided on each of the first capacitor electrodes, and a second capacitor electrode may be provided on the dielectric layer so that the dielectric layer is between the second capacitor electrode and each of the first capacitor electrodes. Related methods are also discussed.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an integrated circuit device includes forming a plurality of lower capacitor electrodes vertically extending from a substrate. The plurality of lower capacitor electrodes respectively include an inner sidewall and an outer sidewall. At least one support pattern is formed vertically extending between ones of the plurality of lower capacitor electrodes from top portions thereof opposite the substrate and along the outer sidewalls thereof towards the substrate to a depth that is greater than a lateral distance between adjacent ones of the plurality of lower capacitor electrodes. A dielectric layer is formed on the support pattern and on outer sidewalls of the plurality of lower capacitor electrodes, and an upper capacitor electrode is formed on the dielectric layer. Related devices are also discussed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a thin film coated on a cutting tool surface made of cemented carbides, cermets or ceramics. According to the present invention, an ?-Al2O3thin film is deposited on a TiAlvBwCxNyOz (v+w+x+y+z=1, v, w, x, y, z?0) thin film in a thickness of 2-15 ?m, so that the ratio of TC (104) (denoting the texture coefficient of the (104) crystal plane of the polycrystalline ?-Al2O3 thin film) to TC (012) (denoting the texture coefficient of the (012) crystal) is more than 1.3. Cutting tools coated with such a thin film have improved wear resistance and adhesion.