Abstract: The present invention relates to establishing a network address of a mobile terminal in a mobile communication system when the mobile terminal is handed over from one network to another. Preferably, the present invention establishes a unified interface to an upper layer of the mobile terminal for managing messages to and from at least one of a homogeneous network and a heterogeneous network, performs handover of the mobile terminal to at least one of a homogeneous network and a heterogeneous network, receives in the upper layer a request from the unified interface for establishing a network address of the mobile terminal for the at least one of a homogeneous network and a heterogeneous network for communicating data, and establishes the network address for the at least one of a homogeneous network and a heterogeneous network.

Abstract: A method of associating a mobile station to a base station in a wireless communication system comprises transmitting to a serving base station a scanning request message comprising an association indicator. The method also comprises receiving from the serving base station a scanning response message comprising a rendezvous time associated with a neighboring base station for initiating ranging with the neighboring base station, wherein the serving base station communicates an association notification to the neighboring base station, the association notification comprising the rendezvous time.

Abstract: A method of entering sleep mode in a mobile subscriber station in performing handover from a first base station (BS) to a second BS is disclosed. More specifically, the method includes entering sleep mode in the first base station and transmitting from the first base station sleep mode information in the first base station during handover, while receiving from a second base station sleep mode entry information in the second base station. The method further includes entering sleep mode based on the information the sleep mode entry information received from the second base station.

Abstract: Disclosed are an optical module interfacing device for connecting an RJ interface and an SFP type optical module to an SFP type optical module connector without additional processing, and an Ethernet system using the optical module interfacing device, thus supporting data transmission and reception. The optical module interfacing device includes a board having the same dimensions as those of the optical module, a male connector, having the same dimensions as those of the optical module, formed at a side surface of one end of the board to be connected to the female connector for the optical module mounted on a host board, and an RJ female connector provided with a plurality of pins formed on an upper surface of the board, respectively corresponding to pins of the male connector, according to standards. Further, UTP data is provided to MDI supporting ports of a physical layer through an interfacing unit.

Abstract: A memory management apparatus and method for storing data in units of various packet sizes in appliances utilizing memory devices are provided. The memory allocation apparatus includes data memory which includes a plurality of data blocks, each of which includes a plurality of sub data blocks having a predetermined size, and when there is a request for allocating memory space of a variable size, allocates memory space in units of any one of the sub data blocks and the data blocks, a free list memory which manages an free memory space of the data memory as at least one or more lists, and registers that store head location information and tail location information of the list.

Abstract: A massive packet transmitter in a WAN (wide area network) . The transmitter includes: an encoder for segmenting packets for transmission through the WAN into messages having a predetermined length, encoding the respective segmented messages, adding a parity bit to each encoded message to make it into a codeword, and transmitting the codeword/ A decoder is used for receiving the codeword from the encoder through the WAN, correcting an error of the corresponding codeword, and removing a parity bit included in the corresponding codeword to recover the codeword to an original message. Errors generated when transmitting massive packets through the WAN are removed using a FEC method, and massive packets such as a IPv6 jumbogram can be used without errors in the WAN.

Abstract: Provided are a packet scheduling system and method capable of fair link resource distribution among a plurality of sessions requesting transmissions to an identical output link in input and output interfaces of a node in a high-speed packet exchange network such as an ATM network or the Internet. The packet scheduling system uses a traffic classifier which classifies traffic input from a plurality of input links, for each session; a central management unit which manages the agreed speed for each session and the virtual time of a system; a virtual finish time calculation unit which in response to the agreed speed and the system virtual time, calculates the virtual finish time of each packet for the traffic and attaches the calculated virtual finish time to the head of the packet as a time stamp.

Abstract: Provided are an IP address lookup system and method for forwarding a packet over a data plane of a router. The IP address lookup system includes a forwarding table which has a three-layer table architecture so that it can search for each address group that constitutes an IP destination address of an input packet and a forwarding engine which obtains packet processing information and next hop information for the input packet by searching for the forwarding table using the IP destination address as a search key.

Abstract: A network address translation (NAT) router for connecting an inside network to an outside network. The inside network uses local addresses and has a plurality of voice over Internet protocol (VOIP) systems and a plurality of hosts, and the outside network uses global addresses. An Ethernet driver is connected to Ethernet drivers in the voice over Internet protocol systems by a hub. An Ethernet and Internet protocol (IP) interface module assigns predetermined physical addresses to the Ethernet drivers of the voice over Internet protocol systems. A transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP) module is connected to the Ethernet and Internet protocol interface module and sets a predetermined number of local Internet protocol addresses for the voice over Internet protocol systems. A network address translation module translates an inside local Internet protocol address within a voice over Internet protocol system to a global Internet protocol address.

Abstract: A garlic upright-positioning and planting device has a simple structure by which a garlic clove can be planted while the garlic clove is kept at its upright posture with its blunt root portion directed toward the ground. There is provided a garlic planting device for planting garlic cloves while maintaining an upright state, which comprises at least one guiding hopper for guiding a garlic clove with a root portion directed in a downward direction, and a planter for planting the garlic clove supplied from each of the guiding hoppers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a garlic planting device for planting garlic cloves while maintaining an upright state thereof at the time of planting the garlic cloves. The garlic planting device of the present invention comprises at least one guiding hopper for guiding a garlic clove with a root portion thereof directed in a downward direction, and a planting means for planting the garlic clove supplied from each of the guiding hoppers.

Abstract: An asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) protection triggering method using “received-AIS” flag determines whether the failure generation position is generated within a protected domain or not, by determining whether the “received-AIS” flag is “0” in case that a node detecting a failure link transmits an end-to-end AIS cell to a downstream side node, and a source point passing the end-to-end AIS cell sets the “received-AIS” flag to “1” and then receives “AIS cell receiving” signal from a sink point of the protected domain, thereby obviating a CRC-10 calculation problem and a backward compatibility.

Abstract: Disclosed is an adaptive connection admission control method by traffic measurement and estimation, which includes the steps of determining whether a connection is to be accepted or not by using the peak cell rate among the user-declared traffic parameters and the estimation value of the average cell rate of individual connections under service as inputs when a connection set-up request signal is inputted into the system, the step of reducing the number of connections when a connection release request signal is inputted, and the step of calculating the measured value of the average cell rate of all the connections passing through an output link and the estimated value of the average cell rate of individual connections when the measuring interval has ended, to thereby accomplish accurate and smooth connection controls.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for controlling the peak cell rate spacing of multiplexed ATM traffic.

Abstract: A congestion control unit and method in an ATM network is disclosed. The congestion control unit includes a congestion detector, a congestion controller and a routing controller. The congestion detector receives the measured number of cells generated from an output link through an ATM switch module, transmits the measured number of cells to an adaptive connection admission control unit, and detects the state of the output link by use of a utilization of a cell transmission link. The congestion controller receives congestion state information from the congestion detector and receives a cell loss ratio through the ATM switch module. The congestion controller transmits a backward resource management cell to a user or generates a routing control request signal so as to assign the load of the input traffic to another affordable link, and supplies a monitor parameter to the ATM switch module.