Abstract: A light emitting display device including data lines, signal lines, pixel circuits, a data driver, and a precharger. Each pixel circuit includes a first switch, a transistor, a capacitor, and a light emitting element. The precharger supplies a precharge current of X times a data current to a corresponding data line in response to a control signal. When the first switch transmits the data current provided from the corresponding data line in response to a first level scan signal while the corresponding data line is precharged, a voltage corresponding to the data current is charged in the capacitor. A current corresponding to the charged voltage is supplied to the light emitting element through the transistor in response to a second level scan signal, and the light emitting element emits light.

Abstract: Each of a first transmitter and a second transmitter uses a rate split scheme. Each of the first transmitter and the second transmitter may transmit at least four sub-messages, and different transmission powers may be allocated to the at least four sub-messages. Also, each of receivers may cooperate with each other, may share sub-messages that act as interferences, and may extract desired messages using the shared sub-messages.

Abstract: A communication method for at least one mobile station that includes a target mobile station that performs a Cooperative Multi-Point (CoMP) communication with at least two base stations, is provided. The communication method includes determining a beamforming vector used by the at least two base stations based on channel vectors and at least one channel matrix such that a signal-to-leakage-plus-noise-ratio (SLNR) for a target antenna from among antennas of a target mobile station is maximized. A Cholesky factorization may be used to determine an optimal beamforming vector with a low complexity.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for efficient resource allocation using a cognitive radio communication in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA)-based moving networks are provided. The method includes determining a minimum transmit power value of the MRS, which enables the internal terminal to have a receive Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR) greater than a first threshold; determining a transmit power value of the MRS by taking into account the determined minimum transmit power value; determining a transmit power value of the MRS per cellular terminal, which is transmittable at maximum while exerting interference less than a second threshold on a corresponding cellular terminal; searching one or more cellular terminals having the maximum transmittable transmit power value determined per cellular terminal greater than the determined transmit power value; and borrowing and allocating a resource allocated to the searched cellular terminal to the internal terminal.

Abstract: A method of assigning and managing reference signals in a multi-cell environment, and a network device and a terminal for applying the method, are provided. Reference signal patterns may be assigned to multiple femtocells through a long term coordination of a central control unit that is used to control multiple cells.

Abstract: A semiconductor apparatus and a design method for the semiconductor apparatus allow debugging or repairs by using a spare cell. The semiconductor apparatus includes a plurality of metal layers. At least one repair block performs a predetermined function. A spare block is capable of substituting for a function of the repair block. And at least one of the plurality of metal layers is predetermined to be a repair layer for error revision. At least one pin of the repair block is connected to the repair layer through a first pin extension, and at least one pin of the spare block is capable of extending to the repair layer. When the repair block is to be repaired, the pin extension of the repair layer and the repair block is disconnected, and at least one pin of the spare block is connected to the repair layer through a second pin extension.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for estimating a channel in a frequency domain are provided. The apparatus acquires frequency selectivity information using a cell-specific reference signal, selects a channel estimation scheme using a user specific reference signal according to the acquired frequency selectivity information, and estimates a frequency channel using the selected channel estimation scheme. Accordingly, more accurate channel estimation with respect to a region to which a physical downstream shared channel is allocated can be performed.

Abstract: Provided is a method, and an apparatus and communication system to perform the method, of detecting a victim terminal and performing an interference coordination in a multi-cell environment. The multi-cell environment may include a heterogeneous cell environment including a small cell and a macro cell. The method includes determining whether a macro terminal is located within a cell coverage of a small base station, and adjusting the cell coverage according to the determination.

Abstract: A communication method and apparatus for coordinated multi-point (CoMP) transmission, is provided. Sizes of codebooks for a plurality of base stations may be adjusted based on a status of channels between a target terminal and a plurality of base stations. The terminal feeds back, to at least one of the plurality of base stations, channel direction information (CDI) including a number of bits of feedback.

Abstract: System and methods for intercell coordination are provided. The system includes a macro terminal and a macro base station that allocate a radio resource for a sounding signal and determine a pattern of a sounding signal, in advance. The macro base station provides a femto base station included in the system with information about the pattern of the sounding signal, and the information about the radio resource of the sounding signal. The femto base station may receive the sounding signal from the macro terminal based on the information, and thus, the femto base station may determine whether the macro terminal exists and may determine a channel between the macro terminal and the femto base station.

Abstract: A communication system with an improved network access structure for inter-cell cooperation is provided. The communication system includes a central unit and at least one radio access unit. The at least one radio access unit may form at least one virtual cell by merging or separating cells of radio access units according to a distribution of terminals, statuses of channels, an amount of traffic, and the like.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for compensating Quality of Service (QoS) during a handover of a Mobile Station (MS) by a serving Base Station (BS) and a target BS in a wireless broadband access system are provided. The method includes generating a message during a handover from the serving BS to a target BS, the message including at least one of a data transmission/reception time just before the handover, a size of a time window for which a data transmission/reception history is recorded in an accumulated way, and an amount of data transmitted/received during the time window, and transmitting the message to the target BS. The target BS can more accurately find a handover break time and the amount of data transmission/reception in the serving BS at the time the MS has been handed over to the target BS, enabling fast and adequate QoS compensation/correction for each QoS class, and thus facilitating flexible, efficient and accurate QoS provisioning regardless of controlled handover and uncontrolled handover.

Abstract: A scan driving circuit and an organic light emitting display using the same. The scan driving circuit includes stages that each includes: a switch for turning on/off a connection of the input terminal according to a first clock among a plurality of clocks, the first clock for inputting through a first clock terminal; a switch section for transferring a first voltage to the output terminal according to the first clock among the three clocks, and for preventing the first voltage from being transferred to the output terminal according to the input signal; and a storage section for maintaining a voltage of the output terminal for a predetermined time, and for transferring a voltage of a second clock among the three clocks to the output terminal according to the input signal, the second clock for inputting through the second clock terminal.

Abstract: A user scheduling and transmission power controlling method in a hierarchical-cell communication system or a multi-cell communication system, and a device to perform the methods, are provided. Interference may occur between various cells in the hierarchical-cell communication system or the multi-cell communication system, and the interference may be controlled by adjusting transmission power of various cells. The various cells may determine an optimal transmission power based on a cost of a corresponding transmission power. Also, the various cells may serve various users and may propose an optimal user scheduling method.

Abstract: A system and method for distributed control of spectrum power in a multi-cell communication system are provided. A plurality of cells included in a multi-cell communication system may be grouped into a plurality of groups. Cells included in a first group may iteratively calculate spectrum powers to perform dynamic spectrum management (DSM) scheme in calculation sub-frames. The cells included in the first group may also perform a user scheduling. Spectrum powers determined by cells included in a second group and user scheduling results of the cells in the second group may be held static.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) having high luminance and color renditions is provided. The liquid crystal display includes a first insulating substrate, a gate line and a data line crossing each other on the first insulating substrate to define a pixel. First and second sub-pixel electrodes divide the pixel into two parts. A first switching element drives the first sub-pixel electrode and a second switching element drives the second sub-pixel electrode. A second insulating substrate faces the first insulating substrate. A color pattern is arranged on the second insulating substrate and overlaps the first sub-pixel electrode. A contrast pattern overlaps the second sub-pixel electrode.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a printed circuit board, the method including: providing an insulating base body having a first surface on which a first circuit pattern is formed, and a second surface opposite to the first surface; pressing the first surface of the insulating base body onto at least one surface of an insulating layer such that the first circuit pattern is embedded in the insulating layer; forming a resist having a desired pattern on the second surface of the insulating base body; forming a trench by performing a plasma treatment on the second surface of the insulating base body on which the resist is formed; and forming a second circuit pattern by filling the trench with a conductive material. Accordingly, the conductive patterns can be formed using a simple process, thereby enhancing a process rate and productivity.

Abstract: Provided are a printed circuit board (PCB), and a manufacturing method thereof. The PCB includes a stacked structure including second and third insulation layers with a first insulation layer interposed therebetween, and a conductive via having first to fourth conductive vias. A second-layer circuit pattern and a third-layer circuit pattern are buried in the first insulation layer, a first-layer circuit pattern is formed on the second insulation layer, and a fourth-layer circuit pattern is formed on the third insulation layer. A first conductive via connects the first-layer circuit pattern and the second-layer circuit pattern, a second conductive via connects the first-layer circuit pattern and the third-layer circuit pattern, a third conductive via connects the second-layer circuit pattern and the fourth-layer circuit pattern, and a fourth conductive via connects the third-layer circuit pattern and the fourth-layer circuit pattern.

Abstract: The motor including a stator having a stator core, and an insulator provided to the stator core for winding a coil thereon, a rotor rotatably provided with respect to the stator, and a tap terminal provided to the insulator for positioning an end of the coil, wherein the coil includes a core wire of aluminum.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of manufacturing a printed circuit board, comprising: preparing a first carrier including a first pattern formed on one side thereof; preparing a second carrier including a first solder resist layer and a second pattern sequentially formed on one side thereof; pressing the first carrier and the second carrier such that the first pattern is embedded in one side of an insulation layer and the second pattern is embedded in the other side of the insulation layer and then removing the first carrier and the second carrier to fabricate two substrates; attaching the two substrates to each other using an adhesion layer such that the first solder resist layers face each other; and forming a via for connecting the first pattern with the second pattern in the insulation layer, forming a second solder resist on the insulation layer provided with the first pattern, and then removing the adhesion layer.