Abstract: A power transmission apparatus may include a first input shaft fixedly connected to an engine output shaft, a second input shaft external and selectively connectable to the first input shaft, a third input shaft selectively connectable to the first input shaft, an intermediate shaft and an output shaft mounted in parallel with the input shafts, a planetary gear set having first to third elements and mounted on the intermediate shaft where two of the three elements are selectively connectable to the intermediate shaft, a plurality of gear sets allowing torque flows between the various shafts and the planetary gear set, first and second synchronizers mounted on the at least one output shaft to selectively receive torques from the second and third input shafts through a plurality of paths and to transmit the received torque to the at least one output shaft, and four clutches.

Abstract: A synchronizer apparatus for a transmission includes: first and second shifting gears rotatable on an output shaft; a hub spline-coupled with the output shaft and having a slope portion having slanted surfaces; a sleeve spline-coupled with the hub; a key coupled with a recess of a slope portion; first and second clutch gears disposed between the hub and shifting gears; first and second outer rings and first and second inner rings disposed between the hub and clutch gears; first and second synchronizer cones disposed between the first inner and outer rings and the second inner and outer rings; a poppet ball unit disposed at the sleeve and contacting the key through a poppet ball; first and second push blocks disposed at the slanted surfaces; and first and second push springs inserted in spring holes formed at the push blocks to force push blocks to the slanted surfaces.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an O-succinyl homoserine transferase mutant, a polynucleotide encoding the same, a microorganism including the mutant, and a method of producing O-succinyl homoserine using the microorganism.

Abstract: A power transmission apparatus may include a first input shaft fixedly connected to an engine output shaft, a second input shaft and selectively connectable to the first input shaft, a third input selectively connectable to the first input shaft, an intermediate shaft and first and second output shafts, an idle shaft mounted, a planetary gear set, the second rotation element and one of the first and third rotation elements selectively connectable to the intermediate shaft, the first and third rotation elements connected to the third and second input shafts, a plurality of gear sets, a first synchronizer selectively receiving a torque from the second input shaft and transmitting the received first torque to the first output shaft, a second synchronizer selectively receiving a torque from the third input shaft and transmitting the received second torque to the second output shaft, and four clutches.

Abstract: A power transmission apparatus for a vehicle may include a first input shaft fixedly connected to an engine output shaft, a second input shaft coaxial with the first input shaft a third input shaft coaxial with the second input shaft, an intermediate shaft and at least one output shaft, a planetary gear set mounted on an axis of the intermediate shaft, a plurality of gear sets, each of which allows at least one torque flow between the intermediate shaft, the first, second, and third input shafts, the output shaft and the planetary gear set, a first synchronizer mounted on the output shaft, selectively receiving a torque from the second input shaft, a second synchronizer mounted on the output shaft, selectively receiving a torque from the third input shaft through two paths, and transmitting the received torque to the output shaft, and four clutches each of which facilitating selective connection.

Abstract: A gear shifting apparatus for a multi-speed transmission includes a shifting unit controlling gear shifting by a torque of an actuator and a parking unit controlling a parking state by the torque of the actuator. The actuator includes a control motor transmitting a driving torque to driven gears of the shifting and parking units through a drive gear externally gear-meshed with the driven gears. The shifting unit includes a cam block connected to a first driven gear engaged with the drive gear and having a cam surface on an exterior circumference for shift-stages for controlling gear shifting. In addition, the parking unit includes a parking gear and a parking sprag having an engagement end for controlling engagement and disengagement of a parking state.

Abstract: A clutching device of an automatic transmission may include: a clutch drum connected with a first rotation element, a clutch connected with the clutch drum and also connected with a second rotation element for selective torque delivery, and a piston unit to operate the clutch. In particular, the piston unit includes: a first piston moving toward the clutch by a hydraulic pressure; a spring retainer arranged on the first rotation element; a support drum arranged in the first piston; a second piston arranged in the support drum and moving in an axial direction of the first rotation element; a first return spring applying restoring force to the first piston; a second return spring applying restoring force to the second piston; a latch spring applying pressure to the clutch when the first piston moves toward the clutch; and a latch device selectively limiting bidirectional movement of the first piston.

Abstract: A power transmission apparatus for a hybrid electric vehicle includes: a planetary gear set including first, second and third rotary elements; a first shaft fixedly connected to an output shaft of an engine; a second shaft fixedly connected to the first rotary element and a first motor/generator; a third shaft receiving rotational power from the first shaft; a fourth shaft selectively connected with the first shaft, and the fourth shaft selectively receiving rotational power from the first shaft or from the third rotary element; a fifth shaft fixedly connected to a second motor/generator; and a sixth shaft transmitting rotational power transmitted from the fifth shaft to a final reduction gear of the differential gear. In particular, the six shafts are connected to external gears mutually by four gear sets so that rotational power is transmitted.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a microorganism for producing an L-amino acid with enhanced activity of ?-glucosidase and a method for producing an L-amino acid using the same. According to the present disclosure, the microorganism of the genus Corynebacterium producing an L-amino acid has enhanced activity of ?-glucosidase, thereby improving L-amino acid production yield. Therefore, the microorganism may be very usefully used for L-amino acid production.

Abstract: A power transmission apparatus may include a first input shaft fixedly connected to an engine output shaft, a second input shaft mounted external to the first input shaft, a third input shaft mounted and external to the second input shaft, an intermediate shaft and first and second output shafts, an idle shaft mounted in parallel with the second output shaft, a planetary gear mounted on an axis of the intermediate shaft, a plurality of gear sets the first, and second output shafts, the idle shaft, and the planetary gear set, a first synchronizer mounted on the first output shaft, a second synchronizer mounted on the second output shaft, selectively receiving a torque from the third input shaft through two paths, and transmitting the received torque to the second output shaft, and four clutches each of which facilitating selective connection.

Abstract: Provided are a novel promoter and a method of producing L-amino acid using the same.

Abstract: A powertrain may include drive gears provided in an input shaft; an output shaft configured such that a differential is connected thereto; a first driven gear and a second driven gear rotatably provided in the output shaft to be engaged with the drive gears to form respective gear stages; a first clutch and a second clutch; two driveshafts provided to output power in opposed directions from the differential; and a third clutch configured to change a connection relationship among a selected driveshaft of the two driveshafts, the second driven gear, and the output shaft by sliding along an axial direction of the input shaft while being connected to the output shaft via the second clutch.

Abstract: A power transmission apparatus may include a first input shaft, a second input shaft external and selectively connectable to the first input shaft, a third input shaft external to the second input shaft and selectively connectable to the first input shaft, an intermediate shaft, first and second output shafts, first and second idle shafts, a planetary gear set mounted on the intermediate shaft and having first to elements and where two elements are selectively connectable to the intermediate shaft, a plurality of gear sets allowing torque flows between the various shafts and the planetary gear set, first and second synchronizers respectively mounted on the first and second output shafts, selectively receiving a torque from the second and third input shafts through two paths, and transmitting the received torque to the first and second output shaft, and four clutches.

Abstract: A power transmission apparatus may include a first input shaft fixedly connected to an engine output shaft, a second input shaft mounted external to the first input shaft, a third input shaft mounted and external to the second input shaft, an intermediate shaft and first and second output shafts, an idle shaft mounted in parallel with the second output shaft, a planetary gear mounted on an axis of the intermediate shaft, a plurality of gear sets the first, and second output shafts, the idle shaft, and the planetary gear set, a first synchronizer mounted on the first output shaft, a second synchronizer mounted on the second output shaft, selectively receiving a torque from the third input shaft through two paths, and transmitting the received torque to the second output shaft, and four clutches each of which facilitating selective connection.

Abstract: A power transmission apparatus for a vehicle may include a first input shaft fixedly connected to an engine output shaft, a second input shaft coaxial with the first input shaft a third input shaft coaxial with the second input shaft, an intermediate shaft and at least one output shaft, a planetary gear set mounted on an axis of the intermediate shaft, a plurality of gear sets, each of which allows at least one torque flow between the intermediate shaft, the first, second, and third input shafts, the output shaft and the planetary gear set, a first synchronizer mounted on the output shaft, selectively receiving a torque from the second input shaft, a second synchronizer mounted on the output shaft, selectively receiving a torque from the third input shaft through two paths, and transmitting the received torque to the output shaft, and four clutches each of which facilitating selective connection.

Abstract: A power transmission apparatus may include a first input shaft fixedly connected to an engine output shaft, a second input shaft external and selectively connectable to the first input shaft, a third input shaft external to the second input shaft and selectively connectable to the first input shaft, an intermediate shaft and an output shaft mounted in parallel with the input shafts, a planetary gear set having first to third elements and mounted on the intermediate shaft where two of the three elements are selectively connectable to the intermediate shaft, a plurality of gear sets allowing torque flows between the various shafts and the planetary gear set, first and second synchronizers mounted on the at least one output shaft to selectively receive torques from the second and third input shafts through a plurality of paths and to transmit the received torque to the at least one output shaft, and four clutches.

Abstract: A power transmission apparatus may include a motor/generator having a rotor selectively connectable to an engine output shaft, a first input shaft mounted coaxial with the engine output shaft and selectively connectable to the rotor, a second input shaft external to the first input shaft and fixedly connected to the rotor, an intermediate shaft parallel with the input shafts, first and second output shafts receiving torques from the first and second input shafts, and outputting a shifted torque based on the received torques, a planetary gear set mounted on the first output shaft, having a sun gear fixedly connected to the first output shaft, selectively receiving torques from the first and second input shafts and the intermediate shaft, and outputting a shifted torque based on the received torques to the first output shaft, and a plurality of gear sets allowing torque flows between the various shafts.

Abstract: A power transmission apparatus may include a first input shaft fixedly connected to an engine output shaft, a second input shaft and selectively connectable to the first input shaft, a third input selectively connectable to the first input shaft, an intermediate shaft and first and second output shafts, an idle shaft mounted, a planetary gear set, the second rotation element and one of the first and third rotation elements selectively connectable to the intermediate shaft, the first and third rotation elements connected to the third and second input shafts, a plurality of gear sets, a first synchronizer selectively receiving a torque from the second input shaft and transmitting the received first torque to the first output shaft, a second synchronizer selectively receiving a torque from the third input shaft and transmitting the received second torque to the second output shaft, and four clutches.

Abstract: A transmission may include a first input shaft, a second input shaft external and selectively connectable to the first input shaft, a third input shaft external to the second input shaft and selectively connectable to the first input shaft, an intermediate shaft, an idle shaft, and an output shaft, a planetary gear set mounted on the intermediate shaft and having first to third elements where the third element and one the first and second elements are selectively connectable to the intermediate shaft and the first and second elements are connected to the third and second input shafts, a plurality of gear sets allowing torque flows between the various shafts and the planetary gear set, first and second synchronizers on the output shaft, receiving torques from the input shafts, and selectively transmitting the received torque to the output shaft, and four clutches.

Abstract: A power transmission apparatus may include a motor/generator having a rotor selectively connectable to an engine output shaft, a first input shaft mounted coaxial with the engine output shaft and selectively connectable to the rotor, a second input shaft external to the first input shaft and fixedly connected to the rotor, an intermediate shaft parallel with the input shafts, first and second output shafts receiving torques from the first and second input shafts, and outputting a shifted torque based on the received torques, a planetary gear set mounted on the first output shaft, having a sun gear fixedly connected to the first output shaft, selectively receiving torques from the first and second input shafts and the intermediate shaft, and outputting a shifted torque based on the received torques to the first output shaft, and a plurality of gear sets allowing torque flows between the various shafts.