Abstract: An example embodiment of the image sensor includes a light-sensing device including a first electrode, a second electrode disposed opposite to the first electrode, and a photoelectric conversion layer positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode. The photoelectric conversion layer includes a block copolymer including electron donating blocks and electron accepting blocks. The electron donating blocks are deposited together and connected to the first electrode and the second electrode. The electron accepting blocks are deposited together and connected to the first electrode and the second electrode. A color filter may be positioned on the second electrode of the light-sensing device.

Abstract: A printing apparatus includes a first nozzle substrate having a first tapered nozzle unit aligned with a pressure chamber and a second nozzle substrate having a second tapered nozzle unit aligned with the first tapered nozzle unit and attached to the bottom of the first nozzle substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and a method of driving a switched reluctance motor. The apparatus includes: a power supply unit; N pairs of coils; N common switch devices each connected in series with an upper portion of each of the N pairs of coils; N pairs of lower switch devices each connected in series with a lower portion of each of the N pairs of coils; first freewheel diodes; second freewheel diodes; and a switch driving unit providing a control signal to the N common switch devices and the N pairs of lower switch devices to sequentially supply current to the N pairs of coils.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus of driving wheels for an in-wheel system, including: a driving shaft which is the center of rotatable driving; a fixation supporter rotatably supporting the driving shaft and coupled to the driving shaft; an in-wheel motor generating rotational power, which is coupled to the inside of a wheel in which a tire is mounted on one driving shaft in a shaft direction of the fixation supporter; and a balancing member formed on the other driving shaft in the shaft direction of the fixation supporter and formed at a position corresponding to the wheel coupled with the in-wheel motor. According to the present invention, an eccentricity phenomenon which is caused due to inclination of a wheel and a motor in one direction of a fixation supporter can be prevented in an apparatus of driving wheels for an in-wheel system.

Abstract: A printing apparatus includes: a flow channel plate including, a pressure chamber, a nozzle including an outlet through which ink contained in the pressure chamber is ejected, and a trench disposed around the nozzle, and the outlet extending into the trench; a piezoelectric actuator configured to provide a change in pressure to eject the ink contained in the pressure chamber; and an electrostatic actuator configured to provide an electrostatic driving force to the ink contained in the nozzle.

Abstract: A photodiode according to example embodiments includes an anode, a cathode, and an intrinsic layer between the anode and the cathode. The intrinsic layer includes a P-type semiconductor and an N-type semiconductor, and composition ratios of the P-type semiconductor and the N-type semiconductor vary within the intrinsic layer depending on a distance of the intrinsic layer from one of the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: An electronic chalkboard system, a control method thereof, and a pointing device are provided. The electronic chalkboard system includes a plurality of display panels; a pointing device which calculates coordinate information about a touched position based on a reference signal generated on the display panels when touching a first panel among the display panels; and an image processor which generates a signal differently set with respect to each of the display panels on the display panels to determine the first panel among the display panels and displays an image corresponding to the coordinate information calculated by the pointing device on the first panel.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for displaying stereoscopic images. The apparatus for displaying stereoscopic images includes a stereoscopic image-generating part, a main display part, a sub-display part, and a translucent reflective structure part. The stereoscopic image-generating part splits a single image to generate a first stereoscopic image to be directly viewed by a user and a second stereoscopic image to be reflected and viewed by the user. The main display part directly displays the first stereoscopic image to a gaze of a user. The sub-display part displays the second stereoscopic image. The translucent reflective structure part reflects the second stereoscopic image displayed on the sub-display part.

Abstract: An example embodiment relates to a method of manufacturing an array of electric devices that includes attaching a platform including a micro-channel structure to a substrate. The method includes injecting first and second solutions into the micro-channel structure to form at least three liquid film columns, where the first and second solutions include different solvent composition ratios and the liquid columns each, respectfully, include different solvent composition ratios. The method further includes detaching the platform the substrate, removing solvent from the liquid film columns to form thin film columns, and treating the thin film columns under different conditions along a length direction of the thin film columns. The solvent is removed from the thin film columns and the thin film columns are treated under different conditions along a length direction of the thin film columns.

Abstract: An adjustable helmet and a head massager are provided. The adjustable helmet comprises a ring-shaped latitudinal shell and a longitudinal shell connected across the latitudinal shell, at least one of the longitudinal shell and the latitudinal shell has an adjustable means, the inside of the adjustable means has a bidirectional locking structure. In the embodiments, the adjustable means has a bidirectional locking structure which can lock the latitudinal shell or longitudinal shell in bi-direction. When the latitudinal shell or longitudinal shell is disengaged or contracted by the adjustable means and is locked by the bidirectional locking structure, the latitudinal shell or longitudinal shell is fixed in the expanding direction or contracting direction and can't continue to be expanded or contracted inwards. Advantageously, the helmet in use has a constant size, which is useful for users, when the above-mentioned adjustable helmet is applied to a head massager, it's convenient for massage.

Abstract: Provided is a method of designing a coaxial dual-tube type hot gas duct for a very-high-temperature reactor. When determining the outer diameter of an inner tube and the inner diameter of a pressure tube, both of which defines an annular part of the hot gas duct having a dual-tube shape, one selected from hydraulic heads, flow rates, and hydraulic heads of very-high-temperature helium gas flowing to a very-high-temperature region and low-temperature helium gas flowing to a low-temperature region is taken into consideration as well as is a relation of about heat balance model, so that it is possible to minimize flow induced vibrations caused by the flow of a fluid.

Abstract: A memory device includes a lower electrode formed on a substrate, and an information storage unit formed on the lower electrode. The information storage unit includes a plurality of information storage layers spaced apart from one another. Each of the plurality of information storage layers is an information unit. A method of manufacturing a memory device uses a porous film to form the plurality of information storage layers.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for presenting network resources on a computer having a browser. The method includes determining at least one network resource to be independently presented and obtaining network attribute information of the at least one network resource. The method also includes obtaining a resource list window for listing network resources that need to be presented independently using network resource as unit and displaying identification information of the at least one network resource in the resource list window. Further, the method includes, when a network resource corresponding to an entry of identification information in the resource list window needs to be independently presented, presenting the network resource independently using the network attribute information of the network resource.

Abstract: An example embodiment of the image sensor includes a light-sensing device including a first electrode, a second electrode disposed opposite to the first electrode, and a photoelectric conversion layer positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode. The photoelectric conversion layer includes a block copolymer including electron donating blocks and electron accepting blocks. The electron donating blocks are deposited together and connected to the first electrode and the second electrode. The electron accepting blocks are deposited together and connected to the first electrode and the second electrode. A color filter may be positioned on the second electrode of the light-sensing device.

Abstract: An example embodiment relates to a semiconductor device including a semiconductor element. The semiconductor element may include a plurality of unit layers spaced apart from each other in a vertical direction. Each unit layer may include a patterned graphene layer. The patterned graphene layer may be a layer patterned in a nanoscale. The patterned graphene layer may have a nanomesh or nanoribbon structure. The semiconductor device may be a transistor or a diode. An example embodiment relates to a method of making a semiconductor device including a semiconductor element.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for presenting page elements on a computer having a browser for a user of the computer. The method includes identifying a page element in a web page displayed in a browser window of the browser as a target page element and modifying a coordinate type of the target page element. The method also includes presenting the target page element at a fixed position relative to the browser window based on the modified coordinate type.

Abstract: A reflective display device may include pixels. Each pixel may include sub-pixels. Each sub-pixel may include first and second substrates spaced apart from each other; a driving unit formed on a top surface of the first substrate; a reflective layer, acting as a first electrode to which a voltage is applied by the driving unit, disposed above the driving unit; a second electrode formed on a bottom surface of the second substrate; a color filter layer disposed between the reflective layer and the second electrode; and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) layer. If the color filter layer is formed on the reflective layer; then the PDLC layer may be disposed between the second electrode and color filter layer. If the color filter layer is formed on a bottom surface of the second electrode, then the PDLC layer may be disposed between the reflective layer and color filter layer.

Abstract: Provided is a pixel of a multi-stacked complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor and a method of manufacturing the image sensor including a light-receiving unit that may include first through third photodiode layers that are sequentially stacked, an integrated circuit (IC) that is formed below the light-receiving unit, electrode layers that are formed on and below each of the first through third photodiode layers, and a contact plug that connects the electrode layer formed below each of the first through third photodiode layers with a transistor of the IC.

Abstract: An organic semiconductor device includes an organic semiconductor, an electrode electrically connected to the organic semiconductor, and a self-assembled monolayer positioned between the organic semiconductor and the electrode, the self-assembled monolayer including a monomer having an anchor group at one end and an ionic functional group at another end.

Abstract: According to example embodiments, a reflective film includes a plurality of first concave-convex elements having a curved surface and a plurality of second concave-convex elements on the curved surface. The second concave-convex elements may be a smaller scale than a scale of the plurality of first concave-convex elements. The reflective structure may further include a color purity control element configured to reduce degradation of a color purity expressed by the reflective film. The color purity control element may be configured such that at least a complementary light with respect to a color light reflected by the reflective film travels in the same direction as the reflected color light.