Abstract: Provided are an electron multiplier electrode using a secondary electron extraction electrode and a terahertz radiation source using the electron multiplier electrode. The electron multiplier electrode includes: a cathode; an emitter disposed on the cathode and extracting electron beams; a gate electrode for switching the electron beams, the gate electrode being disposed on the cathode to surround the emitter; and a secondary electron extraction electrode disposed on the gate electrode and including a secondary electron extraction layer extracting secondary electrons due to collision of the electron beams.

Abstract: A transistor includes: a semiconductor substrate; a channel region arranged on the semiconductor substrate; a source and a drain respectively arranged on either side of the channel region; and a conductive nano tube gate arranged on the semiconductor substrate to transverse the channel region between the source and the drain. Its method of manufacture includes: arranging a conductive nano tube on a surface of a semiconductor substrate; defining source and drain regions having predetermined sizes and traversing the nano tube; forming a metal layer on the source and drain regions; removing a portion of the metal layer formed on the nano tube to respectively form source and drain electrodes separated from the metal layer on either side of the nano tube; and doping a channel region below the nano tube arranged between the source and drain electrodes by ion-implanting.

Abstract: An interface system between a user and a vehicle includes a vehicle information terminal in communication with the vehicle; a VXML server that converts information into voice signals, and receives and transmits the voice signals between the vehicle information terminal and a telephone; an SMS server that converts information into a message, and transmits the message to the telephone; and a WIPI server that receives and transmits vehicle remote control information between the telephone and the vehicle information terminal.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a four-mask method of manufacturing an array substrate of a liquid crystal display device and the liquid crystal display device having the same array substrate.

Abstract: A field emission device and a field emission display (FED) using the same and a method of making the field emission device. The FED includes a glass substrate, a layer of a material formed on the glass substrate and having a concave portion, a cathode electrode formed on the material layer and also having a concave portion, electron emitters formed on the concave portion of the cathode electrode, a gate insulating layer formed on the cathode electrode and having a cavity communicating with the concave portion, and a gate electrode formed on the gate insulating layer and having a gate aperture aligned with the cavity.

Abstract: An array panel for a liquid crystal display device includes a substrate, a gate line and a gate electrode on the substrate, wherein the gate line is connected to the gate electrode, a gate insulating layer on the gate line and the gate electrode, an active layer on the gate insulating layer, an ohmic contact layer on the active layer, a data line, a source electrode, and a drain electrode on the ohmic contact layer, wherein the data line, the source electrode, and the drain electrode are formed of molybdenum, a passivation layer on the data line, the source and drain electrodes, and a pixel electrode on the passivation layer, wherein the ohmic contact layer has the same shape as the data line, the source, and drain electrodes, and the active layer has the same shape as the data line, and the source electrode, and the drain electrode except for a channel area between the source electrode and the drain electrode, and the channel area has a “U” shape.

Abstract: A field emission device and its method of manufacture includes: a substrate; a plurality of cathode electrodes formed on the substrate and having slot shaped cathode holes to expose the substrate; emitters formed on the substrate exposed through each of the cathode holes and separated from both side surfaces of the cathode holes, the emitters being formed along a lengthwise direction of the cathode holes; an insulating layer formed on the substrate to cover the cathode electrodes and having insulating layer holes communicating with the cathode holes; and a plurality of gate electrodes formed on the insulating layer and having gate holes communicating with the insulating layer holes.

Abstract: A Carbon NanoTube (CNT) structure includes a substrate, a CNT support layer, and a plurality of CNTs. The CNT support layer is stacked on the substrate and has pores therein. One end of each of the CNTs is attached to portions of the substrate exposed through the pores and each of the CNTs has its lateral sides supported by the CNT support layer. A method of vertically aligning CNTs includes: forming a first conductive substrate; stacking a CNT support layer having pores on the first conductive substrate; and attaching one end of the each of the CNTs to portions of the first conductive substrate exposed through the pores.

Abstract: A field emission backlight unit for a liquid crystal display (LCD) includes: a lower substrate; first electrodes and second electrodes alternately formed in parallel lines on the lower substrate; emitters disposed on at least the first electrodes; an upper substrate spaced apart from the lower substrate by a predetermined distance such that the upper and lower substrates face each other; a third electrode formed on a bottom surface of the upper substrate; and a fluorescent layer formed on the third electrode. Since the backlight unit has a triode-type field emission structure, field emission is very stable. Since the first electrodes and the second electrodes are formed in the same plane, brightness uniformity is improved and manufacturing processes are simplified.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a field emission display includes: sequentially forming a cathode electrode, an insulating layer, and a gate material layer on a substrate; forming a metal sacrificial layer on an upper surface of the gate material layer; forming a through hole to expose the insulating layer in the metal sacrificial layer and the gate material layer; forming an emitter hole to expose the cathode electrode in the insulating layer exposed through the through hole; forming a gate electrode by etching the gate material layer constituting an upper wall of the emitter hole; and forming an emitter of Carbon NanoTubes (CNTs) on an upper surface of the cathode electrode located below the through hole.

Abstract: A nanowire electromechanical switching device is constructed with a source electrode and a drain electrode disposed on an insulating substrate and spaced apart from each other, a first nanowire vertically grown on the source electrode and to which a V1 voltage is applied, a second nanowire vertically grown on the drain electrode and to which a V2 voltage having an opposite polarity to that of the V1 voltage is applied, and a gate electrode spaced apart from the second nanowire, partially surrounding the second nanowire and having an opening that faces the first nanowire in order to avoid disturbing a mutual switching operation of the first nanowire and the second nanowire and to which a V3 voltage having the same polarity as that of the V2 voltage is applied.

Abstract: A transfer film includes an organic film that can be removed using a solvent and a metal film formed on the organic film. The metal film is formed by: preparing a first substrate; forming a transfer film by stacking an organic film and a metal film on the first substrate; separating the transfer film from the first substrate; bonding the transfer film separated from the first substrate to a second substrate by arranging the metal film to face the second substrate; and removing the organic film from the metal film using a solvent.

Abstract: An electroluminescent device uses nano structures having a wide surface area. The electroluminescent device includes a substrate, a first electrode having a plurality of nano structures formed on an upper surface of the substrate, a dielectric layer formed so as to correspond to the shape of the nano structures, a light emitting layer formed so as to correspond to the shape of the dielectric layer, and a second electrode covering the light emitting layer. A surface of the second electrode facing the light emitting layer is separated by a predetermined distance from a surface of the nano structures.

Abstract: A field emission backlight unit for a liquid crystal display (LCD) includes: a lower substrate; first electrodes and second electrodes alternately formed in parallel lines on the lower substrate; emitters disposed on at least the first electrodes; an upper substrate spaced apart from the lower substrate by a predetermined distance such that the upper and lower substrates face each other; a third electrode formed on a bottom surface of the upper substrate; and a fluorescent layer formed on the third electrode. Since the backlight unit has a triode-type field emission structure, field emission is very stable. Since the first electrodes and the second electrodes are formed in the same plane, brightness uniformity is improved and manufacturing processes are simplified.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a four-mask method of manufacturing an array substrate of a liquid crystal display device and the liquid crystal display device having the same array substrate.

Abstract: A field emission type backlight unit and a method of manufacturing the same. The field emission type backlight unit includes a lower substrate, a plurality of cathode electrodes formed on the lower substrate, a plurality of insulating layers formed in a line shape on the lower substrate and the cathode electrodes, a plurality of gate electrodes formed on the insulating layers, and at least one emitter formed of an electron emission material on each cathode electrode between the insulating layers.

Abstract: A field emission display device and a field emission type backlight device having a sealing structure for a vacuum exhaust are provided. The field emission display device is constructed with a cathode substrate and an anode substrate attached to each other and facing each other and a vacuum-exhausted panel space formed therebetween to generated a visual image. Also, the field emission display device is constructed with a sealing member disposed along edges of the cathode substrate and the anode substrate to seal the panel space. At least one inlet exposed to the panel space and an exhaust passage through which the inlet communicates with an outside of the field emission display device are formed in the sealing member. The field emission display device and the field emission type backlight device according to the present invention has a reduced number of manufacturing processes and is suitable for a compact, slim and lightweight design, and a large screen by having the sealing structure for the vacuum exhaust.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display has a pad structure. The pad structure includes at least one pad formed on a substrate, an insulating film formed on the pad, and at least one conductive layer connected to the pad through contact holes defined through the insulating film. The insulating film covers side surfaces of the pad and a portion of the substrate adjacent to the side surfaces of the pad.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method of controlling a light intensity includes measuring a critical dimension distribution of a pattern on a substrate. The critical dimension distribution is formed using a first illumination having a first intensity distribution, which is irradiated onto the substrate through a photo mask. A second intensity distribution of the first illumination by regions of the photo mask, which is used for forming a pattern having uniform dimensions on the substrate, is then obtained based on a relation between the first intensity distribution and the critical dimension distribution. The first illumination having the first intensity distribution is converted into a second illumination having the second intensity distribution as by interposing an array of light controlling elements (e.g., LCD pixels, or motorized polarizing elements) within the light path.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an upper panel of a field emission type backlight unit. The method includes: sequentially forming an anode electrode and a phosphor layer on a substrate; forming a metal reflection film on the phosphor layer; and annealing a surface of the metal reflection film. The method can increase brightness of an image, can prevent occurrence of an electric arc when a high driving voltage is applied to the backlight unit, and allows removal of residues produced when manufacturing the backlight unit.