Abstract: A method for fabricating a semiconductor device is disclosed. A plurality of trenches is formed at a predetermined cell pitch in an upper surface portion of a substrate. A first insulation film is formed on the substrate. A gate electrode is formed within each trench, wherein the gate electrode partially fills each trench. A first conductivity type region is formed in the upper surface portion of the substrate between the trenches. A second conductivity type region is formed in a side surface of the substrate between the trenches and the first conductivity type region. A second insulation film is formed covering the gate electrode within each trench, wherein an upper surface of the second insulation film is positioned lower than an upper surface of the substrate. A source metal layer is formed on the second insulation film. The source metal layer is electrically connected to the first conductivity type region and the second conductivity type region.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate and a source metal formed on the substrate. A gate pad is formed on the substrate adjacent to the source metal. A gate metal is formed on the substrate and surrounds the gate pad and the source metal. A first diode is formed between the gate metal and the source metal.

Abstract: Vertical memory devices and methods of forming the same are provided. The devices may include a gate line structure including gate lines that are stacked in a first direction and extend in a second direction. The device may also include a first step pattern structure including extended gate lines extending from the gate lines and including first step layers and a second step pattern structure contacting the first step pattern structure, including the extended gate lines and including second step layers. An n-th extended gate line (n is an even number) may be disposed at an upper portion of each of the first step layers, and an (n?1)-th extended gate line may be disposed at an upper portion of each of the second step layers. Each of exposed portions of the (n?1)-th extended gate lines serves as a pad region, and the pad regions have different areas.

Abstract: A substrate processing system includes an index module including wafer carriers. First and second heat processing units are disposed adjacent to the index module. Each of the first and second heat processing units includes a plurality of first heat processing plates sequentially stacked. First and second transfer robots are disposed adjacent to the first and second heat processing units, respectively. Each of the first and second transfer robots is movable along a vertical transfer path and to rotate. First and second coating units are disposed adjacent to first sides of the first and second transfer robots, respectively. Each of the first and second coating units includes a plurality of coating devices sequentially stacked. First and second bake units are disposed adjacent to second sides of the first and second transfer robots, respectively. Each of the first and second bake units includes a plurality of second heat processing plates sequentially stacked.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes a plurality of detectors discolored by reacting with different predetermined target gases, such that the gas sensor independently measures the amount of each target gas. A refrigerator for deciding a type and state of target food contained in a container by sensing a color change of a gas sensor mounted to the container including the target food, and a method for controlling the gas sensor are disclosed. The gas sensor for detecting a plurality of target gases includes a base and a plurality of detectors provided at the base. The detectors respectively detect different target gases, and each detector is discolored by reacting with each predetermined target gas.

Abstract: A door assembly for a charging port for an electric vehicle may include a link assembly mounted to a back of a charging port door to perform a swing operation, in which the door is mounted in a structure capable of being kept at a minimum distance between the door and a vehicle body when the door is open according to the swing operation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mobile device having a function of controlling a call connection in a lock mode by using a voice signal.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a thermochromic substrate, with which transmittance can be increased. The method includes the steps of forming a first thin film as a coating on a base substrate, the refractive index of the first thin film being different from that of a VO2 thin film; forming a pre-thermochromic thin film by coating the first thin film with pure vanadium; forming a second thin film as a coating on the pre-thermochromic thin film, the refractive index of the second thin film being different from that of a VO2 thin film; and heat-treating a resultant stack that includes the base substrate, the first thin film, the pre-thermochromic thin film and the second thin film.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for reducing noise due to a path change of an audio signal output from a device are provided. The method includes determining an input period for canceling the noise by using a time point, at which the path change is sensed, as a reference, when sensing the path change of the audio signal; low-pass filtering the audio signal in the determined input period; and interpolating a first partial signal, which is the low-pass filtered audio signal in a first predetermined period that starts from a start time point of the determined input period, and a second partial signal, which is the low-pass filtered audio signal in a second predetermined period that ends at an end time point of the determined input period, within the determined input period.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming magnetic media substrates is provided. A patterned resist layer is formed on a substrate having a magnetically susceptible layer. A conformal protective layer is formed over the patterned resist layer to prevent degradation of the pattern during subsequent processing. The substrate is subjected to an energy treatment wherein energetic species penetrate portions of the patterned resist and conformal protective layer according to the pattern formed in the patterned resist, impacting the magnetically susceptible layer and modifying a magnetic property thereof. The patterned resist and conformal protective layers are then removed, leaving a magnetic substrate having a pattern of magnetic properties with a topography that is substantially unchanged.

Abstract: A power MOSFET includes an insulating layer, a first conductivity type doping layer situated on a bottom of the insulating layer, a second conductivity type body situated on a bottom of the first conductivity type doping layer, a gate electrode adjacent to the bottom of the insulating layer and covered with an insulating film in other regions and projected to penetrate the second conductivity type body, and a source electrode including a first region situated on a top of the insulating layer and a second region in contact with the first conductivity type doping layer by penetrating the insulating layer.

Abstract: A cassette transfer apparatus includes a holding unit configured to hold a cassette having a wafer loaded therein, the cassette having at least one stepped part, and the holding unit including at least one holding part configured to have the at least one stepped part placed thereon. The at least one stepped part includes a pair of stepped parts provided at opposite surfaces of the cassette, and the at least one holding part includes a pair of holding parts that extends back and forth and is configured to have the pair of stepped parts placed thereon.

Abstract: Disclosed are monomeric avidin-like proteins with a strong and stable biotin-binding ability, protein conjugates containing two or more of the monomeric avidin-like proteins and having a multivalent binding ability to biotin, nucleic acid molecules for encoding the monomeric avidin-like proteins, and methods for producing the monomeric avidin-like proteins, so the monomeric avidin-like proteins, due to the monomeric structure, are free from a problem of the disruption of receptor functions, caused by oligomerization occurring in existing tetrameric streptavidin or tetrameric but monovalent streptavidin variants.

Abstract: An electronic device includes an operation processor for encoding image data that is generated by capturing an object, and a communication circuit for communicating with an external device. The operation processor divides an image represented by the image data into a first region and a second region based on an information signal that is received from the external device, encode first image data corresponding to the first region by a first encoding manner, and encode second image data corresponding to the second region by a second encoding manner. An outline of the first region varies depending on a shape of a display device of the external device.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided which includes an insertion terminal, a body part, and a support plate part. The insertion terminal has an insertion hole into which an insertion jack is inserted. The body part supports the insertion terminal at one side of the insertion terminal. The support plate part has a support surface being a surface opposite to the insertion terminal and supports the insertion terminal at the other side of the insertion terminal. The body part has an opposite surface opposite to the support surface, a step difference surface having a step difference with the opposite surface and placed to be deeper from the insertion hole on the basis of an insertion direction of an insertion jack than the opposite surface, and an inclined surface joining the opposite surface and the step difference surface. The support plate part transmits the force by which the insertion terminal shakes, to the body part through the inclined surface.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing graphene is provided, comprising (1) introducing a supporting substrate in a reactor; (2) preparing (nano) crystalline alumina catalyst having catalytic activity on the supporting substrate to prepare an insulating substrate; (3) growing nano graphenes on the insulating substrate to manufacture graphene film comprising graphene layer of the nano graphenes, which are grown without use of metal catalyst substantially. The graphene layer composed of the nano graphene has spatially homogeneous structural and electrical properties even in synthesis as large area and can be applied to flexible electronic devices. In addition, as it has easy detachment of the substrate and the graphene film and can detach the graphene film without damage of the substrate, leaving no residual graphene on the substrate, it is possible to grow the nano graphene by reusing the substrate.

Abstract: A high-speed stack molding device utilizing a rotary multi-mould, including a base having a moving rail formed on an upper surface thereof; a mould-rotating unit disposed on the base and supporting both ends of a multi-mould to selectively rotate the multi-mould; a movable driving frame including vertical frames extending upward from slide-coupling parts, which are moved forward and rearward along the moving rail and an upper frame connecting upper end portions of the vertical frames to cover an upper portion of the multi-mould; a fiber-reinforced resin supplying unit connected to the movable driving frame and supplying a fiber discharged from a supplying roller to the upper frame through pressure rollers; and a stacking head provided at an end portion of an articulated robot arm connected operably to the upper frame for pressurizing and stacking the fiber-reinforced resin.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for issuing an email account to a client device by a network device including an email server. The method includes: receiving an email from the client device via a first email account, which is registered in the email server before the email account of the client device is issued; reading information necessary for issuance of a new email account from the read email; and registering a second email account, which is to be issued to the client device, in the email server based on the read information.

Abstract: Disclosed are an epitope specific to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and use thereof. The disclosed epitope is a conservative position on which mutagenesis does not occur and, therefore, a composition including an antibody to the foregoing epitope or a vaccine composition including the epitope has very low possibility of causing degradation of curing efficacy due to HBV mutation, thus being very useful for HBV treatment.

Abstract: A cooking apparatus including an impedance measurer that measures impedance of an object to be heated by applying electricity to a first electrode portion and a second electrode portion that contact an outer side of the object to be heated and that are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance and a controller that determines a cooking state of the object to be heated based on the measured impedance.