Abstract: An apparatus for cleaning floor is disclosed, which is capable of maximizing a user's convenience by an automatic operation, minimizing jolt or vibration generated for its operation, and realizing enhanced endurance and safety, wherein the apparatus includes first and second movable members rectilinearly reciprocating along the same straight line in opposite directions with each other.

Abstract: A smart card includes a first integrated circuit (IC) chip and a second IC chip. The first IC chip receives a read signal from an external read device, and is responsive to the read signal to output a data signal to the external read device based on information data stored in a memory. The second IC chip receives the read signal from the external read device, and is responsive to the read signal to output an anti-skimming signal. The anti-skimming signal interferes with the data signal when both the first and second IC chips are in a read zone of the read device.

Abstract: A photographing apparatus includes a third optical group arranged between a second optical group and an iris, and to stabilize hand tremor, and the third optical group is moved along a sphere that has a center based on a predetermined point on an optical axis. As a result, a photographing apparatus has an efficient hand tremor stabilization.

Abstract: An RFID system and a method for operating the same, in which the RFID system includes an RFID tag and an RFID reader. The RFID reader communicates with the RFID tag through a tag communication signal. The RFID reader transmits a tag sensing signal having a lower level power than the tag communication signal, senses the RFID tag entering a magnetic field created by the transmitted tag sensing signal on the basis of a current change due to a change in the magnetic field, and communicates with the sensed RFID tag.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flash memory cell and method of manufacturing the same, and programming/erasing/reading method thereof. The flash memory cell comprises a first tunnel oxide film formed at a given region of a semiconductor substrate, a first floating gate formed on the first tunnel oxide film, a second tunnel oxide film formed over the semiconductor substrate and along one sidewall of the first floating gate, a second floating gate isolated from the first floating gate while contacting the second tunnel oxide film, a dielectric film formed on the first floating gate and the second floating gate, a control gate formed on the dielectric film, a first junction region formed in the semiconductor substrate below one side of the second tunnel oxide film, and a second junction region formed in the semiconductor substrate below one side of the first tunnel oxide film. Therefore, the present invention can implement 2-bit cell or 3-bit cell of a high density using the existing process technology.

Abstract: A zoom lens optical system having a third lens unit including a first correction lens unit of negative (?) power and a second correcting lens unit arranged behind the first correcting lens unit in an optical path and having positive (+) power. The system can minimize aberration variation upon hand-shaking correction and obtain high resolution upon OIS application since the third lens unit for correcting the hand-shaking is formed with a lens group of plural lenses having negative (?) power and positive (+) power. Further, the system can enhance a response speed since the minimization of aberration variation upon the hand-shaking correction can reduce driving load when lenses move due to short movement distance of the third lens unit.

Abstract: A mobile communication device includes an antenna, a SIM (subscriber identity module) card, and a battery. The antenna receives a control signal from an external device. The SIM card rectifies a charging signal of the control signal received by the antenna. The battery is charged with the rectified charging signal. The control signal may be an RF (radio frequency) control signal.

Abstract: A robot according to the present invention cleans the outer surface of a window/wall by performing automatic movement along the outer surface of the window/wall while being vacuum-sucked onto the outer surface. The robot includes a moving unit for moving the robot in a first direction, a direction changing unit for rotating the moving unit to change a movement direction of the robot, and a cleaning unit mounted on at least one side of the robot. The robot can prevent water used to clean the window or outer wall of a building from being dropped toward a lower story. Also, the robot can run smoothly so that it can achieve a satisfactory cleaning operation without forming spots. The robot uses a turntable system, so that it can also freely change the movement direction thereof about the center thereof up to 360° without requiring any radius of rotation, to easily approach even a dead zone.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus having an auxiliary chiller is provided. The apparatus can include a wafer chuck on which a wafer is mounted and in which a cooling cavity is formed. A main chiller having a main coolant reservoir can be spaced apart from the wafer chuck. The cooling cavity and the main coolant reservoir can be arranged in communication with each other through coolant passages. The coolant passages can include an auxiliary chiller detachably installed thereon, respectively. A method of cooling a wafer chuck or process chamber during a semiconductor device fabrication process is also provided. Using the method and apparatuses of this invention, fine temperature adjustments of the wafer chuck are possible.

Abstract: A system includes a subscriber identity module (SIM card and a communication circuit. The communication circuit communicates with an external device through a first wireless interface, and communicates with the SIM card through a second wireless interface. The SIM card includes a functional circuit core, an antenna and a transceiver connected to the functional circuit core and the antenna. The transceiver is configured to communicate a data signal between the functional circuit core and the communication circuit through the antenna, the communication circuit using the second wireless interface.

Abstract: An IC card system for transceiving data signal between an IC card processor and an IC card in the manner of non-contact are provided. The IC card modulates the signal to be transmitted to the processor in the manner of Quadrature Amplitude Modulation and generates the modulated signal. A card reader demodulates the signal received from the IC card in the manner of QAM. The rate of the data signal transmitted from the IC card to the card reader is improved.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to an optical interconnection module for vertical optical coupling and a method of manufacturing the optical interconnection module. The optical interconnection module includes an optical waveguide. The optical waveguide includes substrate on which electrode pads and a predetermined circuit pattern are formed; a light source unit provided on the substrate and configured to generate an optical signal and emit the signal to an outside; an optical detection unit for receiving the optical signal from the light source unit and converting the optical signal into an electric signal; drive units provided on the substrate and configured to drive the light source unit and the light detection unit in response to electric signals supplied through the electrode pads; and a cladding layer, a core layer layered on the cladding layer, and an elliptical reflecting mirror surface placed on an end of the core layer facing the light source unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical waveguide having a curved reflecting mirror surface for optical coupling and a method of manufacturing it. The method of manufacturing an optical waveguide includes the steps of coating a transparent glass substrate with a photosensitive material; radiating ultraviolet rays onto the photosensitive material through a mask in which the shape of the optical waveguide and partition blocks formed beside ends of the optical waveguide are patterned; manufacturing a photoresist stamp by developing patterns onto which the ultraviolet ray has been radiated through the mask; forming a PolyDiMethylSiloxane (PDMS) mold by coating the photo stamp with PDMS, and forming a core; forming the optical waveguide, in which the partition blocks are formed beside the ends thereof, using the PDMS mold; and dropping liquid polymer between the partition blocks formed beside the ends of the optical waveguide using an inkjet header and hardening it.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a semiconductor device includes a chamber and an exhaust system for exhausting byproducts from the chamber and adjusting an internal pressure of the chamber. The exhaust system includes an exhaust pipe connected to the chamber, a pump unit coupled with the exhaust pipe, and a cleaning unit connected to a portion of the exhaust pipe or directly connected to the pump unit to supply a cleaning gas to the pump unit.

Abstract: A zoom lens optical system having a third lens unit including a first correction lens unit of negative (?) power and a second correcting lens unit arranged behind the first correcting lens unit in an optical path and having positive (+) power. The system can minimize aberration variation upon hand-shaking correction and obtain high resolution upon OIS application since the third lens unit for correcting the hand-shaking is formed with a lens group of plural lenses having negative (?) power and positive (+) power. Further, the system can enhance a response speed since the minimization of aberration variation upon the hand-shaking correction can reduce driving load when lenses move due to short movement distance of the third lens unit.

Abstract: Contactless cards and a corresponding anti-collision coupling method are provided, where the method includes requesting that the cards transmit their unique identifiers that each include a fixed number of bytes, receiving the unique identifiers simultaneously as byte-wise positive pulses, counting the received positive pulses, and determining that more than one card responded if the number of received positive pulses exceeds the fixed number of bytes; and where the contactless cards each include a unique identifier having a number of bytes, a receiver for receiving an anti-collision command indicative of a desired identifier byte, a comparator in signal communication with the receiver for comparing the desired identifier byte with a corresponding byte of the unique identifier, and a transmitter responsive to the comparator for transmitting the unique identifier as byte-wise positive pulses if the desired identifier byte matches the corresponding byte of the unique identifier.

Abstract: A zoom lens optical system includes a first optical group with a first lens having negative refraction, a second lens having positive refraction, and a light path changing unit to change the path of an incident light passing through the first lens to have light incident on the second lens. A second optical group is provided for varying magnification. The second optical group has a third lens having negative refraction, a fourth lens, and a fifth lens, wherein the fourth and fifth lenses are integrally connected and have negative refraction. A third optical group includes an iris diaphragm, a sixth lens having positive refraction, and a seventh lens having negative refraction. A fourth optical group is provided for focusing. The fourth optical group has an eighth lens and a ninth lens being integrally connected and both having positive refraction.

Abstract: Provided is a high voltage transistor in a flash memory device comprising: a source/drain junction of a DDD structure consisting of a high-concentration impurity region and a low-concentration impurity region surrounding the high-concentration impurity region, the high-concentration impurity region being formed in parallel with a gate electrode at a distance spaced by a location in which a contact hole is formed, and having a rectangular shape whose width is the same as or wider than that of the contact hole and whose length is the same as or narrower than that of an active region through which the gate electrode passes. Accordingly, a current density to pass the gate electrode neighboring the contact hole portion and a current density to pass the gate electrode at a portion where the contact hole cannot be formed become uniform. A uniform and constant saturation current can be obtained regardless of the number of the contact hole.

Abstract: The invention provides a ceramic package, a ceramic package having such a sealing structure and a fabrication method of thereof. In the ceramic package, a wall layer made of a plurality of laminated ceramic sheets and having a cavity formed in a central portion thereof is stacked on a top of a base layer made of a plurality of laminated ceramic sheets. A metal layer is coated on the wall layer around the cavity to expose an outer peripheral portion of the wall layer. A glass layer is coated on the outer peripheral portion of the wall layer, which is not coated with the metal layer, to contact with the metal layer. A lid is attached on the metal layer to seal the cavity. The glass layer is coated around the metal layer, which is attached on the ceramic wall layer around the cavity, to reinforce the bonding force between the metal layer and the underlying ceramic wall layer thereby potentially preventing creation of cracks between the metal layer and the underlying ceramic wall layer.

Abstract: A zoom lens optical system includes a first optical group with a first lens having negative refraction, a second lens having positive refraction, and a light path changing unit to change the path of an incident light passing through the first lens to have light incident on the second lens. A second optical group is provided for varying magnification. The second optical group has a third lens having negative refraction, a fourth lens, and a fifth lens, wherein the fourth and fifth lenses are integrally connected and have negative refraction. A third optical group includes an iris diaphragm, a sixth lens having positive refraction, and a seventh lens having negative refraction. A fourth optical group is provided for focusing. The fourth optical group has an eighth lens and a ninth lens being integrally connected and both having positive refraction.