Abstract: A liposome comprising bilayer and inner water phase is disclosed. Said inner water phase contains sulfobutyl ether cyclodextrin and active compound. Said sulfobutyl ether cyclodextrin is sulfobutyl ether ?-cyclodextrin, sulfobutyl ether ?-cyclodextrin, or sulfobutyl ether ?-cyclodextrin.

Abstract: This invention provides highly regioselective and stereoselective processes for preparing synthetic nucleosides. A process for the preparation of synthetic nucleosides is provided that comprises a) preparing a bicycloamide derivative, b) reacting the bicycloamide derivative with a nucleic acid base or heterocyclic base or salt thereof in the presence of a transition metal catalyst to form a cyclopentenecarboxamide, and c) cleaving a carboxamide group from the cyclopentenecarboxamide to form the synthetic nucleoside. The processes according to the invention can be used for the synthesis of a variety of anti-viral agents, including Abacavir, Carbovir, and Entecavir, as well as derivatives thereof.

Abstract: Briefly described, embodiments of the present disclosure include novel fluorescent nucleoside analogs (fNAs) including a fluorescent nucleobase, selected from a purine and a pyrimidine base or analog thereof, and a modified sugar moiety that differs in structure from a sugar moiety of a naturally occurring nucleoside. In embodiments, the fNAs of the present disclosure are analogues of NA prodrugs used to treat viral disorders. Embodiments of the present disclosure also include methods of making the novel fNAs of the present disclosure.