Abstract: A camera module is provided. The camera module includes a first lens having a convex object-side surface; a second lens having a convex object-side surface; a third lens having positive refractive power; a fourth lens having a convex image-side surface; and a fifth lens having a refractive power, wherein the first to fifth lens are sequentially disposed from an object side toward an imaging plane, wherein a focal length of the second lens is within a range of ?10 mm to ?7.0 mm, and wherein 1.0<TTL/f<1.2, where TTL is a distance from the object-side surface of the first lens to the imaging plane and f is a focal length of the lens imaging system.

Abstract: Disclosed are a substrate processing method and a substrate processing apparatus. The substrate processing method of etching a thin film formed on a substrate in units of atomic layers includes a modifying step of supplying a modifying gas to a processing space in a chamber accommodating the substrate to modify a surface of the thin film and form a modified film having a first thickness, a surface adsorption step of supplying a precursor to the processing space to adsorb the precursor to the modified surface of the thin film, and an etching step of supplying heat to the substrate adsorbed with the precursor to etch the modified surface of the thin film adsorbed with the precursor. The surface adsorption step and the etching step are repeatedly performed multiple times until the modified film having the first thickness is etched.

Abstract: An optical imaging system includes a plurality of lenses disposed along an optical axis from an object side of the optical imaging system toward an imaging plane of the optical imaging system. The lenses are separated from each other by respective air gaps along the optical axis between the lenses. The lenses include a first lens closest to the object side of the optical imaging system. The conditional expressions 1.5 mm<Gmax, TL<12.0 mm, and 0.15<R1/f are satisfied, where Gmax is a maximum air gap along the optical axis among all of the air gaps, TL is a length of the optical imaging system along the optical axis from an object-side surface of the first lens to the imaging plane, R1 is a radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the first lens, and f is a focal length of the optical imaging system.

Abstract: An optical imaging system includes a first lens group including a reflective member and one or two lenses disposed in front of the reflective member; and a second lens group disposed behind the reflective member and including a plurality of lenses. The one or two lenses included in the first lens group have a positive refractive power overall, an image-side surface of a lens disposed closest to the reflective member among the one or two lenses included in the first lens group is concave, the reflective member includes an incident surface, a reflection surface, and an exit surface, and 0.25?D12P/DR?1.0 is satisfied, where D12P is a distance on an optical axis from the image-side surface of the lens disposed closest to the reflective member to the incident surface, and DR is a distance on the optical axis from the incident surface to the reflection surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for providing virtual reality-based eye movement exercise and visual perception training, wherein a dichoptic presentation is provided in consideration of the deviation of a user's eyeball so as to prevent additional damage to stereoscopic vision due to suppression, and is provided by adjusting the degree of difficulty by changing the locations of visual stimuli on the basis of the level of deviation and training capability of the user, thus making it possible for the user to not only receive training suitable for the user's condition, but also simultaneously undergo visual perception training including eye exercise (movement) training and stereoscopic perception recognition.

Abstract: Proposed are a precursor for forming a lanthanide metal-containing thin film, the precursor being characterized by including a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, a method for forming a lanthanide metal-containing thin film using the same, and a semiconductor element including the lanthanide metal-containing thin film. The precursor contains a lanthanide metal as the core metal atom and includes a cyclopentadienyl ligand providing properties such as a low melting point and high volatility, as well as a novel amidinate ligand that provides high structural stability, low viscosity, high volatility, high thermal stability, and properties such as being a liquid at room temperature or a solid with a low melting point. Therefore, the precursor exhibits physical properties suitable for use in a thin film formation process and thus can form a high-quality thin film.

Abstract: Proposed are a precursor for forming an yttrium- or scandium-containing thin film, the precursor being characterized by including a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, a method for forming an yttrium- or scandium-containing thin film using the same, and a semiconductor element including the yttrium- or scandium-containing thin film. The precursor contains yttrium or scandium as the core metal atom and includes a cyclopentadienyl ligand providing characteristics such as low melting point and high volatility, as well as a novel amidinate ligand that provides properties such as high structural stability, low viscosity, high volatility, high thermal stability, and being a liquid at room temperature or being a solid having a low melting point. Therefore, the precursor exhibits physical properties suitable for use in a thin film formation process and thus can form a high-quality thin film.

Abstract: Proposed are a precursor for forming a scandium- or yttrium-containing thin film, the precursor being characterized by including a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, a method for forming a scandium- or yttrium-containing thin film using the same, and a semiconductor device including the scandium- or yttrium-containing thin film. The precursor for forming the thin film contains an amidinate ligand and thus can exhibit chemical characteristics such as low viscosity, high heat resistance, and high volatility, thereby enabling the formation of a high-quality thin film.

Abstract: A damper for a glove box including a cylinder including a cylinder body that defines a space therein, a partition that divides the space into a first space and a second space, and a first protruding portion protruding from the partition so that a hole formed in the partition is extended; a piston disposed in the first space to be movable in a first direction; a valve disposed in the second space; and an elastic support unit disposed in the second space to elastically support the valve. The elastic support unit is in contact with and pressed by the partition due to movement of the piston.

Abstract: Provided is a substrate processing apparatus. The positions of a first electrode and a second electrode are adjusted in advance in consideration of differences in coefficients of thermal expansion so that a short circuit created by contact between the first electrode and the second electrode is prevented even in the case in which the first electrode and the second electrode are thermally expanded during processing. Even in the case in which the first electrode and the second electrode are thermally expanded due to an increase in temperature during processing, a short circuit between the first electrode and the second electrode can be prevented, and the uniformity of a thin film can be maintained in the substrate processing apparatus for processing a large substrate.

Abstract: A heat sink according to an example embodiment comprises: an inlet part through which a refrigerant is introduced; an outlet part through which the refrigerant received from the inlet part is discharged; and a plurality of flow channels disposed between the inlet part and the outlet part, configured to allow the refrigerant to flow, wherein the plurality of flow channels is arranged to have a spirally bent shape, and parts of the plurality of flow channels communicate with each other to allow the refrigerant to circulate between the flow channels.

Abstract: Provided herein is a smoking article from which sound is generated. The smoking article according to some embodiments of the present disclosure may include a filter portion and a smoking material portion, and a sound-generating material including a carbohydrate material may be added to the smoking material portion. The sound-generating material may generate sound as the material burns, and the sound may further provide an auditory effect during smoking. In this way, an improved smoking experience may be provided to the smoker.

Abstract: A laser device includes a laser source which emits a laser beam, a scanner located on a path of the laser beam emitted from the laser source to control the path of the laser beam, a lens module located on a path of a controlled laser beam to converge the laser beam, and a lens adaptor connecting the lens module to the scanner. The lens module includes a first lens part which accommodates a first lens, a second lens part which accommodates a second lens, and a connecting part located between the first lens part and the second lens part, where the connecting part has a longest diameter greater than a longest diameter of the first lens part and a longest diameter of the second lens part.

Abstract: An optical imaging system includes a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, a sixth lens, and a seventh lens sequentially disposed in numerical order along an optical axis of the optical imaging system from an object side of the optical imaging system toward an imaging plane of the optical imaging system, wherein the first to seventh lenses are spaced apart from each other along the optical axis, and the optical imaging system satisfies 0.4<L1TR/L7TR<1.9, where L1TR is an overall outer diameter of the first lens, L7TR is an overall outer diameter of the seventh lens, and L1TR and L7TR are expressed in a same unit of measurement.

Abstract: In one aspect, an electric furnace is provided with a double type melting furnace, which includes: a first upper cell that forms a first upper space of a first melting furnace in which a first iron source is introduced and molten; a second upper cell that is disposed in a horizontal direction of the first upper cell and forms a second upper space of a second melting furnace in which a second iron source is introduced and molten; a lower cell that is combined with lower portions of the first upper cell and the second upper cell and forms a single integrated space in which a first lower space of the first melting furnace and a second lower space of the second melting furnace are integrated; and a partition wall unit that is installed to vertically move up and down between the first upper cell and the second upper cell, and separates the first lower space of the first melting furnace and the second lower space of the second melting furnace, although both of the lower spaces are integrally formed by the lower cel

Abstract: An imaging lens system includes a first lens group, an optical path conversion element, and a second lens group arranged in order from an object side. An optical axis of the second lens group is disposed eccentrically in a direction with respect to a geometric optical axis of the optical path conversion element.

Abstract: An optical imaging system includes a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, a sixth lens, and a seventh lens sequentially disposed in numerical order along an optical axis of the optical imaging system from an object side of the optical imaging system toward an imaging plane of the optical imaging system, wherein the first to seventh lenses are spaced apart from each other along the optical axis, and the optical imaging system satisfies 0.4<L1TR/L7TR<1.9, where L1TR is an overall outer diameter of the first lens, L7TR is an overall outer diameter of the seventh lens, and L1TR and L7TR are expressed in a same unit of measurement.

Abstract: An image capturing lens system includes a first lens having negative refractive power, a second lens having positive refractive power, a third lens having negative refractive power, a fourth lens having positive refractive power, a fifth lens having refractive power, a sixth lens having refractive power, a seventh lens having positive refractive power, and an eighth lens having refractive power. The first to eighth lenses are sequentially disposed from an object side. The first lens and the fourth lens are formed of a glass material. The second lens, the third lens, the fifth lens, the sixth lens, the seventh lens, and the eighth lens are formed of a plastic material.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a blood-brain barrier permeable fusion protein and uses thereof, and provides a blood-brain barrier permeable fusion protein, a polynucleotide encoding the fusion protein, a vector including the polynucleotide, a transfection cell line transfected with the vector, and a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating diseases associated with brain dysfunction, including the fusion protein as an active ingredient.

Abstract: A refrigerator may include a storage compartment, an inner door which comprises an opening having a size corresponding to a size of the storage compartment, a plurality of door guards, and an outer door which open and close the storage compartment, wherein the inner door comprises a control unit may control an internal environment of the storage compartment.