Abstract: An optoelectronic device includes a first electrode, a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode, a photoactive layer that includes an organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite material disposed between the first and second electrodes, and a layer of a hole transport material disposed between the photoactive layer and one of the first and second electrodes. A method of producing an optoelectronic device includes forming a photoactive layer of an organic-inorganic perovskite using at least one of solution processing or thermal vacuum deposition, and depositing a layer of hole transport material on the photoactive layer using at least one of solution processing or thermal vacuum deposition. The hole transport material includes non-doped donor-acceptor (D-A) conjugated small molecules.

Abstract: In one example embodiment, an optoelectronic assembly includes a multilayer ceramic substrate that includes multiple ceramic layers and a via disposed through at least one of the ceramic layers. The via may be formed from a conductive material that is configured to communicate a signal through the via. The multilayer ceramic substrate may be configured to dissipate heat emitted by an electronic component coupled to the multilayer ceramic substrate.

Abstract: In one example embodiment, an optoelectronic assembly includes a multilayer ceramic substrate that includes multiple ceramic layers and a via disposed through at least one of the ceramic layers. The via may be formed from a conductive material that is configured to communicate a signal through the via. The multilayer ceramic substrate may be configured to dissipate heat emitted by an electronic component coupled to the multilayer ceramic substrate.

Abstract: In an example embodiment, an electronics package includes one or more insulating layers and an electrically conductive transmission line. The electrically conductive transmission line includes a signal trace disposed substantially parallel to the one or more insulating layers. The electrically conductive transmission line further includes one or more signal vias electrically coupled to the signal trace. The one or more signal vias are configured to pass through at least a portion of the one or more insulating layers. The electronics package further includes one or more electrically conductive ground planes substantially parallel to the one or more insulating layers. The ground planes include one or more signal via ground cuts. The one or more signal via ground cuts provide clearance between the one or more signal vias and the one or more ground planes.

Abstract: In an example embodiment, an electronics package includes one or more insulating layers and an electrically conductive transmission line. The electrically conductive transmission line includes a signal trace disposed substantially parallel to the one or more insulating layers. The electrically conductive transmission line further includes one or more signal vias electrically coupled to the signal trace. The one or more signal vias are configured to pass through at least a portion of the one or more insulating layers. The electronics package further includes one or more electrically conductive ground planes substantially parallel to the one or more insulating layers. The ground planes include one or more signal via ground cuts. The one or more signal via ground cuts provide clearance between the one or more signal vias and the one or more ground planes.

Abstract: Receptor type oligothiopene compounds, methods of preparing the compounds, and use of the compounds in photoelectric materials.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for storing and reading files are provided. The method includes: dividing a file into a plurality of sections, generating a unique section key for each section, and storing a main key for the file and the plurality of sections keys as a main storage record; dividing a section into a plurality of blocks, generating a unique block value for each block within the section, generating a section value corresponding to the section key based on the plurality of block values, and storing the section key and the section value as a section storage record; and associating each block value with indexing information for the corresponding block. In accordance with the method and apparatus for storing and reading files, file indexes are stored in separate groups to increase the maximum file size and the speed for reading file indexes while reducing the cost for reading file indexes.

Abstract: An electronics package includes one or more insulating layers and an electrically conductive transmission line. The electrically conductive transmission line includes a signal trace disposed substantially parallel to the one or more insulating layers. The electrically conductive transmission line further includes one or more signal vias electrically coupled to the signal trace. The one or more signal vias are configured to pass through at least a portion of the one or more insulating layers. The electronics package further includes one or more electrically conductive ground planes substantially parallel to the one or more insulating layers. The ground planes include one or more signal via ground cuts. The one or more signal via ground cuts provide clearance between the one or more signal vias and the one or more ground planes.

Abstract: Receptor type oligothiopene compounds, methods of preparing the compounds, and use of the compounds in photoelectric materials.

Abstract: In an example embodiment, an electronics package includes one or more insulating layers and an electrically conductive transmission line. The electrically conductive transmission line includes a signal trace disposed substantially parallel to the one or more insulating layers. The electrically conductive transmission line further includes one or more signal vias electrically coupled to the signal trace. The one or more signal vias are configured to pass through at least a portion of the one or more insulating layers. The electronics package further includes one or more electrically conductive ground planes substantially parallel to the one or more insulating layers. The ground planes include one or more signal via ground cuts. The one or more signal via ground cuts provide clearance between the one or more signal vias and the one or more ground planes.

Abstract: A liquid crystal optical performance monitor is described that employs a liquid crystal tunable filter for receiving a P-polarization beam and a rotated S-polarization beam from a C-polarizer. The rotated S-polarization beam from a birefringent crystal in C-polarizer propagates through a waveplate which rotates the polarization by 90 degrees, resulting in the rotated S-polarization beam having the same polarization orientation as the P-polarization beam. The liquid crystal tunable filter therefore receives just the P-polarization orientation. The C-polarizer and a small beam collimator are rotated so that the polarization orientation of the P-polarization beam and the rotated S-polarization beam matches the orientation of the LC inside the LC cavity of the LC tunable filter. In a first embodiment, the liquid crystal optical performance monitor is implemented with a photodiode. In a second embodiment, the liquid crystal optical performance monitor is implemented with a bi-cell photo diode.

Abstract: An improved apparatus and system for a re-configurable optical channel dropping de-multiplexer is herein disclosed. A re-configurable channel dropping de-multiplexer in accordance with the present invention comprises an input, a first polarizing port optically coupled to the input, a first polarization modulator optically coupled to the first polarizing port, a polarization beam splitter (PBS) having a first side that is optically coupled to the first polarization modulator at a side opposite to the first polarizing port, a second polarization modulator optically coupled to the PBS at a second side of the PBS that is opposite to the first side, a second polarizing port optically coupled to the second polarization modulator at a side opposite to the PBS and a multiple-channel output optically coupled to the second polarizing port.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for evaluating cellular status related to neoplasia. Affinity based probes, particularly having fluorophosphonates as a reactive functionality, are employed that react with a family of enzymes having a common catalytic activity, particularly serine/threonine hydrolases. The probe(s) are combined with the cell components and resulting conjugates are characterized, where the profile of reaction indicates cellular status. A novel serine/threonine hydrolase enzyme is provided.

Abstract: A dynamic gain equalizer (DGE) includes: a mirror; an electrode; and a lever with a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, where the lever is capable of rotating about a fulcrum, where the lever rotates the first end toward the electrode when the electrode is charged such that the second end blocks a portion of a channel from reaching the mirror, where an unblocked portion of the channel is reflected by the mirror. By manipulating the charge on the electrode, the rotation of the lever is controlled, determining how much of the light is blocked by the lever. Each lever in an array can attenuate a channel or a group of channels of a composite optical signal by a different amount. The DGE provides a significant range of blockage and can be closely spaced. It provides ease in integrating channel monitoring into the DGE.

Abstract: An optical variable attenuator having a reflector in a first position, and a mechanical device for positioning the reflector from the first position to a second position is disclosed. The optical variable mechanical device comprises a first and second guide slots, a moving part, and a screw, where a first guide slot is placed parallel to the second guide slot. The moving part is placed in between and extending in the parallel direction to the first and second guide slots, the screw extending into and away from the moving part. Optionally, a lock pin is used to mount a moving part to avoid injecting any tip and tilt errors. The lock pin is guided by two machined slots on a main body of a variable optical attenuator. Alternatively, two springs loaded balls are positioned in tight contact of the guide slots on the move part, instead of a lock pin.

Abstract: A dynamic gain equalizer (DGE) includes: a mirror; an electrode; and a lever with a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, where the lever is capable of rotating about a fulcrum, where the lever rotates the first end toward the electrode when the electrode is charged such that the second end blocks a portion of a channel from reaching the mirror, where an unblocked portion of the channel is reflected by the mirror. By manipulating the charge on the electrode, the rotation of the lever is controlled, determining how much of the light is blocked by the lever. Each lever in an array can attenuate a channel or a group of channels of a composite optical signal by a different amount. The DGE provides a significant range of blockage and can be closely spaced. It provides ease in integrating channel monitoring into the DGE.

Abstract: An apparatus for mechanical packaging of a piezo-actuator based add/drop module is disclosed. In one aspect of the invention, the combination of an assembly base and an optical add/drop module base provide the alignments for placing triangular prisms and a hexagonal prism. The assembly base has several sets of cylindrical pins where each set of cylindrical pins extends through the OADM base for positioning of a triangular prism or a hexagonal prism. In another aspect of the invention, a set of cylindrical pins extends through the OADM base for placement of a bimorph actuator.