Abstract: A pattern writing method acquires the area of a pattern segment located in each of a plurality of small regions obtained by dividing a region on which a pattern is to be written, small region by small region, and writes a pattern based on an optimum dose calculated based on this area. This method employs a scheme of shifting pattern segments and averaging the accumulated area, so that even when the pitch of repetitive patterns slightly differs from the side length of each small region in the pitch direction, a peculiar error does not occur, thereby ensuring highly-precise proximity effect correction and contributing to improving the precision of writing an LSI pattern.

Abstract: A charged beam lithography system includes a charged particle gun for generating charged beams, a main deflecting system and a sub-deflecting system for deflecting the charged beams generated by the charged particle gun, and a control computer. The charged beam lithography system is designed to cause the surface of a substrate to be irradiated with the charged beams from the charged particle gun while continuously moving a stage, to write a desired pattern for each of stripes defined by the maximum deflection widths of the main deflecting system and the sub-deflecting system. The charged beam lithography system further comprises: a real time proximity effect correcting circuit for calculating an optimum dosage for each of the stripes by correcting the dosage of the electron beams in view of the influence of the proximity effect; and a cash memory for storing the optimum dosage data for at least two of the stripes.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a low-oxygen copper wire is provided, in which a dehydrogenating treatment can be performed without requiring a long moving distance of molten copper, and the generation of holes in solidification is suppressed, whereby high quality low-oxygen copper wire can be obtained having superior surface quality.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a copper wire includes a melting furnace in which combustion is performed in a reducing atmosphere so as to produce molten copper; a soaking furnace for maintaining a predetermined temperature of the molten copper supplied from the melting furnace; a casting trough for sealing the molten copper supplied from the soaking furnace in a non-oxidizing atmosphere and for transferring the molten copper to a turn-dish; a degasser provided in the casting trough for dehydrogenating the molten copper passing therethrough; a continuous casting machine for continuously producing cast copper from the molten copper supplied from the turn-dish, and a cutter for cuffing the cast copper into a predetermined length.

Abstract: In a data compression method using dictionaries, there are adopted a dynamic dictionary and a static dictionary to prevent the deterioration in the data compression ratio in the leading portion of the input data which cannot be efficiently compressed using the dynamic dictionary. Moreover, the configuration removes the disadvantage of the deterioration in the data compression ratio because character strings having a low appearance frequency occupy a large portion of the dictionary. Data to be compressed is inputted via an input unit to be decomposed into input bit strings 202. Using the input bit string as a retrieval key, a bit string retrieval is conducted through the static dictionary by a decision unit and a reference unit.

Abstract: A method for monitoring equipment state by distribution measurement data comprises: the steps of momentarily taking in two-dimensional distribution measurement data relating to the state of equipments including an equipment to be monitored; allowing the two-dimensional distribution measurement data and a display result by a three-dimensional shape model of the equipment to be monitored to undergo positioning and carrying out overlaid display in such a manner that they are caused to correspond to each other; designating an equipment portion to be inspected from the display content; allowing measurement data of the equipment to be monitored to undergo mapping onto the three-dimensional shape model corresponding to the designated equipment portion; and detecting changes in the measurement data to judge presence or absence of unusual condition of the equipment.

Abstract: There is provided a compression ignition type gasoline engine operable under a stable lean burn condition with a high compression ratio, and which has a simple construction without using a pre-heating system for an air-fuel mixture. An intake port communicates with a combustion chamber via an opening. The opening is closed by an intake valve. A fuel injection valve is provided in the intake port so as to inject an amount of gasoline inside the intake port within a duration in which the opening is substantially closed by the intake valve. Heat is generated in the mixture in the combustion chamber by means of a high compression ratio so that the mixture is self-ignited only by heat generated by compression. The compression ratio ranges from about 14 to about 20.

Abstract: A process for producing improved gypsum models and molds of high duplication accuracy is provided. In the process, bundles of carbon fibers of specified length and amount having a sizing agent deposited thereon are treated to remove the sizing agent from the carbon fibers which are then separated into single fibers in water. A major part of hemihydrate gypsum (CaSO.sub.4.1/2H.sub.2 O) powder is then added to the carbon fibers dispersed in water to obtain a gypsum slurry having the carbon fibers uniformly dispersed therein. The slurry is then cast to obtain the models or molds.

Abstract: Gypsum models and molds made of a dihydrate gypsum (CaSO.sub.4 .multidot.2H.sub.2 O) having uniformly dispersed therein carbon fibers having a predetermined length in a defined range of amount are described. The molds include various types of molds such as original molds, basic molds, forming molds and the like. A method for manufacturing these molds is also described in which sizing agents deposited on carbon fibers are decomposed and removed by heating or dissolution in solvent, separating the carbon fibers into single fibers in water, adding a major part of hemihydrate gypsum (CaSO.sub.4 .multidot.1/2H.sub.2 O) powder to the carbon fiber dispersed water to obtain a gypsum slurry dispersing uniformly those single fibers, and casting the slurry in a case mold to obtain forming molds. Production efficiency for manufacturing white wares by the gypsum forming molds on which a pottery or porcelain plastic clay is jiggered removing the resulting green product from the mold is also described hemihydrate gypsum.

Abstract: A power assist steering assembly for a vehicle comprises a power assist actuator, a pump for supplying pressurized fluid to the power assist actuator, and a steering control valve comprising a movable valve member for controlling flow of pressurized fluid to the power assist actuator. A conduit that communicates pressurized fluid from the pump to the steering control valve comprises a restriction orifice. A conduit device controls the flow of pressurized fluid through the restriction orifice in accordance with vehicle speed. A mechanism is provided to resist movement of the valve to increase flow of pressurized fluid to the power assist actuator with a force which increases as vehicle speed increases. The mechanism comprises a first fluid chamber, a spring located in the first fluid chamber for biasing the valve member to a neutral position thereof, and a second fluid chamber the pressure in which counteracts the action of the spring.

Abstract: Gypsum models and molds made of a gypsum structure uniformly dispersing therein carbon fibers having a predetermined length in a defined range of amount are described. The molds include various types of molds such as original mold, basic mold, forming mold and the like. A method for manufacturing these molds is also described in which sizing agents deposited on carbon fibers are decomposed and removed by heating or dissolution in solvent, separating the carbon fibers into single fibers in water, adding a major part of gypsum powder to the carbon fiber dispersed water to obtain a gypsum slurry dispersing uniformly those single fibers, and casting the slurry in a case mold to obtain forming molds. A method for manufacturing white wares is also described in which a pottery or porcelain slip is casted into the gypsum forming molds, removing the resulting green product from the mold after hardening and drying the green products.