Abstract: An internal combustion engine with a hydraulically operated automatic transmission includes a crankcase that is divided on a plane perpendicular to a crankshaft and an outer face of the crankcase in a direction of the crankshaft is covered with a crankcase cover. A transmission gear ratio of the transmission is automatically changed over by control of oil pressures to remove a valve body for readily controlling oil pressures and for raising the accessibility of maintenance.

Abstract: To provide a motive-power transmission device for a vehicle including a torque converter, a gearbox, and a clutch for cutting off the transmission of motive power between the input shaft of the gearbox and the turbine of the torque converter. The gearbox is accommodated in the crankcase, and the motive-power transmission device is compact in the axial direction of the crankshaft. A motive-power transmission device for a vehicle includes the crankshaft and the input shaft of the gearbox journaled freely rotatably in the crankcase, their axes being parallel to each other; the torque converter is mounted on one end portion of the crankshaft; and the clutch is separated along the axial direction of the crankshaft from the torque converter and so mounted on one end portion of the input shaft that part of the clutch overlaps the torque converter as seen in the axial direction of the crankshaft.

Abstract: To provide a four-wheel vehicle for traveling on an irregular road superior in weight balance and traveling stability. A center line (L3) of a rotational axis of a torque converter and a longitudinal center line (L2) of a drive shaft or a propeller shaft, which transmits a driving force from a transmission mechanism M to front or rear wheels, are distributed right and left in an opposed relation to each other with respect to a longitudinal center line (L1) of a vehicle body.

Abstract: A gear transmission for keeping a load in balance at both ends of a crank shaft in an all-terrain saddle type vehicle provided with a transmitting unit capable of transmitting power from the crank shaft to the gear transmission and a generator connected to the crank shaft. A torque converter is provided with a lock-up clutch mounted on the crank case side of the torque converter and capable of directly connecting a pump to a turbine. A driving gear fixed to the turbine and capable of transmitting the output of the torque converter to the gear transmission is mounted on one end side of a crank shaft outside the crank case such that the lock-up clutch is sandwiched between the torque converter and the driving gear. A generator is mounted on the other end side of the crank shaft outside the crank case.

Abstract: In a power transmission apparatus for a vehicle having a gear transmission capable of transmitting power from a crankshaft of an engine to driving wheels by selectively establishing a plurality of shift stages of gear trains and a clutch for cutting power transmission from the crankshaft to the gear transmission in operating to shift the power transmission, when the clutch is operated to cut or connect in cooperation with the shift operation of the gear transmission, shift operability is promoted while avoiding an increase in weight. A gear transmission is shifted by a first actuator and a clutch is driven by a second actuator which is independent of the first actuator.

Abstract: In a power transmission apparatus for a vehicle having a hydraulic pressure type clutch capable of switching to transmit and cut power between a crankshaft of an engine and driving wheels and a clutch control valve for controlling hydraulic pressure provided to the clutch, the operational characteristic of the hydraulic pressure clutch is made variable and an adjuster mechanism for compensating for a wear amount of clutch plates is dispensed with. A clutch control valve includes a valve housing having an input port connected to a hydraulic pump and an output port connected to a clutch. A spool is capable of switching to communicate and cut the input port and the output port and is slidably fitted in the valve housing. Furthermore, a linear solenoid is coaxially connected to the spool and is capable of controlling output hydraulic pressure from the output port to a value in accordance with input current of the linear solenoid.

Abstract: The newly proposed ferritic stainless steel sheet consists of C up to 0.03 mass %, N up to 0.03 mass %, Si up to 2.0 mass %, Mn up to 2.0 mass %, Ni up to 0.6 mass %, 9-35 mass % Cr, 0.15-0.80 mass % Nb, optionally one or more of Ti up to 0.5 mass %, Mo up to 3.0 mass %, Cu up to 2.0 mass % and Al up to 6.0 mass %, and the balance being Fe except inevitable impurities, comprises metallurgical structure involving precipitates of 2 &mgr;m or less in particle size at a ratio not more than 0.5 mass % and has crystalline orientation on a rolled surface at ¼ depth of thickness with Integrated Density defined by the formula (a) not less than 1.2. The ferritic stainless steel sheet is manufactured by 25 hours or shorter precipitation-treatment at 700-850 ° C in prior to 1 minute or shorter finish-annealing at 900-1100 ° C. Integrated Intensity is made greater than 2.0 by controlling particle size of precipitates not more than 0.5 &mgr;m, so as to realize good workability with less in-plane anisotropy.

Abstract: An engine crankshaft 2 and a wheel drive shaft 5 are connected through a static hydraulic infinitely variable transmission 3. The static hydraulic infinitely variable transmission 3 has a hydraulic pump 20 extending to an engine side of the transmission and a hydraulic motor 21 extending to a wheel drive shaft 5 side of the transmission and connected together using a closed hydraulic circuit. A control clutch 18 is fitted in the transmission system between the hydraulic motor 21 and the wheel drive shaft 5 so that the control clutch is disengaged when the engine is idling and when operation is suspended.

Abstract: To provide a power unit mounted for a vehicle, such as a motorcycle, wherein the power unit is attached to a transmission actuating device or attached to a clutch actuating device, or attached to both actuating units. A power unit for a vehicle having an internal combustion engine mounted in a condition where a crank shaft is oriented in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and having a transmission arranged behind the internal combustion engine, wherein one or both of a transmission actuating electric motor for driving an transmission actuating device of the transmission and a clutch actuating electric motor for driving a clutch actuating device of a clutch are arranged in a rear section of said power unit.

Abstract: A four-wheel vehicle for traveling on an irregular road that is superior in weight balance and traveling stability. A rotating section (radial center line L3) of a torque converter T and a drive shaft (longitudinal center line L2) which transmits a driving force from a transmission mechanism M to front or rear wheels, are distributed right and left in an opposed relationship to each other with respect to a longitudinal center line (L1) of a vehicle body.

Abstract: To provide a four-wheel vehicle for traveling on an irregular road superior in weight balance and traveling stability. A center line (L3) of a rotational axis of a torque converter and a longitudinal center line (L2) of a drive shaft or a propeller shaft, which transmits a driving force from a transmission mechanism M to front or rear wheels, are distributed right and left in an opposed relation to each other with respect to a longitudinal center line (L1) of a vehicle body.

Abstract: To provide an apparatus for feeding secondary air to exhaust gas in an engine. The apparatus includes a cylinder head having an exhaust port for discharging exhaust gas from a combustion chamber and a secondary air feed passage for feeding secondary air to exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust port. The apparatus is capable of making a length of the secondary air feed passage as short as possible while preventing the permeation of exhaust gas into the secondary air feed passage. This avoids the enlargement of the entire engine, when disposing a reed valve in the engine, since the reed valve is mounted to the cylinder block. A secondary air passage includes a first passage portion extending in a straight line with one end opened toward the inner surface of an exhaust port, toward the downstream side of exhaust gas in the flowing direction.

Abstract: To make it possible to extract air from a water pump without the need for a dedicated structure for air extraction in the water pump which supplies cooling water to a cooling jacket on a cylinder head or cylinder block of a horizontally opposed or V-type engine. A circular pump chamber for rotatably housing an impeller inside a pump housing of a water pump includes an upper discharge path extending diagonally upwards and connecting to an upper end section of the pump chamber, and a lower discharge path extending diagonally downwards and connecting to a lower end section of the pump chamber. First and second connecting pipes respectively extending in a straight line along a line extended from the upper and lower discharge paths have inner ends communicating with the upper and lower discharge paths, and outer ends forming first and second discharge ports.

Abstract: A gear transmission for keeping a load in balance at both ends of a crank shaft in an all-terrain saddle type vehicle provided with a transmitting unit capable of transmitting power from the crank shaft to the gear transmission and a generator connected to the crank shaft. A torque converter is provided with a lock-up clutch mounted on the crank case side of the torque converter and capable of directly connecting a pump to a turbine. A driving gear fixed to the turbine and capable of transmitting the output of the torque converter to the gear transmission is mounted on one end side of a crank shaft outside the crank case such that the lock-up clutch is sandwiched between the torque converter and the driving gear. A generator is mounted on the other end side of the crank shaft outside the crank case.

Abstract: To provide a four-cycle engine for a vehicle, in which a cylinder bore is disposed in such a manner that the axial line thereof extends substantially in the horizontal direction. Furthermore, a cam shaft is disposed between an intake valve and an exhaust valve which have operational axial lines crossing each other in an approximately V-shape. The engine is capable of making the position of the outer end portion of an exhaust valve as close to the axial line of a cylinder bore as possible, thereby making the mounting position of the engine as low as possible. A cam shaft is disposed above the axial line of a cylinder bore and on a projection plane perpendicular to the axial line of a crank shaft, including the axial line of the cylinder bore. Furthermore, an angle formed between the axial line of the cylinder bore and the operational axial line of an intake valve is set to be larger than an angle formed between the axial line of the cylinder bore and the operational axial line of an exhaust valve.

Abstract: A seat for receiving a fuel injecting valve, is provided in an intake pipe at a portion closer to an intake port, than a straight line connecting a crossing point P, of a first and a second center lines CL, and CL, to a curved center C. of the bent pipe portion; fastening seats and for fastening the mounting member, to the intake pipe, is provided on the intake pipe, at such a position as to put the straight line between the seat and the fastening seats and; and the seat and the fastening seats and are formed in parallel to each other.

Abstract: To provide a breather apparatus for a horizontally-opposed type or a V-type engine in which first and second cylinder blocks having first and second cylinder bores are commonly connected to a crank case in such a manner that the axial line of the first cylinder bore is offset from the axial line of the second cylinder bore to one side of the crank shaft along the axial line of the crank shaft. A cam chain chamber is provided in the crank case, the cylinder blocks and the cylinder heads on one side of the crank shaft along the axial line of the crank shaft. Furthermore, a breather chamber is formed in the second cylinder block, the second cylinder head, and the crank case at a position between the cam chain chamber and the second cylinder bore. The breather chamber has a relatively large capacity, while enlargement of the engine is avoided.

Abstract: To enable preventing interference between a honing machine and a journal wall, avoiding large-sizing of a cylinder block and tilting a front cylinder part so that the upper end is as low as possible in a vehicular V-type internal combustion engine wherein the front cylinder part arranged on the front side in a vehicular travel direction and a rear cylinder part arranged on the rear side in the vehicular travel direction are arranged so that they form an approximate V-shape. A front cylinder part is tilted so that the upper end is lower than that of a rear cylinder part and a bent part bent on the side distant from a central position is formed in a part corresponding to a front cylinder hole of a journal wall arranged on the side displaced from the central position between both journal walls of the front cylinder hole.

Abstract: A structure for mounting a water pump to a water-cooled internal combustion engine in an easy manner. A water-cooled internal combustion engine in which the water pump is removably mounted to a side wall of the water-cooled internal combustion engine, is driven by power transmitted from a crank shaft to the water pump through a transmission mechanism, wherein a water pump driving member is arranged closer to a center of the internal combustion engine than an output driving member of the crank shaft. A water pump following member is driven by accepting the power from the water pump driving member and is rotatably mounted to a side wall of the internal combustion engine. A drive shaft of the water pump is removably spline fitted to splined aperture of the water pump following member.

Abstract: A control system for a dust collecting apparatus including an upright housing arranged above a dust storage bin, a ceramic filter assembly disposed within the housing to collect dust particles from exhaust gases supplied into a bottoms portion of the housing located upstream thereof, and a reverse washing mechanism mounted on the housing downstream of the filter assembly to cause the collected dust particles to fall into the dust storage bin from the filter assembly when it is activated, wherein temperature (T1) and pressure (P1) of the exhaust gases supplied into the housing upstream of the filter assembly, temperature (T2) and pressure (P2) of purified gases discharged from the filter assembly into an upper portion of the housing located downstream of the filter assembly and a flow quantity (Q1) of the purified gases discharged from the housing downstream of the reverse washing mechanism are detected to calculate an average temperature T=f(T1, T2), a flow quantity ?(Q=f(Q1. T)!, viscosity (.eta.