Abstract: In performing friction element welding of a sheet set constituted by two or more metal sheets, an element is press penetrated into the sheet set. The element may include a round columnar mandrel; a disc-shaped collar provided at an upper end face of the mandrel; and a conical pin extending from a lower end face of the mandrel. The element has a plurality of fluidized-metal discharge grooves arranged spirally in a flat area of the lower end face of the mandrel, the flat area excluding the pin. Alternatively, the element may include a round columnar mandrel having a lower end face that forms a conical face with an apical angle ?m, the conical face having one or more pairs of chippings discharge grooves or having a plurality of cutting edges, the chippings discharge grooves each extending in a curved manner from an apex of the conical face.

Abstract: An information processing device includes a data structure and a processing portion. The data structure is configured to share design information among a time chart, a flowchart, and a sequence program. The processing portion is configured to process the time chart, the flowchart, and the sequence program such that the time chart, the flowchart, and the sequence program link together, depending on the data structure.

Abstract: An element, a friction element welding method, and a method for producing a friction element welded joint. The element is for performing friction element welding on a sheet stack of two or more stacked metal sheets by pressing the element into the sheet stack while the element is rotated. The element includes a circular columnar mandrel that is to enter the sheet stack, a circular collar disposed at an upper end portion of the mandrel, a first conical body extending from a lower end surface of the mandrel, and a second conical body disposed on the lower side of the first conical body. The vertical angle ? of the second conical body and the vertical angle ? of the first conical body satisfy the relation ?<?.

Abstract: A long steel pipe for reel-lay installation formed of electric resistance welded (ERW) steel pipes and having high buckling resistance and a method for producing the long steel pipe for reel-lay installation are provided. The long steel pipe is formed by successively butt-joining longitudinal ends of the ERW steel pipes by girth welding so that girth welds are formed. The ERW steel pipes are successively butt-joined in the pipe longitudinal direction such that the 0 o'clock cross-sectional position or the 6 o'clock cross-sectional position of one of adjacent ERW steel pipes faces an area from the 2 o'clock cross-sectional position to the 4 o'clock cross-sectional position or an area from the 8 o'clock cross-sectional position to the 10 o'clock cross-sectional position of the other of the adjacent ERW steel pipes.

Abstract: Provided are an arc welded joint and an arc welding method. The arc welded joint has a slag-coverage area ratio SRATIO (%) of 15% or less, and a weld bead width ratio WRATIO (%) of 60% or more. The SRATIO is calculated by using an equation SRATIO=100×SSLAG/SBEAD. In this equation, an area of a surface of a weld bead formed by performing arc welding on a steel sheet is defined as a weld bead surface area SBEAD (mm2) and, of the weld bead surface area SBEAD, an area of a region covered with slag is defined as a slag surface area SSLAG (mm2). The WRATIO is calculated by using an equation WRATIO=100×WMIN/WMAX from a maximum value WMAX (mm) and a minimum value WMIN (mm) of a weld bead width in a direction perpendicular to a welding line of the weld bead.

Abstract: A MIG welding method for carbon steels using an Ar shielding gas. The method includes short-circuiting a welding wire and a base material. The average short-circuiting frequency in welding is 20 Hz to 300 Hz and the maximum short-circuiting period is 1.5 s or less.

Abstract: The steel plate has a specific chemical composition, and a microstructure where a volume fraction of martensite at a depth of 1 mm from a surface of the steel plate is 95% or more, and at a depth of 1 mm from a surface of the steel plate, a Vickers hardness at 400° C. is 288 or more, and a Brinell hardness at 25° C. is 360 HBW10/3000 to 490 HBW10/3000.

Abstract: An impact absorbing structure for a vehicle according to the present invention includes: a resin frame member extending in a vehicle front-rear direction and having an opening portion in a surface thereof on one side in a vehicle width direction; and a strut member disposed in the opening portion of the frame member. The frame member includes a frame body having the opening portion, and a rib protruding at least either upward or downward from the frame body and extending in the vehicle front-rear direction. The strut member is disposed between a pair of opening edges for defining an upper edge and a lower edge of the opening portion and at a position abuttable against the paired opening edges, when the frame member is deformed by input of a load at a time of oblique collision from upward or oblique collision from downward.

Abstract: A long steel pipe for reel-lay installation formed of electric resistance welded (ERW) steel pipes and having high buckling resistance and a method for producing the long steel pipe for reel-lay installation are provided. The long steel pipe is formed by successively butt-joining longitudinal ends of the ERW steel pipes by girth welding so that girth welds are formed. The ERW steel pipes are successively butt-joined in the pipe longitudinal direction such that the 0 o'clock cross-sectional position or the 6 o'clock cross-sectional position of one of adjacent ERW steel pipes faces an area from the 2 o'clock cross-sectional position to the 4 o'clock cross-sectional position or an area from the 8 o'clock cross-sectional position to the 10 o'clock cross-sectional position of the other of the adjacent ERW steel pipes.

Abstract: A technique that can synthesize an aromatic sodium compound easily, in a short time, and efficiently through a small number of steps is constructed.

Abstract: Provided are an electron donor that is easy to handle and can be used to carry out a coupling reaction economically and efficiently through simple operations under mild conditions in a short period of time, and a method for synthesizing 4,4?-bipyridine using the electron donor. The electron donor includes a mixture of a dispersion product obtained by dispersing sodium in a dispersion solvent and 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, and this electron donor is used in the method for synthesizing 4,4?-bipyridine.

Abstract: Provided is an abrasion-resistant steel plate which has high hardness up to the mid-thickness part thereof although the steel plate is 50 mm or more, and can be manufactured at low cost. The abrasion-resistant steel plate has a specific chemical composition having DI* of 120 or more, where DI* is defined by the following Formula (1): DI*=33.85×(0.1×C)0.5×(0.7×Si+1)×(3.33×Mn+1)×(0.35×Cu+1)×(0.36×Ni+1)×(2.16×Cr+1)×(3×Mo+1)×(1.75×V+1)×(1.5×W+1) . . . (1), has HB1 of 360 HBW10/3000 to 490 HBW10/3000, HB1 being a Brinell hardness at a depth of 1 mm from a surface, has a hardness ratio, HB1/2 to HB1, of 75% or more, HB1/2 being a Brinell hardness at a mid-thickness position, and has a plate thickness of 50 mm or more.

Abstract: An impact absorbing structure for a vehicle according to the present invention includes: a resin frame member extending in a vehicle front-rear direction and having an opening portion in a surface thereof on one side in a vehicle width direction; and a strut member disposed in the opening portion of the frame member. The frame member includes a frame body having the opening portion, and a rib protruding at least either upward or downward from the frame body and extending in the vehicle front-rear direction. The strut member is disposed between a pair of opening edges for defining an upper edge and a lower edge of the opening portion and at a position abuttable against the paired opening edges, when the frame member is deformed by input of a load at a time of oblique collision from upward or oblique collision from downward.

Abstract: An object is to establish a technology with which a boronate ester compound can be easily and efficiently synthesized at a low cost with a small number of steps without the need for a complex chemical method and reagents that need to be carefully handled. A further object is to establish a sodium salt of a boronate ester compound that is a novel compound and a technology for synthesizing the sodium salt of a boronate ester compound. Provided are a sodium salt of a boronate ester compound and a method for synthesizing a boronate ester compound or a sodium salt of a boronate ester compound that includes reacting, in a reaction solvent, an organic chloride with a dispersion product obtained by dispersing sodium in a dispersion solvent to obtain an organic sodium compound, and reacting the obtained organic sodium compound with a borate ester compound to obtain a boronate ester compound or a sodium salt of a boronate ester compound.

Abstract: An object is to establish a technology with which an organic magnesium compound can be easily and efficiently synthesized at a low cost with few steps that do not involve a complex chemical method. A method for synthesizing an organic magnesium compound includes, in a reaction solvent, reacting an organic halide represented by General Formula I (Ra—Xa) with a dispersion product obtained by dispersing sodium in a dispersion solvent to obtain an organic sodium compound represented by General Formula II (Ra—Na), and reacting the obtained organic sodium compound with a magnesium halide represented by General Formula III (Mg—(Xb)2) to obtain an organic magnesium compound represented by General Formula IV (Ra—Mg—Xb).

Abstract: There is a demand for the development of a technique according to which sodium 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidides (Na-TMPs) can be economically and efficiently synthesized through simple operations including a small number of steps under mild conditions in a short period of time. Also, there is a demand for the development of a technique according to which high-quality Na-TMPs that do not contain lithium or lithium compounds such as Li-TMP can be synthesized. The method for synthesizing sodium 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidides includes a step of obtaining sodium 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidides by reacting, in a reaction solvent, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidines with a dispersion product obtained by dispersing sodium in a dispersion solvent or an organosodium compound having an aromatic ring obtained through a reaction with a dispersion product obtained by dispersing sodium in a dispersion solvent.

Abstract: An impact absorbing structure for a vehicle according to the present invention includes a frame member formed of a resin material. The frame member includes a closed cross sectional portion extending in a vehicle front-rear direction, and a rib protruding at least either upward or downward from the closed cross sectional portion and extending in the vehicle front-rear direction.

Abstract: There is a demand for the development of a technique according to which a reaction for coupling a halogenated pyridine compound with a halogenated aromatic compound can be performed in a simple manner through a small number of steps without using expensive agents such as a palladium catalyst. A method for coupling a halogenated pyridine compound with a halogenated aromatic compound includes a step of coupling a halogenated pyridine compound with a halogenated aromatic compound to obtain a pyridine compound by reacting, in a reaction solvent, the halogenated pyridine compound and the halogenated aromatic compound with a solution containing an alkali metal.

Abstract: Provided are an electron donor that is easy to handle and can be used to carry out a coupling reaction economically and efficiently through simple operations under mild conditions in a short period of time, and a method for synthesizing 4,4?-bipyridine using the electron donor. The electron donor includes a mixture of a dispersion product obtained by dispersing sodium in a dispersion solvent and 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, and this electron donor is used in the method for synthesizing 4,4?-bipyridine.

Abstract: Provided is an abrasion-resistant steel plate which has high hardness up to the mid-thickness part thereof although the steel plate is 50 mm or more, and can be manufactured at low cost. The abrasion-resistant steel plate has a specific chemical composition having DI* of 120 or more, where DI* is defined by the following Formula (1): DI*=33.85×(0.1×C)0.5×(0.7×Si+1)×(3.33×Mn+1)×(0.35×Cu+1)×(0.36×Ni+1)×(2.16×Cr+1)×(3×Mo+1)×(1.75×V+1)×(1.5×W+1) . . . (1), has HB1 of 360 HBW10/3000 to 490 HBW10/3000, HB1 being a Brinell hardness at a depth of 1 mm from a surface, has a hardness ratio, HB1/2 to HB1, of 75% or more, HB1/2 being a Brinell hardness at a mid-thickness position, and has a plate thickness of 50 mm or more.