Abstract: A file management system for a partially rewritable single storage medium increases a Rewritable Zone and an unrewritable Read Only Zone, where a desired number of files and pieces of medium management information, including management information for respective files, are written when the Read Only Zone is manufactured. The file management system comprises a reading device and a creating device. The reading device reads the medium management information written in the Read Only Zone upon commencing the use of the storage medium. The creating device creates, in the Rewritable Zone, file management information necessary for using the storage medium based on the medium management information read from the reading device, according to the usage status of the storage medium.

Abstract: A method for measuring glycated hemoglobin is disclosed, which comprises contacting a sample with an anti-hemoglobin antibody being bound to a solid phase, adding thereto an anti-glycated hemoglobin antibody, and then measuring the anti-glycated hemoglobin antibody bound to the solid phase via glycated hemoglobin and the anti-hemoglobin antibody. A method for measuring glycated hemoglobin is further disclosed, which comprises mixing a sample with particles on which an anti-glycated hemoglobin antibody is bound to cause immunoagglutination reaction. A method for measuring glycated hemoglobin is furthermore disclosed, which comprises mixing a sample with a solution containing a monoclonal antibody specific for glycated hemoglobin, and then measuring the change in the turbidity of the resulting mixture. A method is disclosed for measuring glycated hemoglobin which comprises mixing a sample with unsensitized latex particles and an anti-glycated hemoglobin antibody, to cause immunoagglutination reaction.

Abstract: A phenytoin derivative represented by formula (I) ##STR1## wherein Ph denotes a phenyl group,X denotes --O--, --NH-- or --CH.sub.2 --,Y denotes --CO-- or --CH.sub.2 --,Z denotes a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group,M denotes a salt-forming cation, andm and n are each an integer of 0 to 8 and m+n is at least 2.Said compound is useful to produce a phenytoin-labelled DNA or RNA probe. When using such a probe, DNA or RNA in the specimen can be detected with high sensitivity.

Abstract: A boarding sensor and control circuit for small watercraft providing a reflection sensor which outputs a non-boarding signal to the control circuit when the driver is not within the reflection sensor's detection area and, in one embodiment, directs the navigation of the watercraft to return to the driver when overboard.

Abstract: A magnetic recording apparatus capable of efficiently erasing data in accordance with a type of magnetic recording medium, comprises a current source, an erase head for erasing data recorded on a recording medium using a supplied erase current, and a current supplying section for supplying an erase current from the current source to the erase head in accordance with input erase current control data. The current supplying section comprises a selecting section for selecting a combination of a plurality of control elements in accordance with the input erase current control data, and a supplying section for supplying an erase current determined in accordance with the selected combination from the current source to the erase head.

Abstract: A control circuit for a vehicle level adjusting apparatus which avoids performing vehicle level adjustment in response to momentary changes in the vehicle level during driving of the vehicle, and at the same time provides a prompt vehicle level adjustment in response to essential or substantial changes in the vehicle level during a halt or rest state. The control circuit includes a first circuit which receives at least one first signal based on a comparison between a reference vehicle level range and an actual vehicle level to make a judgment as to the necessity of an adjustment of the vehicle level and issues a second signal having a first signal status when the adjustment is judged to be necessary and a second signal status when the adjustment is judged to be unnecessary.

Abstract: A liquid passage switching device in which switching of a liquid takes place entirely within another liquid so that no bubbles can be entrapped in the liquid while it is being switched between passages. Plural passages are formed in a head one side of which is sealed with a container having ports which allow a first liquid to flow in and out. A generally U-shaped connecting tube is mounted on a supporting plate and ends of the connecting tube are rotatable by the supporting plate along a circle in which the passages in the head are formed. The openings of the connecting tube are engagable with and disengagable from the passage in the head by moving the supporting plate outward, rotating the supporting plate, and then moving the supporting plate back towards the head and engaging the openings of the connecting tube with the desired passages.

Abstract: A device for removing relatively larger size gravels, stones, crushed rocks and the like contained in a discharged mixture of fed slurry or muddy water and excavated ground formation components in hydraulic tunnel boring systems. The device comprises a lattice-shaped classifying means connected at one end to a discharging pipe for conducting the mixture from the tunnel face, a primary chamber connected to the other end of the classifying means for receiving and storing classified gravels and the like, and a secondary chamber communicating with the primary chamber through a valve for receiving and retaining the gravels and the like filled in the primary chamber. A housing surrounds and rotatably supports the classifying means and includes a discharging pipe for conducting muddy water passed through the clarifying means. A motor rotates the classifying means for performing classifying work.

Abstract: An apparatus for automatically controlling tunnel face hydraulic pressure in a hydraulic chamber defined by a rotary cutter head and bulkhead in a shield type excavator used in hydraulic tunnel boring system including a pipe for feeding a hydraulic material with a feeding pump from a reservoir to the chamber and a pipe for discharging a mixture of the fed hydraulic material with ground formations excavated by the cutter head from the chamber to the reservoir with a discharging pump.

Abstract: An apparatus for automatically controlling tunnel face hydraulic pressure in a hydraulic chamber defined by a rotary cutter head and bulkhead in a shield type excavator used in hydraulic tunnel boring system including a pipe for feeding a hydraulic material with a feeding pump from a reservoir to the chamber and a pipe for discharging a mixture of the fed hydraulic material with ground formations excavated by the cutter head from the chamber to the reservoir with a discharging pump.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for excavating tunnels with a shield and slurry while detecting and preventing excess excavation in high water content soft ground wherein, in each of feeding system of slurry to tunnel face and discharging system of a mixture of slurry and excavated soil or the like as well as gushing water from the tunnel face out of working area, the respective volumes of the slurry and mixture passing through the respective systems are measured in positions close to the tunnel face, the volume of the excavated soil or the like is determined with the difference between both volumes while the amount of propelling a tunnelling machine is determined as an excavated space volume of the tunnel, the respective values of the excavated soil volume and excavated space volume are compared with each other, whereby the amount of propelling the machine, fed amount of the slurry or discharging amount of the mixture can be properly adjusted so that the difference between said values will be made substantially zero

Abstract: An apparatus and method for measuring fluctuations in amount of soil in slurry or soil-containing fluid line. Each system of feeding the slurry typically to tunneling face and draining it therefrom in the slurry line is provided with gamma-ray densimeter and electromagnetic flow-meter to obtain respective amounts of soil only (dry-soil amounts) in the slurry flowing through each of said systems from respective outputs of these meters in each system, so that actually excavated amount through ground layer of a shielded excavator at the tunneling face can be measured by the difference between the respective dry-soil amounts. The excavator will be advanced depending on this measured amount.