Abstract: Provided is a method for applying an ink for applying an oil-based ink to a resin composition layer of a target including a base and the resin composition layer formed over a surface of the base, the method including: a pretreatment step of pre-treating the target before the oil-based ink is applied, with at least one surface treatment for improving a wetting/spreading property of the oil-based ink; a step of applying the oil-based ink to the target that has undergone the pretreatment step; and a post-treatment step of post-treating the target after the oil-based ink is applied, with at least one surface treatment for improving a wetting/spreading property of the oil-based ink.

Abstract: Provided is a method for coating inks, the method including coating a plurality of kinds of inks on a target by an inkjet method individually, wherein the target includes a base and a gel layer provided on the base and containing a vinyl chloride resin and a plasticizer, wherein the plurality of kinds of inks are oil-based inks and include an ink x and an ink y that is to be discharged after the ink x is discharged, and wherein an interpenetration ratio Pxy of the inky to the ink x is 7.0% or greater but 13.0% or less.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a printing paper for decorative boards is provided. The method includes the processes of: applying a resin-containing liquid comprising at least one of a resin and a resin precursor to a base paper for decorative boards; forming a print layer on or in the base paper which is not dried after the resin-containing liquid is applied thereto; and solidifying a liquid contained in the base paper having the print layer.

Abstract: Provided is a method for applying an ink for applying an oil-based ink to a resin composition layer of a target including a base and the resin composition layer formed over a surface of the base, the method including: a pretreatment step of pre-treating the target before the oil-based ink is applied, with at least one surface treatment for improving a wetting/spreading property of the oil-based ink; a step of applying the oil-based ink to the target that has undergone the pretreatment step; and a post-treatment step of post-treating the target after the oil-based ink is applied, with at least one surface treatment for improving a wetting/spreading property of the oil-based ink.

Abstract: A toner including polyester, wherein an amount of heat of a peak derived from the polyester in a range of from 40° C. through 70° C. during a cooling process is from 1.0 J/g through 15 J/g in differential scanning calorimetry performed under conditions below, <measuring conditions> after maintaining the toner at ?20° C., heating the toner to 130° C. at 10° C./min (a first heating process), after maintaining the toner at 130° C. for 1 minute, cooling the toner to ?50° C. at cooling speed of 10° C./min (the cooling process), and after maintaining the toner at ?50° C. for 5 minutes, heating the toner to 130° C. at 10° C./min (a second heating process).

Abstract: An ink application method is provided. In the method, an ink is discharged to an object by an inkjet method, to apply the ink to the object. The object includes a base material and a gel layer overlying the base material, and the gel layer includes a vinyl chloride resin and a plasticizer. The ink is an oil-based ink. When a free induction decay curve of the object obtained by a pulse NMR method is separated into two curves respectively derived from a hard component and a soft component, the curve derived from the hard component accounts for 35% to 40% of the free induction decay curve, and the curve derived from the soft component has a spin-spin relaxation time of from 30.0 to 45.0 ms when obtained by a Hahn echo method.

Abstract: Ink includes water, a pigment, an organic solvent including glycol ether, and a surfactant including a silicone-based surfactant and a salt of sulfo succinic acid dialkyl ester. As measured by maximum bubble pressure technique at 23 degrees C., the dynamic surface tension of the ink at 15 msec is not greater than 31 mN/m and the difference between the dynamic surface tension of the ink at 15 msec and the dynamic surface tension of the ink at 1,500 msec is not greater than 4.0 mN/m.

Abstract: Provided is a method for coating inks, the method including coating a plurality of kinds of inks on a target by an inkjet method individually, wherein the target includes a base and a gel layer provided on the base and containing a vinyl chloride resin and a plasticizer, wherein the plurality of kinds of inks are oil-based inks and include an ink x and an inky that is to be discharged after the ink x is discharged, and wherein an interpenetration ratio Pxy of the inky to the ink x is 7.0% or greater but 13.0% or less.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a printing paper for decorative boards is provided. The method includes the processes of: applying a resin-containing liquid comprising at least one of a resin and a resin precursor to a base paper for decorative boards; forming a print layer on or in the base paper which is not dried after the resin-containing liquid is applied thereto; and solidifying a liquid contained in the base paper having the print layer.

Abstract: Provided is a toner including at least: a binder resin; and a release agent, wherein in a transmission electron microscopic (TEM) image of a torn cross-section of the toner, the release agent has an acicular or filiform shape and an average aspect ratio of 31 or greater, and wherein a displacement amount of the toner when 250 micronewtons is applied to the toner in a microcompression test is 700 nm or less.

Abstract: An ink application method is provided. In the method, an ink is discharged to an object by an inkjet method, to apply the ink to the object. The object includes a base material and a gel layer overlying the base material, and the gel layer includes a vinyl chloride resin and a plasticizer. The ink is an oil-based ink. When a free induction decay curve of the object obtained by a pulse NMR method is separated into two curves respectively derived from a hard component and a soft component, the curve derived from the hard component accounts for 35% to 40% of the free induction decay curve, and the curve derived from the soft component has a spin-spin relaxation time of from 30.0 to 45.0 ms when obtained by a Hahn echo method.

Abstract: A toner including polyester, wherein an amount of heat of a peak derived from the polyester in a range of from 40° C. through 70° C. during a cooling process is from 1.0 J/g through 15 J/g in differential scanning calorimetry performed under conditions below, <measuring conditions> after maintaining the toner at ?20° C., heating the toner to 130° C. at 10° C./min (a first heating process), after maintaining the toner at 130° C. for 1 minute, cooling the toner to ?50° C. at cooling speed of 10° C./min (the cooling process), and after maintaining the toner at ?50° C. for 5 minutes, heating the toner to 130° C. at 10° C./min (a second heating process).

Abstract: An electrostatic-image developing toner including at least a binder resin; a colorant; and a release agent, wherein an average circularity of particles having a particle diameter in a range of 0.79 times or more but less than 1.15 times as large as a most frequent diameter in a number particle size distribution of the toner is within a range of 1.010 times or more but less than 1.020 times as high as an average circularity of particles having a particle diameter of 1.15 times or more as large as the most frequent diameter.

Abstract: Provided is a toner including at least: a binder resin; and a release agent, wherein in a transmission electron microscopic (TEM) image of a torn cross-section of the toner, the release agent has an acicular or filiform shape and an average aspect ratio of 31 or greater, and wherein a displacement amount of the toner when 250 micronewtons is applied to the toner in a microcompression test is 700 nm or less.

Abstract: A toner including: binder resin; and release agent, wherein the release agent is 1% to 8% by mass to the toner, as equivalent mass of endothermic amount of the release agent determined by DSC, wherein the release agent present in region from surface of the toner to 0.3 ?m depth is 0.1% to 4% by mass, as determined by FTIR-ATR, and wherein, in TEM image of torn surface of the toner, WDa<WDb<WDc is satisfied, WDa denoting number-average-particle-diameter of the release agent in region Aa that is from surface of the toner to depth that is one-sixth of diameter d of the toner (?d), WDc denoting number-average-particle-diameter of the release agent in central region Ac that is circular region having center located at center of the toner and radius of ?d, WDb denoting number-average-particle-diameter of the release agent in region Ab that is other than region Aa or Ac.

Abstract: A toner including: binder resin; and release agent, wherein the release agent is 1% to 8% by mass to the toner, as equivalent mass of endothermic amount of the release agent determined by DSC, wherein the release agent present in region from surface of the toner to 0.3 ?m depth is 0.1% to 4% by mass, as determined by FTIR-ATR, and wherein, in TEM image of torn surface of the toner, WDa<WDb<WDc is satisfied, WDa denoting number-average-particle-diameter of the release agent in region Aa that is from surface of the toner to depth that is one-sixth of diameter d of the toner (?d), WDc denoting number-average-particle-diameter of the release agent in central region Ac that is circular region having center located at center of the toner and radius of ?d, WDb denoting number-average-particle-diameter of the release agent in region Ab that is other than region Aa or Ac.

Abstract: An electrostatic-image developing toner including at least a binder resin; a colorant; and a release agent, wherein an average circularity of particles having a particle diameter in a range of 0.79 times or more but less than 1.15 times as large as a most frequent diameter in a number particle size distribution of the toner is within a range of 1.010 times or more but less than 1.020 times as high as an average circularity of particles having a particle diameter of 1.15 times or more as large as the most frequent diameter.

Abstract: Ink includes water, a pigment, an organic solvent including glycol ether, and a surfactant including a silicone-based surfactant and a salt of sulfo succinic acid dialkyl ester. As measured by maximum bubble pressure technique at 23 degrees C., the dynamic surface tension of the ink at 15 msec is not greater than 31 mN/m and the difference between the dynamic surface tension of the ink at 15 msec and the dynamic surface tension of the ink at 1,500 msec is not greater than 4.0 mN/m.

Abstract: A toner is provided. The toner includes a binder resin, a colorant, a release agent and an external additive. The toner has an average circularity of from 0.965 to less than 0.985. The toner has BET specific surface area of less than 1.20 m2/g after liberation treatment of external additive.

Abstract: A toner is provided. The toner includes a binder resin and a release agent. The release agent has an average aspect ratio of 31 or more, when the average aspect ratio is determined from cross-sectional images of the toner observed with a transmission electron microscope (TEM).