Abstract: For a recording and playback optical head used for a dual layer disc, it is difficult to reduce the size and the cost due to the need to correct spherical aberration caused by a difference in thickness of a light-transmitting layer. A reflection mirror having a reflection surface on which light is reflected and provided with a member having ferromagnetism at the center, and a switching device that switches between a deformed state and a non-deformed state of the reflection mirror using a magnetic force are provided. The switching device includes a hard magnetic member, and a magnetizing member that magnetizes and demagnetizes the hard magnetic member. When light is concentrated on a first recording layer farther from the light-incident surface, the reflection mirror is used as a plane mirror, and when light is concentrated on a second recording layer closer to the light-incident surface, the reflection mirror is deformed in the shape of a concave surface by means of the switching device.

Abstract: The invention provides an optical disk apparatus and an optical disk that are applicable to a multilayer optical disk, and enable tilt detection with a high precision. The optical disk has a transparent planar disk base member, a recording layer formed on the disk base member, and a reflecting layer in a certain positional relation to the recording layer. The optical disk apparatus includes a laser pointer 61 for irradiating a laser beam onto the recording layer of the optical disk by way of the disk base member to form a focusing spot on the recording layer, a photo-sensor array 6G for receiving a reflected beam from the reflecting layer, and an aberration mode detecting circuit 6H for detecting tilt of the optical disk by using an output from the photo-sensor array 6G.

Abstract: A microactuator according to the present invention comprises a base 1, a movable section 7 which is capable of displacement relative to the base 1, an elastic supporting member 5 for supporting the movable section 7, and driving sections 4a to 4c for causing the movable section 7 to be displaced. A specific relationship is imposed on a spring modulus responsive to a displacement of the movable section 7 along a vertical direction and a spring modulus responsive to a tilt angle of the movable section 7, and the diagonality between the driving force and the displacement of the movable section 7 is increased, thus realizing accuracy improvements and simplification of control of the microactuator.

Abstract: A micro-mechanical structure system according to the present invention includes: a movable structure 5, at least a portion of the movable structure 5 being formed of a single-crystalline material; an elastic supporting member 10 for supporting the movable structure 5; a stationary electrode section 13, 25 at least partially opposing the movable structure 5; and a base 22 which has a circuit section and to which the stationary electrode 13, 25 is affixed. The stationary electrode section 13, 25 includes a first electrode layer (upper stationary electrode layer) 13 positioned relative to the movable structure 5 and a second electrode layer (lower stationary electrode layer) 25 positioned relative to the base 22, the first electrode layer 13 and the second electrode layer 25 being bonded to each other via adhesion layers 15 and 16.

Abstract: A micro-mechanical structure according to the present invention includes: a base 1; an elastic supporting member 5 having elasticity, the elastic supporting member 5 being formed on the base 1; and a movable section supported by the elastic supporting member 5 so as to be capable of making a relative move with respect to the base 1. This movable section includes a movable electrode 6 opposing the base 1 via a first gap, and a mirror 8 being affixed to the movable electrode 6 via a vertical rib 7.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a moving element such as an electrostatically driven actuator is displaced by supplying a drive signal thereto. Meanwhile, a displacement sensing section senses its displacement and a calibrating section automatically calibrates the correlation between the drive signal and the displacement, thereby compensating for a variation in the characteristic of the actuator with time and according to the environment. A switching section selectively connects the single displacement sensing section to a plurality of moving elements one after another, thereby cutting down the circuit for displacement sensing.

Abstract: A micro-mechanical structure according to the present invention includes: a base 1; an elastic supporting member 5 having elasticity, the elastic supporting member 5 being formed on the base 1; and a movable section supported by the elastic supporting member 5 so as to be capable of making a relative move with respect to the base 1. This movable section includes a movable electrode 6 opposing the base 1 via a first gap, and a mirror 8 being affixed to the movable electrode 6 via a vertical rib 7.

Abstract: There has been a trade-off between the rigidity and the mass of a movable section of a microactuator, and also between the rigidity of the movable section and the electrostatic force. A microactuator 100 includes: a base 1; a first comb electrode 2 supported by the base 1; a movable section 6 having a second comb electrode 8 opposing the first comb electrode 2, and at least one reinforcement rib 9 protruding toward the base 1; and an elastic supporting member 3 for supporting the movable section 6 so as to allow the movable section 6 to be displaced with respect to the base 1. The height of the second comb electrode 8 is different from the height of the at least one reinforcement rib 9.

Abstract: A micro-mechanical structure system according to the present invention includes: a movable structure 5, at least a portion of the movable structure 5 being formed of a single-crystalline material; an elastic supporting member 10 for supporting the movable structure 5; a stationary electrode section 13, 25 at least partially opposing the movable structure 5; and a base 22 which has a circuit section and to which the stationary electrode 13, 25 is affixed. The stationary electrode section 13, 25 includes a first electrode layer (upper stationary electrode layer) 13 positioned relative to the movable structure 5 and a second electrode layer (lower stationary electrode layer) 25 positioned relative to the base 22, the first electrode layer 13 and the second electrode layer 25 being bonded to each other via adhesion layers 15 and 16.

Abstract: To greatly increase the storage density of a storage apparatus, an electron beam E emitted from a cold cathode 101 is accelerated by an accelerating electrode 102, caused to converge by a convergence electrode 103, deflected by a deflection electrode 104 and applied to a minute region of a storage film 105. The storage film 105 includes, for example, a phase change film 105a. The film is rapidly heated and cooled to change into an amorphous state upon irradiation with an electron beam E with high energy, while being gradually cooled to change into a crystallized state upon irradiation with an electron beam E with approximately intermediate energy, thereby storing data. Upon irradiation with an electron beam E with low energy, the potential difference between a detection electrode 105b and an anode 105c is detected depending on the state, i.e., the amorphous or crystallized state, thereby reading stored data.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a moving element such as an electrostatically driven actuator is displaced by supplying a drive signal thereto. Meanwhile, a displacement sensing section senses its displacement and a calibrating section automatically calibrates the correlation between the drive signal and the displacement, thereby compensating for a variation in the characteristic of the actuator with time and according to the environment. A switching section selectively connects the single displacement sensing section to a plurality of moving elements one after another, thereby cutting down the circuit for displacement sensing.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide an optical disc which solves the problem that search for data recorded on an exchange-type medium such as an optical disc and the like and which allows search for data recorded in an optical disc to be performed with a simple operation. A transmitting/receiving antenna 231 is provided in an inner peripheral portion of an optical disc. An IC module 201 connected with transmission/reception IC 230 including ID information is formed and embedded into a substrate the optical disc. Thus, an optical disc incorporating an IC module which can be produced on a mass-production basis can be achieved.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a moving element Ai such as an electrostatically driven actuator is displaced by supplying a drive signal thereto. Meanwhile, a displacement sensing section 6 senses its displacement and a calibrating section 15 automatically calibrates the correlation between the drive signal and the displacement, thereby compensating for a variation in the characteristic of the actuator with time and according to the environment. A switching section 7 selectively connects the single displacement sensing section to a plurality of moving elements Ai one after another, thereby cutting down the circuit for displacement sensing.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide an optical disc which solves the problem that search for data recorded on an exchange-type medium such as an optical disc and the like and which allows search for data recorded in an optical disc to be performed with a simple operation. A transmitting/receiving antenna 231 is provided in an inner peripheral portion of an optical disc. An IC module 201 connected with transmission/reception IC 230 including ID information is formed and embedded into a substrate the optical disc. Thus, an optical disc incorporating an IC module which can be produced on a mass-production basis can be achieved.

Abstract: An optical detection system according to the present invention includes: a spatial light modulator for modulating the phase of incoming light; a photodetector having a plurality of photosensitive areas to receive the light of which the phase has been modulated by the spatial light modulator; a photosensor selecting section for selecting at least one of the photosensitive areas and activating the selected photosensitive area effectively; and a modulation control section for providing a modulation pattern, associated with the photosensitive area that has been selected by the photosensor selecting section, for the spatial light modulator.

Abstract: A microactuator according to the present invention comprises a base 1, a movable section 7 which is capable of displacement relative to the base 1, an elastic supporting member 5 for supporting the movable section 7, and driving sections 4a to 4c for causing the movable section 7 to be displaced. A specific relationship is imposed on a spring modulus responsive to a displacement of the movable section 7 along a vertical direction and a spring modulus responsive to a tilt angle of the movable section 7, and the diagonality between the driving force and the displacement of the movable section 7 is increased, thus realizing accuracy improvements and simplification of control of the microactuator.

Abstract: For a recording and playback optical head used for a dual layer disc, it is difficult to reduce the size and the cost due to the need to correct spherical aberration caused by a difference in thickness of a light-transmitting layer. A reflection mirror having a reflection surface on which light is reflected and provided with a member having ferromagnetism at the center, and a switching device that switches between a deformed state and a non-deformed state of the reflection mirror using a magnetic force are provided. The switching device includes a hard magnetic member, and a magnetizing member that magnetizes and demagnetizes the hard magnetic member. When light is concentrated on a first recording layer farther from the light-incident surface, the reflection mirror is used as a plane mirror, and when light is concentrated on a second recording layer closer to the light-incident surface, the reflection mirror is deformed in the shape of a concave surface by means of the switching device.

Abstract: A brushless motor control device includes a brushless motor including a rotor magnet and a stator coil; rotor position detection means for detecting positions of a plurality of magnetic poles of the rotor magnet; vibration detection means for detecting an unnecessary vibration of the brushless motor when the brushless motor is rotating; lead angle setting means for setting a magnitude of a lead angle such that a first output from the vibration detection means does not exceed a prescribed tolerable value; and lead angle correction means for providing the lead angle to a third output, from the rotor position detection means, in accordance with a second output from the lead angle setting means, so as to generate a translocation timing of a driving current to the stator coil.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical system includes a substrate, a transducer supported on the substrate and a conductor layer, which is also supported on the substrate and electrically connected to the transducer. The transducer includes a portion made of silicon or a silicon compound. The conductor layer is made of a refractory conductor, which includes, as its main ingredient, at least one element selected from the group consisting of copper, gold and silver. At least a portion of the conductor layer is located at an intermediate level between the silicon or silicon compound portion of the transducer and the substrate.

Abstract: The invention provides an optical disk apparatus and an optical disk that are applicable to a multilayer optical disk, and enable to realize tilt detection with a high precision. The optical disk has a transparent planar disk base member, a recording layer formed on the disk base member, and a reflecting layer in a certain positional relation to the recording layer. The optical disk apparatus includes a laser pointer 61 for irradiating a laser beam onto the recording layer of the optical disk by way of the disk base member to form a focusing spot on the recording layer, a photo-sensor array 6G for receiving a reflected beam from the reflecting layer, and an aberration mode detecting circuit 6H for detecting tilt of the optical disk by using an output from the photo-sensor array 6G.