Abstract: A system for playing a gambling game over a network. A plurality of clients are connected to a server by the network. The client personally authenticates a person using the client by analyzing a fingerprint collected by a fingerprint sensor. The client then generates elemental information in accordance with a predetermined condition. Authentication-information is generated irreversibly and univocally on the basis of the elemental information generated by the client. The server receives a plurality of pieces of the authentication information from the clients which it transmits to the clients. The client then transmits the elemental information to the server after reception of all the pieces of the authentication information.

Abstract: The random number generating apparatus includes as a random number generation block: an A/D converter for converting a pick-up signal output from a pick-up block, into a digital image; a memory where the digital image is stored as pixel values; and a random number generator for extracting a digital data from pixel values of a plurality of pixels within the digital image of the pick-up signal output when no subject is present from the pick-up block stored in the memory and generating a random number from the digital data correlated to the plurality of pixels. Thus, it is possible to generate a random number having a long periodicity.

Abstract: A fingerprint collating device and a fingerprint collating method which can prevent an illicit use of fingerprint. The fingerprint collating device includes fingerprint reader for reading a user's fingerprint to create read fingerprint information, and to create read history information indicating that the read fingerprint information has been created, read history storage for storing the read history information, and collator for collating the read fingerprint information with the registered fingerprint information to effect personal authentication and output a result of authentication when the read history information is stored in the read history storage.

Abstract: When the user inputs an instruction for accessing storage information stored in a fingerprint identification unit to a host computer, the host computer sends an identification instruction command to the fingerprint identification unit. A fingerprint detection section formed of an LED, a lens barrel, a CCD, and an A/D converter read the fingerprint of the user, identifies the fingerprint by using an identification controller, and allows the user to access the storage information only when the identification result is affirmative. The identification result is also sent to the host computer simultaneously.

Abstract: The random number generating apparatus includes as a random number generation block: an A/D converter for converting a pick-up signal output from a pick-up block, into a digital image; a memory where the digital image is stored as pixel values; and a random number generator for extracting a digital data from pixel values of a plurality of pixels within the digital image of the pick-up signal output when no subject is present from the pick-up block stored in the memory and generating a random number from the digital data correlated to the plurality of pixels. Thus, it is possible to generate a random number having a long periodicity.

Abstract: A multi-mode cryptographic token that has at least one mode that allows for a certain period of time or number of operations to pass before requiring a user to logon. A predefined cryptographic operation is performed in each mode. Each mode has a predetermined expiration period or number of operations after which the most recent logon is no longer valid. The expiration date is compared with the present time obtained from the authenticator which requests the operation, or checked by the internal Mode Decrementing Counter, respectively.

Abstract: A simplified signing algorithm of the RSA formula is as follows: Sign Sx = ? Mx ? { Cx } = ? Cx Mx ? ? ? ( mod ? ? ? no ) Verify Eo ? { Sx } ? ? = Sx eo ? ? ? ( mod ? ? ? no ) = Cx Mx * eo ? ? ? ( mod ? ? ? no ) = Nx do * Mx * eo ? ? ? ( mod ? ? ? no ) = Nx Mx ? ? ? ( mod ? ? ? no ) Since Nxdo*eo (mod no)=Nx where Nx ID # of Entity X, License # issued to Entity X Do Private Key of System Authority O Eo Public Key of System Authority O no Modulus of the key pair Do, Eo Cx Secret Key of X where Cx = Nxdo (mod no) Mx Message sent by X Sx Message signed by X

Abstract: A system and method for distributing and controlling digital content are described. The invention allows the authentication of the identity of the user, purchase of licenses for digital content, and playback of digital content by the user on selected player devices. In one embodiment, the system includes distribution center server configured for storing a key for encrypted content; a licensee device configured for communicating with the distribution center server and for storing the key for the encrypted content and a digital certificate of the licensee device; and a gatekeeper device configured for communicating with the licensee device and for receiving the key for the encrypted content and the digital certificated of the licensee device, wherein the gatekeeper device is configured to decrypt the encrypted content, wherein the key for the encrypted content is capable of communicating with multiple gatekeeper devices.

Abstract: A system and method for protecting confidential data within an electronic device are described. The invention allows the authentication of the identity of the user through the user of a primary and/or secondary authentication system. In one embodiment, the system includes a pin module for locally storing a unique user identifier configured to correspond to an identity of an individual; an answer module for locally storing an answer set wherein the answer set comprises an answer to a corresponding question and is configured to correspond to the identity of the individual; and a controller for locally authenticating the identity of the individual by comparing an input with the answer set.

Abstract: A system and method for providing a mid-stream payment model that automatically transfers funds from a consumer to a merchant are described. The invention allows a consumer to create, edit, and store profile information including merchants, and corresponding consumer accounts, increment payments and total transaction costs. In one embodiment, the invention includes a matching module for matching a merchant to a plurality of listed merchants from a merchant list and identifying a selected consumer account based on the merchant; a connection module coupled to the matching module for automatically connecting the merchant with the selected consumer account; and a transfer module coupled the connection module for transferring funds from the selected consumer account to the merchant in response to a confirmation.

Abstract: A plurality of information-processing apparatus connected to an information management apparatus by a communication network. The information-processing apparatus generates elemental information in accordance with a predetermined condition. Authentication-information is generated irreversibly and univocally on the basis of the elemental information generated by the elemental-information-generating means. The information management apparatus receives a plurality of pieces of the authentication information which it transmits to the information-processing apparatus. The information-processing apparatus transmits the elemental information to the information management apparatus after reception of all the pieces of the authentication information.

Abstract: A system and method for providing a reverse payment model that automatically transfers funds a merchant to a consumer are described. The invention allows a consumer to create, edit, and store profile information including consumer accounts and corresponding default accounts. In one embodiment, the invention includes an input module for receiving a confirmation; a matching module coupled to the input module for comparing the confirmation to a plurality of consumer accounts and matching a selected account from the plurality of consumer accounts wherein the selected account has a default account; and a connection module coupled to the matching module for automatically connecting a merchant bank with a consumer bank associated with the default account corresponding to the selected account.

Abstract: A system and method for providing a secure transaction and authentication system through a gaming console are described. The invention allows a consumer to utilize a game console to conduct secure transactions and authenticate the identity of the consumer using the game console. In one embodiment, the invention includes a game console for use by a consumer; a biometric pad coupled to the game console for receiving a biometric input from the consumer to authenticate an identity of the consumer; and a control pad coupled to the game console for entering information by the consumer.

Abstract: Information-based digital currency and bartering shares a pre-defined level of information about a consumer to a party offering an item to the consumer. A value for the item is based on the level of information shared with the party. In a barter situation with another consumer, a barter valuation for the level of information shared is calculated. The item may be a physical or non-physical product or a service.

Abstract: Transaction information from more than one supplier on a network-enabled portal is consolidated by a consolidation payment service and a user provides payment information to the consolidation payment service a single time to pay the suppliers. A consolidation payment service receives a first transaction data from a first supplier located on a network-enabled portal. The consolidation payment service receives a second transaction data from a second supplier located on the network-enabled portal. The consolidation payment service consolidates the first transaction data and the second transaction data. The consolidation payment service receives payment information a single time from a user to pay the first supplier and the second supplier. The user is presented with a single transaction history that includes the first transaction data and the second transaction data.

Abstract: A system and method to manage and control access to content and transactions for use by a transaction device are described in detail below. In addition, authorization for an account to request content or conduct transactions may be confirmed locally within the transaction device. Further, setting levels of access and account management for each account can be performed locally within the transaction device. In one embodiment, access is requested from a secure entity. The access to the secure entity is granted if authentication information identifying a user requesting the access is provided to the secure entity. In one embodiment, a control parameter is stored on a local device; content is requested from the local device; and the content is locally compared with the control parameter on the local device to determine whether requesting the content is allowed.

Abstract: A method, an apparatus, and a system that prevents an unscrupulous person from stealing the identity of another party and using the stolen identity to obtain a transaction device such as a biometric device that is configured to access, for example, a line of credit. In one aspect, a first biometric data of a party is registered (or stored) in a suitable manner with a trusted entity. The first biometric data may be fingerprint data, iris data, retinal data, voice data, or other suitable biometric information associated with a party. The trusted entity, for example, may be the party's bank. A second biometric data (e.g., fingerprint data) is obtained from a person seeking financial credit. The person is prevented from registering a second biometric data (e.g., fingerprint data of the unscrupulous person) that does not match the first biometric data (e.g., fingerprint data of the originally registered individual). This prevents the unscrupulous person from stealing the identity of another party.

Abstract: A system and method for conducting electronic commerce transactions in which the electronic receipt and use of incentives is facilitated. By way of example, and not of limitation, the transactions are executed through a transaction clearing house mechanism and at least a portion of the exchange units associated with said transaction may be transacted to or from an escrow account that is associated with the transaction clearing house mechanism. An exchange rate mechanism automatically provides for the conversion of units of exchange that differ between the user and vendor. The system provides for the automatic, no-click, payment of invoices and bills, in addition to automatic purchases according to user preferences. Incentive programs are facilitated within the system between the user and vendor communities while preferably maintaining user anonymity.

Abstract: Magneto-optically recorded data can be recorded at high density, such that the data can be overwritten by a simple arrangement and with a small energy. Also, data of high recording density can be accurately recorded and reproduced by a simple arrangement. An alternating field having the same frequency as that of a recording fundamental clock generated by a PLL circuit (8) is generated by a coil (5) that is part of a tank circuit (7) and then applied to a magneto-optical disc (1). A phase of the recording fundamental clock is modulated by a phase modulating circuit (12) in association with recording data and a pulse synchronized with leading edge and trailing edge of such clock is generated by a pulse generating circuit (13). An optical pickup device (4) irradiates the magneto-optical disc (1) with a laser light in synchronism with the pulse.

Abstract: A recording and/or reproduction apparatus of an optical disc having recording tracks in which mirror areas are formed incorporates an optical head for recording or reproducing information signal onto or from the optical disc which has an optical detector for detecting a tracking error signal by a push-pull method; a fine actuator for precisely actuating the optical head finely; detecting means for detecting an output signal of the optical detector responding to reflected light from the mirror area; and driving means for driving the fine actuator in response to an output signal of the detecting means during the seeking operation.