Abstract: A communication system performs, by first and second data processing apparatuses, an electromagnetic-induction communication using a carrier having a single frequency. A transfer rate for use between the first and second data processing apparatuses is changeable in one transaction. The first data processing apparatus determines whether a transfer rate can be changed based on data transmitted from the second data processing apparatus. When the first data processing apparatus determines that the transfer rate can be changed, the first data processing apparatus transmits to the second data processing apparatus a request to change the transfer rate to one of a plurality of transfer rates.

Abstract: A communication system performs, by first and second data processing apparatuses, an electromagnetic-induction communication using a carrier having a single frequency. A transfer rate for use between the first and second data processing apparatuses is changeable in one transaction. The first data processing apparatus determines whether a transfer rate can be changed based on data transmitted from the second data processing apparatus. When the first data processing apparatus determines that the transfer rate can be changed, the first data processing apparatus transmits to the second data processing apparatus a request to change the transfer rate to one of a plurality of transfer rates.

Abstract: A communication apparatus includes a short-range communication unit that receives an inquiry signal from a short-range external communication apparatus and transmits a response signal in response to the inquiry signal. The communication apparatus also includes a long-range communication unit that communicates in a range wider than a communication area of the short-range communication unit. Further, the communication apparatus includes a session key generation unit that generates a session key, and an encrypting unit that encrypts the session key. The communication apparatus uses an encryption key transmitted from an external communication apparatus to encrypt the session key into an encrypted session key, transmits the encrypted session key to the external communication apparatus, and receives from the external communication apparatus a request signal to request a long-range communication, with the session key, by the long-range communication unit by using the short-range communication unit.

Abstract: A communication apparatus includes a short-range communication unit and a long-range communication unit that communicates via electromagnetic waves in a range wider than a communication area of the short-range communication unit. The communication apparatus further includes a session key generating unit that generates a random number and uses the random number to generate a session key. In addition, the communication apparatus includes an encrypting unit that encrypts the session key. The communication apparatus uses an encryption key transmitted from an external communication apparatus to encrypt the session key into an encrypted session key, transmits the encrypted session key to the external communication apparatus, and receives from the external communication apparatus a communication switching request signal to request a switching from a short-range communication by the short-range communication unit to a long-range communication, with the session key, the long-range communication unit.

Abstract: A coherent optical receiver includes a 90-degree optical hybrid circuit to which a received signal light is input, I-channel and Q-channel photo detectors to which the outputs of the hybrid circuit are input, a clock extraction circuit which reproduces a clock whose speed is the same as a demodulated signal obtained by demodulating the received signal light and which is synchronized therewith, I-channel and Q-channel sampling circuits which sample the signal outputs from the I-channel and Q-channel photo detectors by use of the clock, and a digital signal processing section which digitally processes the sampled signals, converts them to a digital signal, and outputs the digital signal. The digital signal processing section feeds a phase offset signal detected there back to the clock extraction circuit to thereby control the phase of the clock, and compensates dispersion of light within a fiber and phase fluctuation during free-space propagation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a communication system, a communication device, a communication method, and a program, which make it possible to achieve a reduction in communication time. When performing communication in passive mode, the initiator transmits a polling request frame where a first value is set in time slot information, and when performing communication in simple mode, the initiator transmits a polling request frame where a second value different from the first value is set in time slot information. When the time slot information included in the polling request frame from the initiator has the first value, the target transmits a polling response frame including an ID for identifying the target at the timing of a time slot determined by a random number, and when the time slot information has the second value, the target transmits a polling response frame including real data at the timing of a time slot set in advance.

Abstract: A communication system, a communication device and a communication method, to achieve a reduction in communication time. When performing communication in passive mode, the initiator transmits a polling request frame where a first value is set in time slot information, and when performing communication in simple mode, the initiator transmits a polling request frame where a second value different from the first value is set in time slot information. When the time slot information included in the polling request frame from the initiator has the first value, the target transmits a polling response frame including an ID for identifying the target at the timing of a time slot determined by a random number, and when the time slot information has the second value, the target transmits a polling response frame including real data at the timing of a time slot set in advance.

Abstract: A communication apparatus capable of using near field communication from various protocols, a communication method for use therewith, and a program for use therewith are provided. NFC communication apparatuses 1 to 3 capsulize an LLC packet of an LLC layer of a data link layer in an MAC packet of an MAC layer, capsulize the MAC packet in a physical layer packet of a physical layer, and transmit and receive the packet. In that case, the maximum length of the LLC packet is limited so as to be smaller than or equal to a length that is determined on the basis of the maximum length of the physical layer packet and the maximum number of MAC packets that can be transmitted continuously from the MAC layer to the LLC layer without making a response. The present invention can be applied to, for example, an IC card system or the like.

Abstract: A communication device includes: an electromagnetic-wave generating means for outputting an electromagnetic wave; and a transmitting/receiving means for transmitting data by modulating the electromagnetic wave in accordance with data as well as receiving data transmitted from the other device by demodulating the electromagnetic wave outputted by the electromagnetic-wave generating means or the electromagnetic wave outputted by the other device as the other party of communication, wherein the transmitting/receiving means transmits attribute information indicating communication ability of the device itself as well as receives attribute information indicating communication ability of the other device as the data, and the electromagnetic-wave generating means reduces power of the electromagnetic wave to be outputted after receiving the attribute information.

Abstract: A communication device is provided and includes: an electromagnetic-wave generating means for outputting an electromagnetic wave; and a transmitting/receiving means for transmitting data by modulating the electromagnetic wave in accordance with data as well as receiving data transmitted from the other device by demodulating the electromagnetic wave outputted by the electromagnetic-wave generating means or the electromagnetic wave outputted by the other device as the other party of communication, wherein the transmitting/receiving means transmits attribute information indicating communication ability of the device itself as well as receives attribute information indicating communication ability of the other device as the data, and the electromagnetic-wave generating means turns off the output of the electromagnetic wave for a given period of time after the transmission of the data based on the attribute information.

Abstract: A communication system, a communication apparatus, a communication method and a program wherein the communication time can be shortened. An initiator, when performing a passive mode of communication, transmits a polling request frame in which a first value is set as time slot information. The initiator, when performing a simple mode of communication, transmits a polling request frame in which a second value, different from the first value, is set as the time slot information. When the time slot information, which is included in the polling request frame from the initiator, is the first value, a target transmits a polling response frame including an ID that identifies the target at the timing of a time slot decided by use of a random number. When the time slot information is the second value, the target transmits a polling response frame including real data at the timing of a predetermined time slot. The present invention can be applied to, for example, IC card systems performing proximity communication.

Abstract: A communication apparatus capable of using near field communication from various protocols, a communication method for use therewith, and a program for use therewith are provided. NFC communication apparatuses 1 to 3 capsulize an LLC packet of an LLC layer of a data link layer in an MAC packet of an MAC layer, capsulize the MAC packet in a physical layer packet of a physical layer, and transmit and receive the packet. In that case, the maximum length of the LLC packet is limited so as to be smaller than or equal to a length that is determined on the basis of the maximum length of the physical layer packet and the maximum number of MAC packets that can be transmitted continuously from the MAC layer to the LLC layer without making a response. The present invention can be applied to, for example, an IC card system or the like.

Abstract: A coherent optical receiver includes a 90-degree optical hybrid circuit to which a received signal light is input, I-channel and Q-channel photo detectors to which the outputs of the hybrid circuit are input, a clock extraction circuit which reproduces a clock whose speed is the same as a demodulated signal obtained by demodulating the received signal light and which is synchronized therewith, I-channel and Q-channel sampling circuits which sample the signal outputs from the I-channel and Q-channel photo detectors by use of the clock, and a digital signal processing section which digitally processes the sampled signals, converts them to a digital signal, and outputs the digital signal. The digital signal processing section feeds a phase offset signal detected there back to the clock extraction circuit to thereby control the phase of the clock, and compensates dispersion of light within a fiber and phase fluctuation during free-space propagation.

Abstract: A communication apparatus capable of fully exhibiting capabilities that are inherently possessed by the communication apparatus for performing near field communication, a communication method for use therewith, and a program for use therewith an initiator performs near field communication with a target in accordance with are provided. For example, for each of predetermined n+1 types of capabilities possessed by the initiator or the target, the initiator generates capsules [0] to [n] containing one or more pieces of information related to a corresponding capability (S61). Next, the initiator generates a command ATR_REQ containing the generated capsules [0] to [n] (S62 to S64). Then, the initiator transmits the command ATR_REQ to the target. The present invention can be applied to, for example, an IC card system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a communication system and communication method which enable various types of near field communication, and a data processing apparatus. NFC communication apparatuses 1 to 3 have two features in that each can perform communication in two communication modes and that each can perform data transmission at a plurality of transfer rates. The two communication modes consist of a passive mode and an active mode. In the passive mode, between the NFC communication apparatuses 1 and 2, for example, the NFC communication apparatus 1 transmits data to the NFC communication apparatus 2 by modulating electromagnetic waves generated by itself, while the NFC communication apparatus 2 transmits data to the NFC communication apparatus 1 by performing load modulation on the electromagnetic waves generated by the NFC communication apparatus 1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a communication system and communication method which enable various types of near field communication, and a data processing apparatus. NFC communication apparatuses 1 to 3 have two features in that each can perform communication in two communication modes and that each can perform data transmission at a plurality of transfer rates. The two communication modes consist of a passive mode and an active mode. In the passive mode, between the NFC communication apparatuses 1 and 2, for example, the NFC communication apparatus 1 transmits data to the NFC communication apparatus 2 by modulating electromagnetic waves generated by itself, while the NFC communication apparatus 2 transmits data to the NFC communication apparatus 1 by performing load modulation on the electromagnetic waves generated by the NFC communication apparatus 1.

Abstract: A communication apparatus capable of easily identifying a communication partner and securely sharing a session key between the communication apparatus and the communication partner even if the communication apparatus has a processing power that is not so high includes a short-range active communication unit 101 transmitting an inquiry signal to a short-range external communication apparatus by electromagnetic waves and waiting for a response to the inquiry signal; a long-range communication unit 104 capable of communication by the electromagnetic waves in a range wider than the communication area of the short-range active communication means; a switching unit 111 switching to either the short-range active communication unit or the long-range communication unit; and an asymmetric key generator 102 generating a pair of an encryption key and a decryption key corresponding to the encryption key.

Abstract: A communication device for performing near field communication, includes: a near field communication device having a near field communication section for performing near field communication in either one of an active mode and a passive mode, and an interface section for supplying the near field communication section with data from a data processing device for processing data targeted by communication of the near field communication section, and supplying the data processing device with data from the near field communication section; and one or more of the data processing devices connected to the interface section by one output bus on which the data output by the interface section is transmitted, and one input bus on which the data input to the interface section is transmitted, wherein the data processing device includes bus right management means.

Abstract: A system using a tape cassette (1) with a memory (4) as a recording medium is provided. In the memory (4) provided in the tape cassette (1) used in the system, there is formed a storage area where instruction/object information in which an instruction to be executed by a required device is stated in addition to a storage area where management information for managing recording to or playback from the tape cassette (1) is stated. At an information processor (10, 40 or 50), instruction/object information is acquired from the memory (4) and processed to provide a control corresponding to the content of the instruction/object information. A device to make some action on the tape cassette (1) can thus have a higher operability and extensibility.

Abstract: A communication apparatus and a communication method prevent responses from being simultaneously received from two or more communicating parties. A first NFC apparatus transmits data for requesting IDs, and acquires IDs sent from second and third NFC apparatuses in reply to the request. After acquiring the IDs of the second and third NFC apparatuses, the first NFC apparatus transmits data that includes their IDs as the data for the second and third NFC apparatuses. If the first NFC apparatus cannot properly acquire the IDs of the second and third NFC apparatuses, then it sends the data for requesting their IDs again. Upon receipt of the request for the IDs, the second and third NFC apparatuses generate their own IDs by using random numbers and send the generated IDs. If the second and third NFC apparatuses receive the request for their IDs again, then they re-generate their own IDs by using random numbers, and send the re-generated IDs again.