Abstract: A computer implemented method for scenario generation for autonomous vehicle navigation that can include defining a cellular automaton layer that defines a road network level behavior with at least one rule directed to pathways by vehicles on a passageway for travel. The method may further include defining an active matter layer that defines a vehicle level behavior with at least one rule directed to movement of the vehicles on an ideal route for the pathways; and defining a driver agent layer that defines driving nature with at least one rule that impacts changes in the vehicle level behavior dependent upon a characterization of driver behavior. The method may further include combining outputs from the different layer to provide scenario generations for autonomous vehicle navigation. The combining of the outputs can utilize a pseudo random value to determine at an order in the execution and duration of execution for the layers.

Abstract: The steam generation device includes a steam generation container, a lid portion, and a water level sensor. The steam generation container heats water. The lid portion covers an upper opening portion of the steam generation container. The water level sensor detects a water level in the steam generation container. The water level sensor includes a first electrode rod, a second electrode rod, a bracket, and silicone rubber. The first electrode rod is fixed to the lid portion in a state where the first electrode rod penetrates the lid portion. The bracket is configured integrally with the second electrode rod, inserted into an opening portion provided in the lid portion, and fixed to a peripheral edge portion of the opening portion. The silicone rubber is interposed between the bracket and the lid portion.

Abstract: A computer implemented method for scenario generation for autonomous vehicle navigation that can include defining a cellular automaton layer that defines a road network level behavior with at least one rule directed to pathways by vehicles on a passageway for travel. The method may further include defining an active matter layer that defines a vehicle level behavior with at least one rule directed to movement of the vehicles on an ideal route for the pathways; and defining a driver agent layer that defines driving nature with at least one rule that impacts changes in the vehicle level behavior dependent upon a characterization of driver behavior. The method may further include combining outputs from the different layer to provide scenario generations for autonomous vehicle navigation. The combining of the outputs can utilize a pseudo random value to determine at an order in the execution and duration of execution for the layers.

Abstract: A blowback air amount is an amount of air that is part of the air that has flowed into a combustion chamber and is blown back into an intake passage before an intake valve closes. If the blowback air amount increases, a controller causes a fuel injection valve to inject fuel by an amount increased with respect to a fuel amount for a case in which the blowback air amount remains constant. The controller sets an increase amount of fuel injected from the fuel injection valve to a greater value when the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio of the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve is small than when the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio of the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve is great.

Abstract: A blowback air amount is an amount of air that is part of the air that has flowed into a combustion chamber and is blown back into an intake passage before an intake valve closes. If the blowback air amount increases, a controller causes a fuel injection valve to inject fuel by an amount increased with respect to a fuel amount for a case in which the blowback air amount remains constant. The controller sets an increase amount of fuel injected from the fuel injection valve to a greater value when the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio of the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve is small than when the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio of the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve is great.

Abstract: A fuel injection control device for an engine includes an ECU. The ECU is configured to: change a port injection ratio in accordance with an operation state of the engine; execute correction of the total fuel injection amount by reflecting a correction amount in a basic fuel injection amount depending on the operation state when the port injection ratio is changed; and when the ECU changes the port injection ratio and calculates a second correction amount that is the correction amount having one of the positive and negative values during the execution of the correction based on a first correction amount that is the correction amount having the other one of the positive and negative values, limit reflection of the first correction amount in the basic injection amount.

Abstract: A fuel injection control device for an engine includes an ECU. The ECU is configured to: change a port injection ratio in accordance with an operation state of the engine; execute correction of the total fuel injection amount by reflecting a correction amount in a basic fuel injection amount depending on the operation state when the port injection ratio is changed; and when the ECU changes the port injection ratio and calculates a second correction amount that is the correction amount having one of the positive and negative values during the execution of the correction based on a first correction amount that is the correction amount having the other one of the positive and negative values, limit reflection of the first correction amount in the basic injection amount.

Abstract: A controller for an internal combustion engine includes a processing circuit configured to execute a calculating process that calculates a returned air amount and an operating process that operates a fuel injection valve so that an air-fuel ratio of a mixture that is burned in a combustion chamber is controlled to a target value. The operating process includes under a condition in which the returned air amount is increased, having the fuel injection valve inject fuel increased in amount from a constant fuel amount, which is an amount of fuel injected when the returned air amount is unchanged, and under a condition in which the returned air amount is decreased, having the fuel injection valve inject fuel decreased in amount from the constant fuel amount.

Abstract: A controller for an internal combustion engine includes a processing circuit configured to execute a calculating process that calculates a returned air amount and an operating process that operates a fuel injection valve so that an air-fuel ratio of a mixture that is burned in a combustion chamber is controlled to a target value. The operating process includes under a condition in which the returned air amount is increased, having the fuel injection valve inject fuel increased in amount from a constant fuel amount, which is an amount of fuel injected when the returned air amount is unchanged, and under a condition in which the returned air amount is decreased, having the fuel injection valve inject fuel decreased in amount from the constant fuel amount.

Abstract: An optical disc device includes: an optical disc drive that reads data from a plurality of optical discs in which user data is recorded while distributed in the plurality of optical discs; a memory unit in which data read from an optical disc of a first group that is a part of the plurality of optical discs is recorded through the optical disc drive; and a controller that reproduces the user data from data of a remaining optical disc except for the first group, the data of the remaining optical disc being read through the optical disc drive, and the data recorded in the memory unit.

Abstract: A cooking device has, in a cooking chamber thereof, a cooking tray (91) which is to be placed in the heating chamber (2) so as to have a gap against a rear portion (2d) of the heating chamber (2) and on which a heating object (15) to be heated is to be mounted directly or indirectly, a rear blowoff port (29) which is provided in the rear portion (2d) of the heating chamber (2) so as to be positioned on an upper side of the gap and near a rear portion of the cooking tray (91) and which is communicated with a duct (18) so as to allow the heat medium to be blown off into the heating chamber (2), and a flow regulation structure (62) provided on a rear side of the rear blowoff port (29) and arranged to regulate a flow of the heat medium. The flow regulation structure (62) has, on a lower side thereof, a first guide surface (63) extending in a direction generally parallel to a horizontal direction.

Abstract: An optical disc device includes: an optical disc drive that reads data from a plurality of optical discs in which user data is recorded while distributed in the plurality of optical discs; a memory unit in which data read from an optical disc of a first group that is a part of the plurality of optical discs is recorded through the optical disc drive; and a controller that reproduces the user data from data of a remaining optical disc except for the first group, the data of the remaining optical disc being read through the optical disc drive, and the data recorded in the memory unit.

Abstract: An information recording method of recording information is provided in an information recording medium having a plurality of recording layers including a first recording layer and a second recording layer located to be closer to a surface than the first recording layer, each of the plurality of recording layers includes a user data area for recording user data, a spare area for alternatively recording data of failed recording into the user data area, and a management information area for recording management information. The first recording layer is used as a recording object layer at start of recording. When any one of the user data area, the spare area, and the management information area of the first recording layer runs short of a free space, then the recording object layer of the user data area, the spare area, and the management information area is switched over to the second recording layer.

Abstract: An information recording method of recording information is provided in an information recording medium having a plurality of recording layers including a first recording layer and a second recording layer located to be closer to a surface than the first recording layer, each of the plurality of recording layers includes a user data area for recording user data, a spare area for alternatively recording data of failed recording into the user data area, and a management information area for recording management information. The first recording layer is used as a recording object layer at start of recording. When any one of the user data area, the spare area, and the management information area of the first recording layer runs short of a free space, then the recording object layer of the user data area, the spare area, and the management information area is switched over to the second recording layer.

Abstract: Provided is a stirring apparatus that can drive a stirring body with a simple structure and without applying excessive force. The stirring apparatus is provided with: the stirring body, which is a two-circle roller having an axis of rotation and two stirring fins; first and second drive shafts with axial centers not matching the axis rotation; a first shaft coupling, which connects the first drive shaft on a first stirring fin side of the axis rotation; a second shaft coupling, which connects the second drive shaft on a second stirring fin side of the axis of rotation; and a driving unit that exclusively carries out rotary drive of only either of the first and second drive shafts.

Abstract: A cooking device has, in a cooking chamber thereof, a cooking tray (91) which is to be placed in the heating chamber (2) so as to have a gap against a rear portion (2d) of the heating chamber (2) and on which a heating object (15) to be heated is to be mounted directly or indirectly, a rear blowoff port (29) which is provided in the rear portion (2d) of the heating chamber (2) so as to be positioned on an upper side of the gap and near a rear portion of the cooking tray (91) and which is communicated with a duct (18) so as to allow the heat medium to be blown off into the heating chamber (2), and a flow regulation structure (62) provided on a rear side of the rear blowoff port (29) and arranged to regulate a flow of the heat medium. The flow regulation structure (62) has, on a lower side thereof, a first guide surface (63) extending in a direction generally parallel to a horizontal direction.

Abstract: Provided is a stirring apparatus that can drive a stirring body with a simple structure and without applying excessive force. The stirring apparatus is provided with: the stirring body, which is a two-circle roller having an axis of rotation and two stirring fins; first and second drive shafts with axial centers not matching the axis rotation; a first shaft coupling, which connects the first drive shaft on a first stirring fin side of the axis rotation; a second shaft coupling, which connects the second drive shaft on a second stirring fin side of the axis of rotation; and a driving unit that exclusively carries out rotary drive of only either of the first and second drive shafts.

Abstract: A water level sensor (91) is provided in an auxiliary tank (39) whose bottom portion communicates to a bottom portion of a pot (41) for generating steam and which is opened to the atmosphere. When water in the pot (41) keeps boiling and the stop time of a pump (35) reaches a predetermined time (e.g., 60 sec.), the pump (35) is driven for a predetermined time (e.g., 6 sec.) to supply water to the pot (41). This temporarily suppresses the boiling of water in the pot (41), lowering a steam pressure in a space formed by an external circulation passage (60), a heating chamber, and the pot (41). The water level in the auxiliary tank (39) then returns to a normal one, making it possible to correctly detect the water level in the pot (41).

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide a tyrosine derivative which is useful as a melatonin MT1 receptor antagonist, and a method for producing a specific tyrosine derivative with high yield by efficiently introducing an iodine atom at the para position of the phenolic hydroxy group in the benzene ring of tyrosine with good regioselectivity. The tyrosine derivative of the present invention is characterized in being represented by the following formula (I): wherein R1 is a protective group of the amino group and the like; R2 is a protective group of the carboxy group and the like; R3 is a hydrogen atom and the like; R4 is a halogen atom and the like; A is —(CH2)l—[Z(CH2)m]n—; X is a leaving group.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide a tyrosine derivative which is useful as a melatonin MT1 receptor antagonist, and a method for producing a specific tyrosine derivative with high yield by efficiently introducing an iodine atom at the para position of the phenolic hydroxy group in the benzene ring of tyrosine with good regioselectivity. The tyrosine derivative of the present invention is characterized in being represented by the following formula (I): wherein R1 is a protective group of the amino group and the like; R2 is a protective group of the carboxy group and the like; R3 is a hydrogen atom and the like; R4 is a halogen atom and the like; A is —(CH2)l—[Z(CH2)m]n—; X is a leaving group.