Abstract: A fuel cell has a fuel electrode and an oxidizing agent electrode, a fuel supply path that supplies a liquid fuel to the fuel electrode, an oxidizing agent supply path that supplies an oxidizing agent to the oxidizing agent electrode, and an opening/closing member that, by changing its shape, opens and closes the oxidizing agent supply path. The change in the shape of the opening/closing member regulates the opening and closing of the oxidizing agent supply path.

Abstract: A polymer electrolyte fuel cell which has a polymer electrolyte membrane, an anode disposed on one side of the polymer electrolyte membrane and a cathode disposed on the other side of the polymer electrolyte membrane, wherein an organic fuel is supplied to the anode, and wherein the anode has an anode catalyst layer containing a catalyst and a proton-conducting material, and the cathode has a cathode catalyst layer containing a catalyst, a proton-conducting material and an oxygen-permeating material.

Abstract: A plume (109) is generated by irradiating a side face of a graphite rod (101) with a laser beam (103) to vaporize carbon. The vaporized carbon is introduced to a carbon nanohorn recovery chamber (119) through a recovery pipe (155), and the vaporized carbon is recovered as a carbon nanohorn assembly (117). A cooling tank (150) including liquid nitrogen (151) is arranged in the recovery pipe (155). While the cooling tank (150) controls the plume (109) at a low temperature, the cooling tank (150) cools the carbon vapor when the carbon vapor passes through the recovery pipe (155). The cooled carbon vapor is recovered as the carbon nanohorn assembly (117) which is controlled in the desired shape and dimensions.

Abstract: For the purpose of efficiently discharging CO2 generated therein while increasing the fuel utilization efficiency, a fuel cell comprises a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, a cathode arranged in contact with one side of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane, an anode arranged in contact with the other side of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane, a cathode collector and an anode collector respectively arranged in contact with the cathode and anode, a sealing member arranged in the rim of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane and sandwiched between the solid polymer electrolyte membrane and the anode collector, a fuel supply controlling membrane for vaporizing a liquid fuel and supplying the vaporized fuel to the anode, and a discharging unit for discharging a product produced by electrical reaction at the anode to the outside. An air vent formed in the sealing member serves as the discharging unit.

Abstract: In an Mn-containing perovskite oxide which is a conventional phase-change substance (A1?xBx)MnO3, when the mixing amount x is increased, the transition temperature (Tc) is shifted to higher temperature side, but the slope of a change in the emittance become gentle and ?? (? at higher temperature?? at lower temperature) also become small. In the present invention, the compositional formula of the phase-change substance is the Mn-containing perovskite oxide represented by (A1?xBx)Mn1+yO3 with 0<y in which the Mn ratio is changed from stoichiometric composition, thereby shifting the transition temperature (Tc) to a higher temperature with the emittance characteristic thereof comparable to that of the phase-change substance having the composition which is not changed from stoichiometric composition.

Abstract: An electrode sheet (489) is put in one side of a solid electrolyte membrane (114) at its cut portion. A base member (110) for an oxidant electrode side current collector electrode sheet (499) is placed at a location facing a base member (104) for the electrode sheet (489) formed on one face of the solid electrolyte membrane (114). In addition, the base member (104) for a fuel electrode side current collector electrode sheet (497) is placed at a location facing the base member (110) formed on the other face of the electrolyte film (114).

Abstract: A fuel cell has a fuel electrode and an oxidizing agent electrode, a fuel supply path that supplies a liquid fuel to the fuel electrode, an oxidizing agent supply path that supplies an oxidizing agent to the oxidizing agent electrode, and an opening/closing member that, by changing its shape, opens and closes the oxidizing agent supply path. The change in the shape of the opening/closing member regulates the opening and closing of the oxidizing agent supply path.

Abstract: A heat controller for an object, having a composite material formed of a base material radiating a large amount of heat at a high-temperature phase and a phase-change substance having insulation properties at a high-temperature phase, having metallic properties at a low-temperature phase, radiating a small amount of heat at a low-temperature phase, and having a high reflectivity in the thermal infrared region at a low-temperature phase.

Abstract: Output properties of a fuel cell can be improved by using a single cell structure 1387 having an anode 102 and an oxidizing agent electrode 108 in both sides of a solid electrolyte membrane 114 and an evaporation inhibiting layer 1388 covering the surface of the cathode 108 which is not in contact with the solid electrolyte membrane 114.

Abstract: Even when a temperature is lowered, a temperature of a fuel cell is raised, thereby improving the availability. In a fuel cell 1311, a combustion unit 1303 is provided in contact with a unit cell structure 101. In addition, a fuel tank 1309 is provided in contact with a fuel electrode 102 constituting the unit cell structure 101 and supplies a fuel 124 to the fuel electrode 102 directly. A part of the fuel 124 is supplied to the combustion unit 1303 from an combustion fuel discharging exit 1315 provided in the fuel tank 1309 via a combustion fuel supply pipe 1313.

Abstract: A fuel cell (100) is mounted with a fuel cartridge (1220) in a detachable manner. The fuel cartridge (1220) is provided with a connecting part (1225) and the fuel cell (100) is provided with a fitting part (1205) into which the connecting part (1225) is fitted. The fuel cell (100) identifies the fitted fuel cartridge (1220).

Abstract: Wall portion 1372 of fuel cartridge 1361 is provided with fuel outlet port 1363 for feeding liquid fuel 124 to fuel cell main body 100 and has an opening for fuel introduction. Detachable fuel injection part 1365 is fitted into the opening for fuel introduction. Fuel injection part 136 of fuel cartridge 1361, after use, is removed from wall portion 1372, and fuel cartridge 1361 is refilled with liquid fuel 124 through the opening for reuse.

Abstract: Fuel cartridge 1501 has a double structure including case 1502 and inner container 1503 stored with liquid fuel 124. Case 1502 is made of a resin that is impact-resistant. Inner container 1503 is made of a resin resistant to liquid fuel.

Abstract: [Problems] Miniaturization and weight-saving of a fuel cell including a plurality of unit cells are intended together with higher integration of the unit cells. [Means for Solving Problems] A pair of electrode sheet 100a, 100b, each having a plurality of fuel electrodes 110a, 110b or a plurality of oxidant electrodes 112a, 112b supported by a resin section 102, are disposed on a single plane on the respective surfaces of a solid electrolyte membrane 105 to configure a plurality of unit cells. The fuel electrode and the oxidant electrode of the adjacent two unit cells existing on the respective surfaces of the solid electrolyte membrane are connected in series by using an electroconductive member penetrating the solid electrolyte membrane. Since the electroconductive member 108 extends along the stacking direction of the cell, no excess space is required to achieve the miniaturization of the fuel cell.

Abstract: [Problems] A fuel cell is provided which can supply the stable power and has higher reliability and a longer period of life without the influence of the circumstances and the operation conditions. [Means for Solving Problems] An absorbent 1051 disposed near an oxidant electrode 108 of a fuel cell including a fuel electrode 102 and the oxidant electrode approaches to the vicinity of or is in contact with the oxidant electrode surface or departs from the oxidant electrode. Thereby, the absorbent removes moisture on the oxidant electrode so that the fuel cell which can supply the stable power with the higher reliability and the longer period of life can be provided.

Abstract: A fuel cartridge in a fuel cell is constructed so as to be removably mounted to a fuel cell body. The fuel cartridge is constructed so that a high-concentration fuel tank and a mixing tank are detachably connected at a fitting section. A low-concentration fuel, a recovered fuel recovered from a fuel container, and a high-concentration fuel in the high-concentration fuel tank are mixed in the mixing tank to be a fuel at a predetermined concentration of fuel component, and then the fuel is supplied to the fuel container.

Abstract: The operability of a fuel cell which uses a fuel cartridge housing a liquid fuel is improved. A fuel cartridge 1400 houses a liquid fuel 124. The fuel cartridge 1400 includes a gas-liquid separation film 1408 which divides a fuel housing section 1402 into a liquid housing chamber 1402a and a gas housing chamber 1402b. A fuel gas, which is the vaporized liquid fuel, is housed in the gas housing chamber 1402b. A gas exhaust pipe 1410 is connected to the gas housing chamber 1402b, and the fuel gas housed in the gas housing chamber 1402b is discharged to outside the fuel cartridge 1400 via a gas discharge port 1414.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell main body which has a solid polymer electrolytic membrane, a fuel electrode and an oxidant electrode attached to the solid electrolyte membrane; a fuel storage unit which stores liquid fuel; a polymer membrane having a proton conductivity and provided in the fuel storage unit; a concentration detection unit (a first electrode terminal and a second electrode terminal) which detects the alcohol concentration of the liquid fuel in the fuel storage unit based on the alteration of the proton conductivity of said polymer membrane; and a concentration measurement unit.

Abstract: In a nanocarbon-producing device (173), a plane mirror (169) and a parabolic mirror (171) are arranged in a production chamber (107). Light, emitted from a laser light source (111), transmitted through a ZnSe window (133) is reflected at the plane mirror (169) and the parabolic mirror (171), collected at the parabolic mirror (171), and then irradiated onto the surface of a graphite rod (101).

Abstract: Plural carbon nanohorn aggregates are mechanically mixed, and catalysts are supported on surfaces of the mixed carbon nanohorn aggregates. Alternatively gas is adsorbed on the surfaces of the mixed carbon nanohorn aggregates.