Abstract: In a Roots vacuum pump, an inlet port is located at a position n spaced by a positive displacement angle of 120° in one direction from a center of each rotational axis relative to an imaginary line m connecting rotor axes. An outlet port is located at a position o opposite to the inlet port relative to the line. An air feed port is formed at a position t on a casing wall obtained by returning by 90° from the position o to the inlet port side so that two closed spaces are defined by adjacent rotor lobes and a casing inner wall at both port sides immediately after air suction respectively. The casing has discharge grooves in an area of the inner wall so as to communicate with the outlet port. The area ranges from the position o to a position u obtained by returning by 45° from the position o to the inlet port side. The discharge grooves have a total volume ranging from 2% to 5% of a volume of one of the closed spaces.

Abstract: An application that operates on a user terminal records an operation performed by a user, in an operation history data. A training support apparatus stores the operation history data in an operation history DB, and analyzes the operation history data to generate a use record DB. The training support apparatus generates a customized curriculum and advice data based on the use record DB, to provide efficient training according to a knowledge level and a usage pattern of the user.

Abstract: A vehicle-mounted apparatus includes a body having an insertion opening and a medium reader apparatus that reads data stored in a data storage medium inserted into the medium reader apparatus through the insertion opening, a front panel that is movable at least between a closed position where the panel hides the insertion opening and an opened position where the panel reveals the insertion opening so that the media can be inserted into the medium reader apparatus, and a sealing means that is provided with at least one of the panel and the body. When the panel is in the closed position, the panel and the body are connected together through the sealing member to seal the insertion opening. Thus, dust can be prevented from entering the body through the insertion opening.

Abstract: A gas discharge tube 10 of the present invention generates an electric discharge between an anode part 24 and a cathode part 56 disposed inside a sealed container 12 in which gas has been contained. The gas discharge tube 10 comprises an electric discharge path restricting part 28 which is cylindrical and disposed between the anode part and the cathode part, and which has a throughhole 42 for narrowing an electric discharge path between the anode part and the cathode part; and an electric discharge shielding part 50 which is disposed to surround the electric discharge path restricting part so as to restrict an electric discharge from the outer peripheral surface of the electric discharge path restricting part to the cathode part, and which is electrically isolated from the electric discharge path restricting part.

Abstract: A gas discharge tube 10 of the present invention generates an electric discharge between an anode part 24 and a cathode part 52 disposed inside a sealed container 12 in which gas has been sealed. The gas discharge tube 10 includes an electric discharge path restricting part 28 which is cylindrical and disposed between the anode part and the cathode part, and which has a throughhole 46 for narrowing an electric discharge path between the anode part and the cathode part; and a supporting part 30 which supports the electric discharge path restricting part and which is electric insulating. The electric discharge path restricting part is provided at its tip portion with a projecting part 44 which is cylindrical and projects toward the cathode part side. Letting the outer diameter and height of the projecting part 44 be “D” and “H,” respectively, then D/H is in the range of 0.5 to 2.0. With this structure, it is possible to generate an intense electric field in the vicinity of the tip of the projecting part.

Abstract: In the gas discharge tube according to the present invention, there is carried out narrowing of the discharge path with cooperation of the first opening 20 and the second opening 12 in order to obtain higher luminance of light. Further, in order to maintain excellent starting-properties of a lamp even if the discharge path is narrowed, a predetermined voltage is applied to a second discharge path limit portion 11 externally. Thereby, a positive or active starting discharge is produced in such a manner as to pass through the first opening 20. Further, the second opening 12 is comprised of not only a straight section 13 extending in a direction of an optical axis Y, but also a spread section 14 extending from an end portion of the straight section 13 toward the first opening 20. The spread section 14 has a function of improving the starting properties of the lamp and forms an arc ball, and the straight section has a function of improving a plasma density.

Abstract: The gas discharge tube in accordance with the present invention comprises at least two electrically conductive aperture members disposed within a thermoelectron transmission path between a cathode and an anode, and an insulator for electrically insulating the electrically conductive aperture members from each other, thereby being able to emit light with a high luminance. Its startability at the time of emitting light can be enhanced in particular when the aperture area of the electrically conductive aperture member on the downstream side in the thermoelectron transmission path is set favorably.

Abstract: In order to obtain light of a high luminance in a gas discharge tube of the present invention, a discharge path is narrowed by a first opening 18 and a second opening 13 in collaboration. Further, in order to provide favorable startability in a lamp even when the discharge path is narrowed, a predetermined voltage is applied from the outside to first and second discharge path limiting portions 16, 12. As a result, an active starting discharge which is capable of passing through the first and second openings is produced between a cathode portion 20 and the first and second discharge path limiting portions 16, 12, and thus discharge between the cathode portion 20 and an anode portion 8 is started speedily.

Abstract: In a gas discharge tube 1 of the present invention, a focusing electrode portion 14 and a discharge limiting portion 30 are electrically insulated, and the discharge limiting portion 30 comprises a discharge limiting opening 31 which opposes an arc ball shaping concave portion 16. Thus the formation of a discharge path from a cathode portion 20 to the concave portion 16 is ensured and a starting discharge can be reliably generated. Further, by means of the discharge limiting opening 31 which opposes the concave portion 16, an arc ball S can be continuously maintained in an appropriate shape even when a lamp is illuminated, and thus the arc ball S can be shaped with stability, thereby stabilizing the luminance and light quantity.

Abstract: A power-cord connection set including a plug and an outlet, wherein an annular joining protrusion having a tapered cross-section is provided around the terminals of the plug and an annular joining depression having a tapered cross-section and corresponding to the annular joining protrusion is provided around the terminal receptors of the outlet.

Abstract: In a gas discharge tube, a first discharge path-induction portion is arranged between a first discharge path-limit portion and a second discharge path-limit portion. A voltage is applied to the first discharge path-induction portion from the outside. As a result, an active starting discharge capable of passing through a first opening of the first discharge path-limit portion is produced between a cathode portion and the first discharge path-induction portion. As a consequence, there is facilitated the discharge at a starting time to pass through a second opening. As a consequence, there is achieved a rapid starting of discharge between the cathode portion and an anode portion.

Abstract: A flange portion is integrally formed with a stem which forms a sealing envelope for a gas discharge tube. Accordingly, operation for building and fixing the flange portion is not necessary, so that lamp assembly operation is simplified, and mass production is facilitated. In addition, when a gas discharge tube is to be fixed to an external stem setting portion, lamp setting is enabled at higher precision by utilizing positioning holes formed in the flange portion in advance.

Abstract: In order to obtain light of a high luminance in a gas discharge tube of the present invention, a discharge path is narrowed by a first opening 18 and a second opening 13 in collaboration. Further, in order to provide favorable startability in a lamp even when the discharge path is narrowed, a predetermined voltage is applied from the outside to first and second discharge path limiting portions 16, 12. As a result, an active starting discharge which is capable of passing through the first and second openings is produced between a cathode portion 20 and the first and second discharge path limiting portions 16, 12, and thus discharge between the cathode portion 20 and an anode portion 8 is started speedily.

Abstract: The gas discharge tube in accordance with the present invention comprises at least two electrically conductive aperture members disposed within a thermoelectron transmission path between a cathode and an anode, and an insulator for electrically insulating the electrically conductive aperture members from each other, thereby being able to emit light with a high luminance. Its startability at the time of emitting light can be enhanced in particular when the aperture area of the electrically conductive aperture member on the downstream side in the thermoelectron transmission path is set favorably.

Abstract: In a gas discharge tube 1 of the present invention, a focusing electrode portion 14 and a discharge limiting portion 30 are electrically insulated, and the discharge limiting portion 30 comprises a discharge limiting opening 31 which opposes an arc ball shaping concave portion 16. Thus the formation of a discharge path from a cathode portion 20 to the concave portion 16 is ensured and a starting discharge can be reliably generated. Further, by means of the discharge limiting opening 31 which opposes the concave portion 16, an arc ball S can be continuously maintained in an appropriate shape even when a lamp is illuminated, and thus the arc ball S can be shaped with stability, thereby stabilizing the luminance and light quantity.

Abstract: A power-cord connection set including a plug and an outlet, wherein an annular joining protrusion having a tapered cross-section is provided around the terminals of the plug and an annular joining depression having a tapered cross-section and corresponding to the annular joining protrusion is provided around the terminal receptors of the outlet.

Abstract: In a gas discharge tube in which a sealed envelope at least a part of which transmits light is filled with a gas, and electric discharge is generated between anode and cathode sections disposed within the sealed envelope, so as to emit predetermined light outside from the light-transmitting part of the sealed envelope, the anode section is mounted on an insulating anode support member, an insulating electrode support member having an opening for exposing the anode section is mounted on a surface surrounding the anode section, a focusing electrode having a focusing opening projecting toward the anode section is further mounted at the front face of the opening, and the cathode section is disposed on the anode support member or focusing electrode support member so as to be spaced from the focusing opening.

Abstract: In the gas discharge tube of the present invention, for elongating the life of the discharge tube itself while lowering the assembling temperature, a side tube itself is formed from glass, and a metal is employed in a joint between a stem and the side tube. Namely, a metal-made first peripheral portion provided in the stem and a metal-made second peripheral portion provided in the side tube are utilized in the joint. As a result, the discharge tube itself can be made smaller.

Abstract: In a gas discharge tube in accordance with the present invention, a side tube is formed from a metal, the outer periphery of the stem is provided with a joint portion made of a metal, and the latter is joined to a metal-made joint portion of the side tube by welding, whereby the assembling is made easier by welding, while the gas discharge tube itself can attain smaller dimensions. Also, since the side tube is small and made of a metal, its handling improves greatly. Further, since side tube is formed from a metal, the gas discharge tube is encouraged to have a wider range of processed forms and attains a prospect for mass production.

Abstract: While high heat is generated in the anode section in the gas discharge tube in accordance with the present invention during its use, the heat is transmitted to the stem by way of the anode support plate due to a configuration in which the anode support plate abuts against the stem, and is released outside from the stem, whereby the cooling efficiency of the anode section is improved. Since the anode section employs not a floating structure including stem pins interposed therein but a configuration in which it is seated on the stem by way of the anode support plate, the anode section is stabilized on the stem, whereby the resistance to vibration improves. Also, for assembling the anode section into a sealed envelope, it will be sufficient if the anode support plate is mounted on the stem, which contributes to improving the easiness in assembling the gas discharge tube.