Abstract: An electroacoustic transducer has an cup chamber and a diaphragm made of deformable electrostrictive polymer, which is attached to an opening of the chamber. The electroacoustic transducer also has first and second adaptive electrode layers formed on a front surface and a rear surface of the diaphragm, across which audio signal voltage biased by a direct-current biased voltage is applied. The first and second adaptive electrode layers have shapes that are adjustable according to a change in a shape of the diaphragm. The diaphragm is formed to make maximum a difference in air pressure of the front surface and the rear surface of the diaphragm, thereby forming any one of concave and convex shapes thereof.

Abstract: A driving device has a magnetostrictive actuator that drives a load member based on a driving signal, a sensor that detects an action of the load member, and a compensation unit that performs feedback compensation on the driving signal which the magnetostrictive actuator receives, based on a detection signal that is received from the sensor.

Abstract: An electromechanical transformation device has a magnetostrictive actuator and a driving device that drives the magnetostrictive actuator. The driving device drives the magnetostrictive actuator based on any one of the vibration signal and the audio signal or mixed signal of them.

Abstract: There is provided an acoustic vibratory plate having at least first to third laminated bodies layered. In the acoustic vibratory plate, the first and third laminated bodies are formed of a polymer material, and the second laminated body is formed of a polymer material different from the polymer material forming the first and third laminated bodies in dynamic internal loss.

Abstract: A magnetostriction device is made such that an impregnated composition material, such as phenol resin, a resin in which an inorganic material such as silica is dispersed into a phenol resin, an epoxy based resin, or an acrylic resin is impregnated and caked into holes of a magnetostrictive sintered material manufactured by a powder metallurgy method. This magnetostriction device has improved mechanical strength against external force.

Abstract: A loudspeaker device 1 includes an acoustic diaphragm 5 composed of a domed diaphragm 11, an edge-like diaphragm 13, and a junctional flat portion 12 which joins those domed and edge-like diaphragms, and a joined portion 23 where an end surface of a bobbin 4 of a voice coil or of a conductive 1-turn ring 3 is stuck and fixed to the junctional flat portion 12 or a reinforcement ring 15; and the reinforcement ring 15 is stuck and fixed to the junctional flat portion 12 from above or from under, thereby increasing the mechanical strength of the junctional flat portion 12 of the acoustic diaphragm 5. A loudspeaker device in which unnecessary vibrations are removed and also the quality of acoustic signals is excellent up to high range is provided.

Abstract: A loudspeaker apparatus in which a diaphragm is reinforced easily and favorably. The loudspeaker apparatus includes a loudspeaker diaphragm formed by joining a domed diaphragm and an edge-like diaphragm and vibrated using a voice coil, and a reinforcement ring reinforcing a junctional flat portion or the vicinity of the junctional flat portion of the diaphragm. The reinforcement ring is formed of a permeable material, and the permeable reinforcement ring is stuck to the junctional flat portion or the vicinity of the junctional flat portion of the diaphragm.

Abstract: In an electromagnetic induction type speaker apparatus, individual constants are set in such a manner that the following formula is satisfied N×(R1×R2)1/2/(2?×L1×(1?k2)1/2>2000 where R1 is the DC resistance of a primary coil; L1 is the inductance of the primary coil; N is the number of turns of the primary coil; R2 is the DC resistance of the secondary coil; L2 is the inductance of the secondary coil; and k is the coupling coefficient of the primary coil and the secondary coil. In addition, the constants L1 and l2 are selected in such a manner that the ratio of the inductance L1 and the inductance L2 becomes equal to the ratio of the DC resistance R1 and the DC resistance R2.

Abstract: A liquid drop discharger includes a coil for generating a magnetic field based on an electric current that is applied; a moving section, removably disposed with respect to the coil so as to be movable in a central axial direction of the coil, for generating an induced current by the magnetic field generated by the coil; device for vertically applying a magnetic field to a peripheral surface of a peripheral member, where the induced current is generated, of the moving section; and a discharge opening, which moves together with the moving section, for discharging a liquid by changing the volume of a liquid chamber containing the liquid as a result of the movement of the moving section.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a ceramic structure includes the steps of forming metallic titanium into desired shapes to produce a plurality of titanium components; mechanically bringing the plurality of titanium components into contact with each other to produce a titanium structure; and oxidizing the plurality of titanium components by heat-treating the titanium structure, wherein the plurality of titanium components mechanically in contact with each other are joined together simultaneously by oxidation of the metallic titanium.

Abstract: A remote control device is configured so that a display direction of contents on a liquid crystal display section can be switched according to slide operation of a slide switch. The remote control device can prevent the display direction from being switched despite the intention of a user, thus more appropriately switching the display direction of contents displayed on the liquid crystal display section.

Abstract: A magnetostrictive actuator has magnetostrictive element having a magnetostrictive, a driving rod moving in a displacement direction of the magnetostrictive element, which is connected with the magnetostrictive element and made of a ferromagnet, a solenoid coil applying magnetic field to the magnetostrictive element, which is arranged around the magnetostrictive element, an enclosure enclosing the magnetostrictive element and the solenoid coil. In the enclosure, a permanent magnet for applying static magnetic bias field to the magnetostrictive element and tubular cases including a ferromagnet are arranged around the enclosed magnetostrictive element, and the driving rod is arranged in the enclosure with a space. Magnetic pull-in force caused between the driving rod and the enclosure can apply prestress to the magnetostrictive element.

Abstract: A speaker and a magnetic circuit for a speaker, in which the high quality sound is obtained, are provided using a structure which is thin, light-weight and symmetrical in the vibration direction. In three sheets of layered magnets 11, 12, and 13, the first magnet 11 of the first layer and the third magnet 13 of the third layer are arranged in the magnetic directions which repel each other, and the polarity of second magnet 12 of the second layer is arranged perpendicularly to the polarity of the first and third magnets 11 and 13 of the first and third layers at the top and bottom thereof. A voice coil 19 wound near the center of a voice coil bobbin 18 is arranged to oppose the second magnet 12 of the second layer of the magnetic circuit composed of the three layers, and the same vibration systems composed of the diaphragms 14, 16 and edges 15, 17 are connected to both the ends of this voice coil bobbin 18.

Abstract: In an electromagnetic induction type speaker apparatus, individual constants are set in such a manner that the following formula is satisfied N×(R1×R2)1/2/{2 ?×L1×(1?k2)1/2}?20000 where R1 is the DC resistance of a primary coil 15: L1 is the inductance of the primary coil 15; N is the number of turns of the primary coil 15; R2 is the DC resistance of the secondary coil 18; L2 is the inductance of the secondary coil 18; and k is the coupling coefficient of the primary coil 15 and the secondary coil 18. In addition, the constants L1 and L2 are selected in such a manner that the ratio of the inductance L1 and the inductance L2 becomes equal to in the ratio of the DC resistance R1 and the DC resistance R2.

Abstract: A magnetostriction device is made such that an impregnated composition material, such as phenol resin, a resin in which an inorganic material such as silica is dispersed into a phenol resin, an epoxy based resins or an acrylic resin is impregnated and caked into holes of a magnetostrictive sintered material manufactured by a powder metallurgy method. This magnetostriction device has improved mechanical strength against an external force.

Abstract: In a lever-arm displacement-increasing device, two lever arms are joined at one end. The other end of one of the lever arms is connected to a fixed portion that supports the rear end of an actuator element, and the other end of the other lever arm is connected to a rigid connecting portion connected to the front end of the actuator element. The displacement force of the actuator element is transmitted to the lever arms through the connecting portion, and is further transmitted to a joint between the lever arms. The joint functions as an output displacing portion. The joint changes the displacing direction of the actuator element to a direction orthogonal thereto, and produces a displacement larger than the displacement of the actuator element.

Abstract: In an electromagnetic induction type speaker apparatus, individual constants are set in such a manner that the following formula is satisfied

Abstract: A liquid drop discharger includes a coil for generating a magnetic field based on an electric current that is applied; a moving section, removably disposed with respect to the coil so as to be movable in a central axial direction of the coil, for generating an induced current by the magnetic field generated by the coil; device for vertically applying a magnetic field to a peripheral surface of a peripheral member, where the induced current is generated, of the moving section; and a discharge opening, which moves together with the moving section, for discharging a liquid by changing the volume of a liquid chamber containing the liquid as a result of the movement of the moving section.

Abstract: A loudspeaker in which the input resistance is improved and the effect of humidity on the playback frequency response is suppressed, and a method for the preparation of the loudspeaker. A sheet-like product, containing glass particles with a particle size of 8 nm to 300 nm and polyamide resin, and prepared by application of a paper-making technique, is used as the diaphragm. The content of the glass particles in the compound material is 5 weight % to 70 weight %. In preparing the diaphragm, a phase of an aqueous solution containing diamine and water glass is contacted with a phase of an organic solution containing a dicarboxylic acid halide to generate a compound material containing glass particles and the polyamide resin. The compound material so prepared is formed into a sheet by a paper-making technique. In the process of the preparation by the paper-making technique, the compound material mixed with other fibrous material may also be used as a starting material.

Abstract: A loudspeaker in which the input resistance is improved and the effect of humidity on the playback frequency response is suppressed, and a method for the preparation of the loudspeaker. A sheet-like product, containing glass particles with a particle size of 8 nm to 300 nm and polyamide resin, and prepared by application of a paper-making technique, is used as the diaphragm. The content of the glass particles in the compound material is 5 weight % to 70 weight %. In preparing the diaphragm, a phase of an aqueous solution containing diamine and water glass is contacted with a phase of an organic solution containing a dicarboxylic acid halide to generate a compound material containing glass particles and the polyamide resin. The compound material so prepared is formed into a sheet by a paper-making technique. In the process of the preparation by the paper-making technique, the compound material mixed with other fibrous material may also be used as a starting material.