Abstract: A novel air-fuel detection system is disclosed, comprising a solid electrolyte with a diffusion resistor for controlling the oxygen diffusion to measure the air excess rate of an exhaust gas. A predetermined current is supplied to the solid electrolyte for a predetermined length of time to apply the oxygen into the diffusion resistor. Subsequently, a predetermined current of opposite polarity is supplied to the solid electrolyte for a predetermined length of time to draw the oxygen out of the diffusion resistor. The time required from the start of drawing to generation of an electromotive force due to the difference in oxygen component pressures between the sides of the solid electrolyte is measured and the above operations are alternatively repeated in the time sharing manner to determine the air-fuel ratio.

Abstract: An air flow meter including an air flow rate measuring tube located in a main air passageway and having an air inlet portion and an air outlet portion of a bypass passageway formed therein. The air inlet portion is located substantially in a central portion of the cross-sectional surface of the main air passageway, and a hot wire type air flow sensor is mounted in the bypass passageway. The air flow meter is suitable for use with an internal combustion engine of an automotive vehicle.

Abstract: The combustion, especially a lean mixture, in an internal combustion engine is improved by providing an additional air introducing device. The device comprises an air by-pass pipe introducing additional air independently from the airflow through an intake manifold and having its outlet in the manifold at the vicinity of an intake valve and an air by-pass valve for adjusting the flow rate of the additional air through the by-pass pipe according to operational conductions of the engine. As a consequence, during the suction stroke of a cylinder, additional air, stagnated in the vicinity of the intake valve, is at first drawn in and then an air-fuel mixture supplied by a fuel injector is supplied to the cylinder. Accordingly, the stratification of combustible fluid is performed within the cylinder, in which an ignition plug is exposed to an upper phase formed by the mixture.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio detector including an oxygen ion conductive solid electrolyte, first and second electrodes provided on respective sides of the solid electrolyte, a porous diffusion resistor covering the first electrode, and a circuit arrangement for supplying a current between the first and second electrodes. In order to enable a detection of a wide range of air-fuel ratios, the current supplied between the first and second electrodes is controlled so as to feed oxygen from the second electrode to the first electrode through the solid electrolyte and then withdraw oxygen from the first electrode to the second electrode through the solid electrolyte.

Abstract: On an input and an output shafts of the transmission, there are provided a plurality of gear pairs which have different reduction ratios. One of the gears of the gear pair having the smallest reduction ratio is operably connected with the input shaft through a multi-disk clutch, and the torque transmitted from the input shaft to the gear can be controlled by adjusting the thrusting force applied to the clutch. When the selection of the gear pair is changed, the gear pair under operation at present is brought into the neutral condition and, at the same time, the thrusting force of the clutch is increased. Thereby, the torque of the input shaft is transmitted to the output shaft through the clutch and a rotational synchronism of the input and output shafts is advanced by adjusting the thrusting force. When the rotational synchronism is completed, the gear pair to be selected is brought under the operation.

Abstract: An oxygen concentration control system comprising an electrolyte of the oxygen-ionconduction type exposed on its one surface to the interior of a chamber conducting gases under measurement through a diffusion resistance member, and the system controls the oxygen concentration of gases so that the voltage created across the electrolyte is equal to the predetermined voltage. The inventive system comprises a means for preventing the malfunctioning of the control system caused by the time lag in sensing the oxygen concentration which occurs when the oxygen concentration of the gases varies abruptly or the setting of the oxygen concentration is varied.

Abstract: A method of air-fuel ratio control for automotive internal combustion engine in which the amount of fuel to be supplied to the internal combustion engine is determined in accordance with the amount of air passing through a main air intake path, and the amount of air in a bypass is controlled in a manner to attain a predetermined air-fuel ratio for a lean mixture gas which is determined by a predetermined operating mode of the automobile. The amount of supplied fuel which changes with the amount of air in the bypass is thus corrected to perform the lean mixture gas operation in the predetermined operating mode.

Abstract: In order to take into consideration the different response by a hot wire sensor to changes in temperature of air as opposed to changes in temperature of fuel, the circuit configuration of a hot wire sensor for fuel flow detection differs from that for air flow detection in that an additional resistance is connected in series with the flow measuring resistance in the bridge circuit of the fuel flow detector, while the additional resistance is connected in series with the temperature compensating resistance in the bridge circuit of the air flow detector.

Abstract: An electronically-controlled cylinder fuel supply system in which an injector and an ignition plug are provided for each of combustion chambers, in which on the basis of an instruction signal to an engine and a speed of revolution of the engine, the fuel injection initiation timing and valve open duration of the injector, the ignition timing of the ignition plug and the quantity of suction air are determined through retrieval of values from a map stored in a ROM, in which a throttle valve is controlled such that the suction air quantity measured by an air flow meter coincides with the suction air quantity determined by the map retrieval, and in which the injector is provided with a fuel holding portion for temporarily holding the fuel injected during the lowered pressure of the combustion chamber and a vibration element for vibrating the fuel holding portion to atomize the fuel to thereby scatter the atomized fuel into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A multi-cylinder fuel atomizer for automobiles which includes an electromechanical transducer disposed between a concentrated cylinder arranged in a suction passage and respective suction pipes independently branched from the concentrated cylinder to corresponding cylinders. A horn ring vibrator is fixed to an end of the electromechanical transducer and is partly exposed to the suction pipes. The fuel injector is arranged upstream of the electrical mechanical transducer and is adapted to inject fuel to the horn ring vibrator, with the fuel being atomized by vibrations of the horn ring vibrator.

Abstract: A fuel dispensing device used in an internal combustion engine comprises a throttle valve, engine operating state sensors, a control circuit producing engine control signals in response to the outputs of the sensors, a pair of intake tubes connected to an intake passage on the downstream side of the throttle valve, with each of the tubes branching at its downstream end into two parts connected to two of cylinders of the engine, an atomizer including a pair of cylindrical atomizer rings disposed in the intake tube pair and a driver for vibrating the atomizer rings in response to a control signal from the control circuit, and a pair of injection valves disposed by the respective atomizer rings. The injection valves operate to inject the fuel in response to the control signal onto the inner wall of the respective atomizer rings, so that the fuel is atomized by the vibration of the atomizer rings, while intermixing with air, and delivered to the respective cylinders.

Abstract: In a fuel feeding apparatus of the type in which a vibrating element is vibrated by an electro-mechanical transducer converting electrical oscillation into mechanical vibration, and fuel injected from a fuel feeding part is directed to impinge against and atomized by the vibrating element, the frequency of the electrical oscillation applied to the transducer is changed at a predetermined period to promote atomization of fuel.

Abstract: An air flow meter comprises an air velocity measuring resistor and a temperature compensating resistor and is installed in a bypass passage provided at an intake passage running through an air horn. The air velocity measuring resistor and the temperature compensating resistor are supported by lead wires whose portions exposed in the bypass passage have the same length. A cover forming the bypass passage is made of heat insulating synthetic resin material to prevent heats from being transmitted to the resistors.

Abstract: A control apparatus includes an air-fuel ratio sensor for detecting an oxygen content over a wide range of operating conditions from a light load operation to a high load operation of an engine and the sensor is utilized so as to establish the desired air-fuel ratio such that the air-fuel ratio (.lambda.) becomes .lambda.>1, .lambda.=1 or .lambda.<1, respectively in the light, intermediate or high load operating region of the engine and the output of the air-fuel ratio sensor is utilized so as to feedback control the air-fuel ratio over the wide range of operating conditions and thereby maintain the desired air-fuel ratio in each of the operating regions.

Abstract: A fuel feeding apparatus for internal combustion engines, of the type having a heat-type air flow meter disposed in a bypass air passage detouring an air-intake passage, an air metering valve adapted to be actuated by a proportional type electromagnetic device to control the flow rate of air in the bypass air passage substantially at a constant level in response to the output signal from the heat-type air flow meter, and a fuel metering valve adapted to be actuated by the proportional type electromagnetic device simultaneously with the control of air flow rate by the air metering valve. A pulsation suppressing means is disposed in the bypass air passage to suppress the pulsation of air pressure in the latter thereby to decrease the measurement error in the heat-type air flow meter.

Abstract: An engine control apparatus of fuel supply preferential type in which the rate of fuel supply is controlled in accordance with the amount of operation of an accelerator pedal and the operation condition of the engine, and the opening of the throttle valve is controlled in accordance with a command opening which is determined by the rate of the fuel supply is disclosed. For ensuring a good air-fuel ratio control, the control apparatus comprises first closed loop control adapted to detect the throttle valve opening and to effect a control to make the throttle valve opening converge at the command opening and second closed loop control adapted to detect the air-flow ratio of the air-fuel mixture fed to the engine wth air-fuel ratio sensor which detects oxygen concentration in the exhaust gases from the engine and to effect a control to make the air-fuel ratio converge at a command air-fuel ratio.

Abstract: A sensor for detecting an air/fuel ratio is fitted to an exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine so as to effect feedback control and to keep the air/fuel ratio of the engine at a predetermined value. To improve the feedback control accuracy, the sensor response must be increased. If the response is increased too much, however, the sensor output is found deviated from the true air/fuel ratio, and the deviation quantity is also found proportional to the change of the air-fuel ratio with respect to time. The invention makes it possible to make appropriate air/fuel ratio control by compensating for the output signal of the sensor using the signal component based upon the change of the air/fuel ratio with time, among the sensor output signals.

Abstract: Air flowing through an air cleaner is passed through a main passage and drawn into an internal-combustion engine, with a part of the air flowing through the main passage flowing into a by-pass passage having an air flow sensor mounted therein. A length of the by-pass passage is substantially three or more times longer than that of a part of the main passage corresponding thereto. Accordingly, even when the internal-combustion engine is operated with a throttle nearly totally open and the air in the main passage is pulsated, the average flow rate in the by-pass passage increases due to the inertial lag effect obtained by lengthening the by-pass passage, so that it is possible to prevent the output of the flow sensor from being undesirably lowered.

Abstract: An air flow rate measuring apparatus in which an air flow sensor whose electric characteristic varies with the rate of air flowing by the sensor is supported on a heat-insulating support member and located in a bypass tube provided in the vicinity of the main venturi of an internal combustion engine, whereby the air flow sensor is isolated from adverse thermal influences so as to reduce an error in measuring air flow rate.

Abstract: A control system including a microprocessor for controlling the controlled variables of an internal combustion engine, especially, the flow rate of fuel is disclosed. An air flow meter provides an output signal having such a non-linear characteristic relative to the flow rate of intake air that the signal level increases in the region of the small flow rate of intake air. The microprocessor carries out necessary digital computation on the basis of the output signal of the air flow meter to provide a fuel flow rate control signal. This digital control signal is converted into a signal having a linear characteristic proportional to the flow rate of intake air, or after having been produced from the microprocessor, converted into a signal including information proportional to the flow rate of intake air.