Abstract: A rotational member inhibitable from coming off a support member is obtained. This rotational member includes a rotational portion rotatably mounted on a support member, a pair of arcuate portions provided on a side of the rotational portion closer to the support member to extend from the rotational portion and opposed to each other and a hook portion so provided as to extend from a circumferential end of at least one of the pair of arcuate portions in an outward direction intersecting with a mounting direction for the rotational portion for engaging with the support member.

Abstract: One new file and one old file are sequentially compared from the heads of the files on a predetermined data unit basis. If a data match is found, transfer information showing a position and a data length of the old file is output. If a data mismatch is found by the sequential comparison, the old file is searched in both directions from the data position where the mismatch had been found in the old file, thereby finding a portion which matches with the data of the new file. If the matching portion can be found, shift information up to the matching portion on the old file is output. If the matching portion cannot be found, new data is added to transfer replacement information showing a length of data of the mismatching portion of the old file at a position until the matching portion can be found, and the resultant transfer replacement information is output.

Abstract: A sheet transfer system includes a register roller working for transfer of a one-side printed print sheet and a non-printed print sheet, a pair of first guide plates working to guide the one-side printed print sheet to the register, and a pair of second guide plates working to guide the non-printed print sheet to the register. The first guide plates make an opening angle ?1 in between greater than an opening ?2(?3) the second guide plates make in between.

Abstract: An inkjet printer includes a printing unit, a transfer route, a heating chamber, and a heater. The printing unit ejects ink onto a sheet through nozzles of the inkjet heads. The transfer route transfers the sheet as printed at the printing unit. The heating chamber accommodates at least part of the transfer route to heat the sheet as transferred in the transfer route. The heater heats inside the heating chamber. The heating chamber is sectioned into sub-chambers along the transfer route, including a first sub-chamber to be heated by the heater and a second sub-chamber to be lower in temperature than the first sub-chamber and located between the printing unit and the first sub-chamber.

Abstract: An input of image data is received, and information of width and/or thickness of a recording medium, which receives an image representing the image data to be recorded thereon, is received. Then, a preset pressing pressure value, which is used when the image is recorded on the recording medium, is obtained based on the information of width and/or thickness, and information of image density in the reference area, which is a part of the image data, is obtained. Then, converted image density information is obtained by converting the information of image density in the reference area based on the pressing pressure value and the information of image density, and image data is generated according to the thus obtained converted image density information.

Abstract: A data management system including a storage and activating an application so that the application accesses contents in the storage and processes the contents. The data management system also monitors access of the application to the contents by associating information for the application brought into an activated status with information for the accessed contents. The data management system also enciphers the contents with the application information when the activated application writes the contents into the storage while deciphering the contents with the application information when the activated application reads out the contents.

Abstract: A print head includes an ink propelling mechanism, an ink tank supplies ink to the print head, an ink circulation route includes the print head and the ink tank therein, a pump circulates ink through the ink circulation route, a temperature sensor measures a temperature of ink flowing in a route between the print head and the ink tank in the ink circulation route, a heater is disposed in a vicinity of the ink tank to heat ink, and a controller works with a received print job, operating for temperatures of ink as measures at the temperature sensor lower than a first prescribed reference, to heat ink by the heater without starting printing, and for temperatures of ink as measures at the temperature sensor kept equal to or higher than the first reference for a prescribed time interval, to start printing.

Abstract: A flat panel display device includes a stand and a cabinet. The stand has a pair of hook portions. The hook portions are symmetrically formed relative to a plane of symmetry. The cabinet has a bottom plate with a pair of attachment holes. The attachment holes are symmetrically formed relative to the plane of symmetry. Each of the attachment holes includes a first portion and a second portion that is wider than the first portion in a transverse direction of the cabinet. The first and second portions of each of the attachment holes have inner side faces, respectively. The inner side face of the first portion and the inner side face of the second portion are offset in the transverse direction of the cabinet and connected with a slanted guide face that is slanted relative to both of the inner side faces of the first and second portions.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus for exposing a substrate to light during an exposure period. A projection optical system projects light from a pattern of a reticle onto the substrate. The projection optical system includes at least one optical element driven to adjust aberration of the projection optical system. A first calculator calculates compensation data based on a temporal characteristic of heat influence, which represents a change in aberration due to heat influence of the exposure in the projection optical system in accordance with (i) an elapsed time of a non-exposure period from a time when the exposure period shifts to a non-exposure period, and (ii) exposure period data which represents the time when the exposure period shifts to the non-exposure period.

Abstract: An exposure system includes an exposure apparatus and a fluid supplying apparatus that supplies fluid to the exposure apparatus via flow channels. The fluid supplying apparatus includes a fluid sending unit, a heat exchanger, a first temperature sensor that measures the temperature of the fluid, a filter that removes unwanted substances in the fluid, and a heater disposed downstream of the filter in the fluid supplying apparatus for adjusting the temperature of the fluid. The exposure apparatus includes a second temperature sensor that measures the temperature of the fluid supplied from the fluid supplying apparatus. The heater adjusts the temperature of the fluid on the basis of the information on the temperature measured by the second temperature sensor.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus for exposing a wafer to light through a pattern of a mask. The apparatus includes a projection optical system configured to project the pattern onto the wafer, a first barometer configured to measure pressure of an atmosphere in the apparatus, a second barometer configured to measure the pressure at a speed higher than that at which the first barometer measures the pressure, a calibration unit configured to calibrate an output of the second barometer based on an output of the first barometer, and an aberration correction unit configured to correct aberration of the projection optical system based on the calibrated output.

Abstract: An information display method displays a plurality of display frames arranged in a table on a display screen. Each of the display frames enables display of a plurality of information pieces, and a selected display frame is enlargeable, while non-selected display frames are reduced according to an enlargement ratio of the enlarged display frame. Each of information candidates to be displayed in respective display frames includes an attribute of a display priority and an attribute of a display character size, and an information display operation is carried out, based on a size of each of the display frames, by deciding the display priority and the display character size of each of the information candidates to be displayed in the respective display frames. Consequently, a large amount of information can be displayed, and easy operation can be realized.

Abstract: A Bezier curve constituting outline font data represents a curve by four coordinate values of a start point, an end point, and two control points. The curve is represented by two coordinates of the start point and the end point in collinear approximation, and by three coordinates of the start point, an intersecting point of two lines, and the end point in bi-linear approximation. In curve pattern approximation, when 32 curve patterns are prepared, the curve is represented by 5-bit data of two coordinates of the start point and the end point, and a pattern number. By effectively employing these three kinds of processes, it is possible to represent a Bezier curve constituting the outline font data with a reduced data volume.

Abstract: An ink circulation type inkjet printer includes a maintenance controller configured to: (1) allow a maintenance mechanism to execute maintenance processing for a plurality of inkjet heads before a present printing job under three conditions that: (c1) an elapsed time from a last printing job to a present printing job is less than a first reference time; (c2) the present printing job requests for ejecting ink from unused nozzles of multiple nozzles of the plurality of inkjet heads in the last printing job; (c3) the elapsed time is more than a second reference time; (2) allow the ink circulation type inkjet printer to perform the present printing job without the maintenance processing for the plurality of inkjet heads when the elapsed time is less than the predetermined second reference time.

Abstract: A temperature regulating apparatus which regulates temperature includes a heater, a temperature detector configured to detect temperature, a calculator configured to calculate a manipulated value based on an error between a target temperature and the temperature detected by the temperature detector, and a power controller configured to supply power, having one of a voltage and current controlled in accordance with the manipulated value, to the heater. The calculator includes a first calculator having at least a proportional element of the proportional element, an integral element, and a derivative element, and a second calculator configured to calculate a square root. The first calculator and the second calculator are coupled in series with each other.

Abstract: A driving device includes an electromagnetic actuator indicating a first coil and a second coil which detects a change in magnetic flux generated by the first coil, and an electromagnetic actuator controller which feedback-controls the electromagnetic actuator. The electromagnetic actuator controller includes a modulator which gives a modulated signal, which is generated based on a target value in the feedback control, to the first coil, and a demodulator which demodulates an output signal from the second coil, and in which the target value is a target thrust of the electromagnetic actuator. The electromagnetic actuator controller includes a scale converter which performs a square-root arithmetic operation for the target value to feedback-control the electromagnetic actuator based on an output signal from the scale converter and a signal demodulated by the demodulator.

Abstract: The present invention is a regulating device configured to regulate a temperature T2 of a first medium in accordance with a target temperature. The regulating device comprises a heat exchanger 16, a control valve 14, temperature sensors 2 and 4, temperature sensors 6 and 8, and a heat quantity control unit 30 and a temperature control unit 50 configured to calculate a target exchange heat quantity in the heat exchanger 16, calculate an exchange heat quantity in the heat exchanger 16, add a signal dependent upon a difference between the target exchange heat quantity and the exchange heat quantity to a signal dependent upon a difference between an output of the temperature sensor 4 and the target temperature, and control the control valve 14 so that a difference between the output of the temperature sensor 4 and the target temperature is reduced.

Abstract: A printing apparatus is provided with a line-type ink jet head having a plurality of blocks on each of which a set of ink ejection elements are arranged. In the printing apparatus, a drive voltage signal is accompanied with a prepulse to be applied to each ink ejection element. Particularly, drive signal adjustment values are stored in association with each block. The drive voltage signal is generated for each set of ink ejection elements with reference to the drive signal adjustment values in association with the block on which the each set of ink ejection elements are arranged. By this configuration, it is possible to reduce the differential density between the image portion printed by the imperfect block having misaligned nozzles and the image portion printed by the normal block having nozzles arranged in their correct positions throughout the density range.

Abstract: A printing apparatus is capable of printing images by ejecting ink droplets from nozzles. The printing apparatus includes: a drive signal generation unit which generates ejectable drive pulses for ejecting ink droplets based on image data indicating the number of ink droplets for each pixel, and outputs the ejectable drive pulses to the nozzles; and a temperature measuring unit which measures the temperature of the ink. The drive signal generation unit also outputs non-ejectable drive pulses to the nozzle when the ink temperature is lower than a predetermined temperature. The non-ejectable drive pulses are generated and output in order that even when the nozzle is driven by the non-ejectable drive pulses, no ink droplet is ejected. It is therefore possible to provide, without substantially increasing the production cost, the printing apparatus which can elevate the ink temperature irrespective of the print coverage when the ink temperature is low.

Abstract: A heat exchange method which uses a heat exchange unit for exchanging heat between first and second media to adjust a temperature of the first medium. The method includes (a) a detection step of detecting temperatures of the first and second media to enter the heat exchange unit, and (b) an adjustment step of adjusting a flow rate of the second medium based on the temperatures of the first and second media detected in the detection step.