Abstract: A display device includes a substrate. The substrate includes a display area and a non-display area, and the display area includes an emission area and a non-emission area. A display element layer includes a light emitting element on the emission area of the substrate. A bank is on the display element layer and overlaps the non-display area and the non-emission area of the substrate in a plan view. A color conversion layer is on the display element layer, overlaps the emission area in the plan view, and is to convert a color of light emitted from the light emitting element. An organic insulating layer is on the color conversion layer and the bank. A maximum thickness of the bank is about 4 ?m to about 20 ?m. An average inclination angle of a first side surface of the bank adjacent to an edge of the substrate in the non-display area based on an upper surface of the substrate is less than or equal to about 45 degrees.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a semiconductor substrate including a first surface and a second surface and further includes a well region and a first floating diffusion region that are each adjacent to the first surface. The image sensor includes a first vertical transmission gate and a second vertical transmission gate isolated from direct contact with each other and each extend from the first surface of the semiconductor substrate and in a thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate through at least a portion of the well region. The image sensor includes a first storage gate between the first vertical transmission gate and the first floating diffusion region and on the first surface of the semiconductor substrate. The image sensor includes a first tap transmission gate between the first storage gate and the first floating diffusion region and on the first surface of the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A method for automatic selection of typhoon center using vectors calculated from radar image data by an optical flow technique includes calculating a valid vector field from the radar image data using the optical flow technique, generating a dense vector field by interpolating an empty spot of the valid vector field using linear interpolation, extracting a rotating component anomaly vector field including typhoon rotating component anomaly vectors by removing a relative vector in the interpolated valid vector field, generating a normal vector intersection point of the vectors of the extracted rotating component anomaly vector field, and finally selecting the typhoon center by calculating a maximum density normal vector intersection point based on a Gaussian kernel density estimation technique. Accordingly, it is possible to detect the moving path of the typhoon rapidly and objectively.

Abstract: An image sensor comprises an upper chip including pixels; and a lower chip placed below the upper chip, wherein a pixel of the pixels includes an optical conversion element configured that light is incident on the optical conversion element, a first storage gate or a first storage node which is electrically connected to the optical conversion element and configured to store electric charge transferred from the optical conversion element during a first time interval, and a second storage gate or a second storage node which is electrically connected to the optical conversion element and configured to store the electric charge transferred from the optical conversion element during a second time interval different from the first time interval, the pixel is configured to generate a first pixel signal on the basis of the electric charge stored in the first storage gate, the lower chip includes a frame buffer.

Abstract: A display panel includes an array substrate, an opposite substrate facing the array substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the array substrate and the opposite substrate. The array substrate includes a display area and a non-display area surrounding the display area, and the non-display area includes a first non-display area disposed adjacent to a side portion of the display area and a second non-display area other than the first non-display area. The first non-display area overlaps the opposite substrate. The array substrate and the opposite substrate have the same or substantially the same area and a wire member is disposed under the array substrate to be connected to an external circuit module. Accordingly, the to display panel does not need an extra space for the wire member, and thus the non-display area is reduced.

Abstract: Provided are an indoor unit of an air conditioner and a method for controlling the same, the air conditioner includes a humidification module to generate steam, mix the generated steam with filtered air to generate humidified air, and spray the humidified air at a discharge outlet through an independent flow path to provide the humidified air to an indoor space, in a smart care mode, performs a humidification operation during a heating operation to discharge the humidified air together with heat-exchanged air, automatically switches a mode between a high speed mode and a comfortable mode to prevent frequent on and off, thereby saving energy, and automatically switches an operation mode thereof according to a temperature and humidity to control discharged air and the humidified air, thereby effectively supplying air with adjusted temperature and humidity.

Abstract: A display device includes: a substrate; a first electrode on the substrate; a bank layer on the first electrode; an organic light-emitting layer on the first electrode; a second electrode on the organic light-emitting layer and the bank layer; a high-refractive lens on the second electrode and having a refractive index higher than a refractive index of a material that overlaps the first electrode and contacts a side surface of the high-refractive lens; a display panel including an encapsulation member that is on the high-refractive lens; and an optical path adjustment film on the display panel. The optical path adjustment film includes a plurality of protruding patterns on the encapsulation member and a cover layer in spaces between adjacent protruding patterns from among the plurality of protruding patterns. A refractive index of each of the protruding patterns is smaller than a refractive index of the cover layer.

Abstract: A display device includes a bank including an opening defining a plurality of pixels; a plurality of light emitting elements disposed in the plurality of pixels; a color conversion layer disposed on the plurality of light emitting elements in the opening; and a low refractive layer disposed on the color conversion layer in the opening.

Abstract: Discussed is a solar cell including a single crystalline silicon substrate, a polycrystalline silicon layer on a back surface and side surfaces of the single crystalline silicon substrate, a diffusion region on a front surface of the single crystalline silicon substrate, a front passivation layer on the diffusion region, a back passivation layer on the polycrystalline silicon layer, a first electrode connected to the diffusion region through the front passivation layer, and a second electrode connected to the polycrystalline silicon layer through the back passivation layer, wherein the side surfaces of the single crystalline silicon substrate includes a first portion without the polycrystalline silicon layer and a second portion with the polycrystalline silicon layer.

Abstract: Provided is a display device. The display device includes a liquid crystal display panel and an optical film disposed above the liquid crystal display panel, the optical film comprising a first pattern layer having a first refractive index and a second pattern layer having a second refractive index different from the first refractive index and disposed on the first pattern layer. The first pattern layer includes a first base part and a plurality of first protrusions. Each of the first protrusions includes a bottom surface adjacent to the first base part, an upper surface facing the bottom surface, and side surfaces between the bottom surface and the upper surface. Each of the side surfaces is perpendicular to the bottom surface and the upper surface.

Abstract: An optical film may include a first pattern layer having a first refractive index and including a base portion and a plurality of protrusions on the base portion x, and a second pattern layer disposed on the first pattern layer and having a second refractive index different from the first refractive index. Each of the protrusions may include n sub-protrusions (n is an integer of 2 or greater), which are stacked in a thickness direction of the base portion. Each of the n sub-protrusions may have a quadrilateral shape. A side surface of the protrusion defined by the n sub-protrusions may include at least one step portion. The optical film improves display quality of a display device in front and lateral directions.

Abstract: Provided are a wavelength conversion layer and a display device. A color conversion element comprises: a wavelength conversion layer; one or more low refractive layers which are disposed on and/or under the wavelength conversion layer and have a lower refractive index than the wavelength conversion layer; and one or more capping layers which are disposed between the wavelength conversion layer and the low refractive layers and/or on a surface opposite to a surface of each of the low refractive layers which faces the wavelength conversion layer.

Abstract: A 3D image sensor include a depth pixel and at least two polarization pixels adjacent to the depth pixel. The depth pixel includes a charge generation region in a substrate. The depth pixel is configured to generate depth information associated with a depth of an object from the 3D image sensor in a 3D scene based on detecting light reflected from the object. Each polarization pixel includes a photodiode in the substrate and a polarizer on the substrate in a light-incident direction. The polarization pixel is configured to generate shape information associated with a shape of a surface of the object in the 3D scene based on detecting light reflected from the object. The polarization pixels and the depth pixel collectively define a unit pixel. The respective polarizers are associated with different polarization directions.

Abstract: A method for automatic selection of typhoon center using vectors calculated from radar image data by an optical flow technique includes calculating a valid vector field from the radar image data using the optical flow technique, generating a dense vector field by interpolating an empty spot of the valid vector field using linear interpolation, extracting a rotating component anomaly vector field including typhoon rotating component anomaly vectors by removing a relative vector in the interpolated valid vector field, generating a normal vector intersection point of the vectors of the extracted rotating component anomaly vector field, and finally selecting the typhoon center by calculating a maximum density normal vector intersection point based on a Gaussian kernel density estimation technique. Accordingly, it is possible to detect the moving path of the typhoon rapidly and objectively.

Abstract: A display device includes a display element including a first electrode, a protective layer arranged on the first electrode, a second electrode arranged on the protective layer at a pixel area and contacting a thin film transistor. A sensing line is arranged on the protective layer and contacts the first electrode through a contact hole exposing the first electrode through the third protective layer. The sensing line comprises a first conductive layer arranged on the protective layer and contacting the second electrode through the contact hole, and a second conductive layer arranged on the first conductive layer.

Abstract: A display panel includes an array substrate, an opposite substrate facing the array substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the array substrate and the opposite substrate. The array substrate includes a display area and a non-display area surrounding the display area, and the non-display area includes a first non-display area disposed adjacent to a side portion of the display area and a second non-display area other than the first non-display area. The first non-display area overlaps the opposite substrate. The array substrate and the opposite substrate have the same or substantially the same area and a wire member is disposed under the array substrate to be connected to an external circuit module. Accordingly, the display panel does not need an extra space for the wire member, and thus the non-display area is reduced.

Abstract: A Time-of-Flight (ToF)-based three-dimensional (3D) image sensor includes at least two first photogates symmetrically arranged in a central portion of a pixel, at least two first gates configured to remove an overflow charge generated in the at least two first photogates, and a first gate group. The at least two first gates are arranged symmetrically in an outer portion of the pixel. The first gate group includes a plurality of gates configured to store and transmit charges generated in the at least two first photogates. The first gate group is arranged in the outer portion of the pixel.

Abstract: A water treatment system and a ballast water treatment method. A ballast water treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a first ballast water supply pipe for receiving a supply of ballast water from a first sea chest positioned in a non-explosion-proof area of a ship; an electrolytic bath for electrolyzing the ballast water supplied from the first ballast water supply pipe; a second ballast water supply pipe for receiving a supply of ballast water from a second sea chest, which is positioned in an explosion-proof area of the ship, and supplying the ballast water to a ballast tank of the ship; a filter provided to the second ballast water supply pipe so as to filter the ballast water passing through the second ballast water supply pipe; and a third ballast water supply pipe connected to the second ballast water supply pipe so as to supply the ballast water, which has been electrolyzed from the electrolytic bath, to the ballast water which has passed through the filter.

Abstract: A display device including a light emitting element layer, an encapsulation layer disposed on the light emitting element layer, wherein the encapsulation layer includes a hollow polymer structure, and an input sensor disposed on the encapsulation layer.

Abstract: Provided are a method of manufacturing a solar cell, including a polycrystalline silicon layer forming operation of forming a polycrystalline silicon layer containing a first dopant on a back surface of a semiconductor substrate formed of a single crystal silicon material including a base region, a front texturing operation of texturing a front surface of the semiconductor substrate and simultaneously removing the polycrystalline silicon layer formed on the front surface of the semiconductor substrate, a second conductive region forming operation of forming a second conductive region by diffusing a second dopant on the front surface of the semiconductor substrate, a passivation layer forming operation of forming a first passivation layer on the polycrystalline silicon layer formed on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate and forming a second passivation layer on the second conductive region of the front surface of the semiconductor substrate, and an electrode forming operation of forming a first ele