Abstract: A signal transmission method includes determining whether there is a User Equipment (UE) within an area of the femto BS, determining whether the UE is in an active mode, operating in a first mode of alternating a first Available Interval (AI) with a first UnAvailable Interval (UAI) in time, if no UE exists within the area of the femto BS, operating in a second mode of alternating a second AI with a second UAI shorter than the first UAI in time, if a UE exists within the area of the femto BS and operates in an inactive mode and operating in a third mode of continuously transmitting a signal, if a UE exists within the area of the femto BS and operates in the active mode.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method and system for providing a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) live streaming service over a Content Distribution Network (CDN). The method includes the steps of (A) a peer present on a network searching for an adjacent surrogate, that is, a superpeer in a bin where peers are grouped, (B) the peer sending a content request message to the surrogate, (C) the surrogate finding a corresponding peer list and then sending the peer list to the peer in response to the content request message, or, if the surrogate cannot find a peer list corresponding to the content request message and makes a request to a surrogate overlay, the surrogate overlay sending information about a surrogate having corresponding content to the peer, and (D) the peer requesting content from the surrogate having sent the peer list or from a surrogate included in the information about a surrogate, and receiving the corresponding content.

Abstract: A signal transmission method includes determining whether there is a User Equipment (UE) within an area of the femto BS, determining whether the UE is in an active mode, operating in a first mode of alternating a first Available Interval (AI) with a first UnAvailable Interval (UAI) in time, if no UE exists within the area of the femto BS, operating in a second mode of alternating a second AI with a second UAI shorter than the first UAI in time, if a UE exists within the area of the femto BS and operates in an inactive mode and operating in a third mode of continuously transmitting a signal, if a UE exists within the area of the femto BS and operates in the active mode.

Abstract: Provided is a method of transmitting and receiving content. The method includes (a) transferring, at a content server, a service key to a mobile terminal, (b) transferring, at the content server, a number to the mobile terminal, (c) scrambling, at the content server, content and transferring the scrambled content to the mobile terminal, (d) updating, at the mobile terminal, the service key on the basis of the number, and (e) descrambling, at the mobile terminal, the scrambled content using the updated service key.

Abstract: Provided are an LMA, a proxy router, and a management method for supporting NEMO in a PMIPv6 network. To support mobility in the PMIPv6 network for mobile nodes forming one node group within a mobile network, the proxy router for delivering signal and data between the mobile nodes and the PMIPv6 network delivers mobile home network prefixes allocated by the LMA of the PMIPv6 network to the mobile nodes. The LMA generates a group ID corresponding to the node group. Packet delivery costs due to an unnecessary tunnel may be reduced by grouping a plurality of mobile nodes constituting a mobile network, and using and managing flags and the same group ID.

Abstract: A transmission method for a multiple antenna system including a first device having M (>1) transmitting antennas and a second device having N (>1) receiving antennas is disclosed. The method includes determining whether there is a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission scheme satisfying a condition that it consumes less energy than a single-input single-output (SISO) transmission scheme to transmit a frame at a given transmission power, among one or more MIMO transmission schemes available to the first device and the second device, the one or more MIMO transmission schemes being determined by the numbers of activated transmitting and receiving antennas, and MIMO code; determining a transmission mode as a MIMO mode when there is the at least one MIMO transmission scheme satisfying the condition, and otherwise determining the transmission mode as a SISO mode; and performing frame transmission from the first device to the second device in the determined transmission mode.

Abstract: Provided are a channel management method and a channel selection method for a wireless node in a wireless ad-hoc network. The channel management method includes the steps of: (a) when a current mode is a first mode, performing channel selection using a method for evenly distributing a channel within an interference range; and (b) when the current mode is a second mode, performing channel selection based on a channel switching probability. According to the method, by preventing a channel change from being continuously repeated in a wireless ad-hoc network using multi-channel multi-interface, it is possible to prevent data transmission delay and network performance deterioration.

Abstract: A congestion-resilient link adaptation method is provided. The link adaptation method for selecting any one of modes having mapped transmission parameters includes the steps of: estimating a channel-induced error number indicating the number of channel-induced transmission failures in a current mode and comparing the estimated channel-induced error number with a mode-down threshold; and determining whether the mode-down is performed based on the comparison result. Thus, higher throughput can be achieved without use of additional hardware or protocols.

Abstract: Disclosed is a network coding method and system for receivers having a different channel state that may demodulate and extract a single coded packet using a different demodulation scheme according to a channel state of each receiver. The disclosed network coding method may use a different demodulation scheme to be suitable for a channel state of each receiver by applying a packet encoding scheme combined with a modulation scheme. When two receivers receive a network coded packet, a receiver having a poor channel state may receive a relatively small amount of information from the single packet compared to the other receiver having a relatively excellent channel state, but may enhance the reliability of packet reception. The other receiver having the relatively excellent channel state may decrease the reliability of packet reception, but may receive a relatively large amount of information.

Abstract: A refrigerator in which an evaporator is separately installed in each of a freezing chamber and a refrigerating chamber such that operations of the freezing chamber and the refrigerating chamber are independently controlled, and a method of controlling an operation thereof. An operation of the freezing chamber is performed first when the refrigerator starts to be operated in a parallel cycle to convert a flow of a refrigerant such that operations of the freezing chamber and the refrigerating chamber are independently performed using a 3-way valve, thereby achieving energy savings. Further, a check valve to prevent the refrigerant from flowing to a freezing chamber evaporator is omitted, thereby achieving production cost reduction.

Abstract: An ionic wind generator that ionizes air particles by multiple pins connected to a positive voltage source, and accelerating the ionized air particles and surrounding non-ionized air particles towards a heat sink attached to a heat source such as a semiconductor chip. A pin assembly of the ionic wind generator includes a substrate and multiple pins secured thereto. The pin assembly has passages or perforations that allow air to flow into the ionic wind generator in a longitudinal direction of the pin to reduce resistance from the multiple pins. A heat sink is connected to a low voltage source or ground to attract the ionized air particles. The ionized air particles impinge on the surface of the heat sink and cool the heat sink. An ion lens may also be disposed between the substrate and the heat sink to accelerate the ionized air particles to a higher speed. The ionic wind generator is capable of dissipating heat effectively, and obviates the need for a fan to force the air to the heat sink.

Abstract: Provided is a network mobility management apparatus for providing mobility in a proxy mobile Internet Protocol (IP) network of mobile nodes which configure a mobile network. The network mobility management apparatus includes an address generation unit and a communication unit. The address generation unit transmits a router request message to a mobile access gateway of a proxy mobile IP network to be accessed by the mobile nodes, and receives a router advertisement message containing a home network prefix to generate an address.

Abstract: A method of calculating a bandwidth for a mobile terminal including requesting, by the mobile terminal, a description of a streaming content from a network and receiving a response from the network, requesting, by the mobile terminal, a Quality of Service (QoS) value corresponding to a required amount of bandwidth resources of the network for receiving a streaming service of the contents from information about the content included in the received response, and receiving, by the mobile terminal, allocated bandwidth resources of the network according to the QoS value.

Abstract: A transmission method for a multiple antenna system including a first device having M (>1) transmitting antennas and a second device having N (>1) receiving antennas is disclosed. The method includes determining whether there is a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission scheme satisfying a condition that it consumes less energy than a single-input single-output (SISO) transmission scheme to transmit a frame at a given transmission power, among one or more MIMO transmission schemes available to the first device and the second device, the one or more MIMO transmission schemes being determined by the numbers of activated transmitting and receiving antennas, and MIMO code; determining a transmission mode as a MIMO mode when there is the at least one MIMO transmission scheme satisfying the condition, and otherwise determining the transmission mode as a SISO mode; and performing frame transmission from the first device to the second device in the determined transmission mode.

Abstract: A method for configuring and managing a multicast data delivery path in a wireless ad-hoc network and a multicast data delivery system using the same are disclosed. The method includes transmitting, by a parent node, first messages to respective child nodes, transmitting, by each of the child nodes, a second message to the parent node in response to the first message relayed by at least some of non-member nodes other than the parent node, performing an operation as a branch node by a non-member node receiving second messages belonging to the same multicast session and transmitted from different originators, and establishing, by the parent node receiving at least one second message, an Internet protocol (IP) tunnel with the originator of the received at least one second message.

Abstract: A streaming service server includes means for bidding prices from a plurality of super peers and means for determining at least of the plurality of the super peers based on the received bidding prices such that for a given streaming service, a total number of consumers serviced by the plurality of the super peers satisfies a predetermined criterion. Therefore, the streaming service server may determine at least one super peer in a consideration with the number of consumers served by a plurality of super peers for a given service.

Abstract: A method for transmitting network data is provided. A sender and receivers can stably transmit and receive data using a packet reception result report request frame and a packet reception result report frame, and data stability at the receivers can be improved through retransmission of network-coded data. In addition, service can be provided at a high transfer rate and with good data stability by adjusting a transfer rate according to a network environment using adaptive transfer rate control. The method allows data to be stably transmitted in a wireless network environment. Data stability can be guaranteed and a high transfer rate can be provided by adjusting a data transfer rate to achieve only moderate loss. In a wireless network environment, multimedia data such as video data can be broadcasted at a high transfer rate and with good data transmission stability.

Abstract: Provided are methods of estimating an available bandwidth and a delay in a multi-channel multi-interface based wireless ad-hoc network, and a method of relaying a route request message using the methods. The method of relaying a route request message includes (a) receiving a first route request message including information on a required bandwidth, (b) determining whether or not a condition that a link from a node transmitting the first route request message to the intermediate node and a link from the intermediate node to one of one or more neighboring nodes both have an available bandwidth equal to or larger than the required bandwidth, is satisfied, and (c) when it is determined that the condition is satisfied, broadcasting a second route request message including the information on the required bandwidth. According to the methods, it is possible to efficiently configure a route guaranteeing Quality of Service (QoS) required for a call.

Abstract: A system and method of widening the synchronization range for a discrete multitone multicarrier single pilot tone system includes detecting a first phase error in a received pilot tone; detecting a second phase error in a received second two bit constellation data channel; converting the second phase error to a first quadrant angle between 0-90° and combining the first phase error and the converted phase error to obtain the actual phase error up to and beyond 360°.

Abstract: Disclosed is a wideband audio signal coding/decoding device and method that may code a wideband audio signal while maintaining a low bit rate. The wideband audio signal coding device includes an enhancement layer that extracts a first spectrum parameter from an inputted wideband signal having a first bandwidth, quantizes the extracted first spectrum parameter, and converts the extracted first spectrum parameter into a second spectrum parameter; and a coding unit that extracts a narrowband signal from the inputted wideband signal and codes the narrowband signal based on the second spectrum parameter provided from the enhancement layer, wherein the narrowband signal has a second bandwidth smaller than the first bandwidth. The wideband audio signal coding/decoding device and method may code a wideband audio signal while maintaining a low bit rate.